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Community-Based Conservation and Protected Areas in Namibia: Social-Ecological Linkages for Biodiversity
Community-Based Conservation and Protected Areas in Namibia: Social-Ecological Linkages for Biodiversity By Arthur Hoole A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Natural Resources Institute University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba March, 2008 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES ***** COPYRIGHT PERMISSION Community-Based Conservation and Protected Areas in Namibia: Social-Ecological Linkages for Biodiversity By Arthur Hoole A Thesis/Practicum submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of the University of Manitoba in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (c) 2008 Permission has been granted to the Library of the University of Manitoba to lend or sell copies of this thesis/practicum, to the National Library of Canada to microfilm this thesis and to lend or sell copies of the film, and to University Microfilms Inc. to publish an abstract of this thesis/practicum. This reproduction or copy of this thesis has been made available by authority of the copyright owner solely for the purpose of private study and research, and may only be reproduced and copied as permitted by copyright laws or with express written authorization from the copyright owner. i To the memory of my parents, and for Leslie ii ABSTRACT This study investigates the premise that national park designations and management in Southern Africa decoupled indigenous communities from their local ecosystems. The research explores ways and means to recouple communities and national parks to promote biodiversity. The relationships are characterized between Namibia’s community-based resource management program (CBNRM), conservancies, and protected areas system, with particular reference to the Ehi-rovipuka Conservancy and Etosha National Park in northern Namibia. -
Namibia a Violation of Trust
AN OXFAM REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR POVERTY IN NAMIBIA M Y First Published 1986 ©Oxfam 1986 ISBN 0 85598 0761 Printed in Great Britain by Express Litho Service (Oxford) Published by Oxfam 274 Banbury Road Oxford 0X2 7DZ United Kingdom This book converted to digital file in 2010 Acknowledgements My main thanks must go to all the Namibian people who generously gave their time and expertise to help with the research for this book, particularly Oxfam friends and partners. I am also grateful to the Overseas Development Administration, the Foreign & Commonwealth Office, the Catholic Institute for International Relations and the Namibian Support Committee for their assistance in providing information. Thanks are especially due for the time and advice given by all those who read and commented on the drafts. In particular, I am grateful to Richard Moorsom who helped with both research and editing, and to Justin Ellis, Julio Faundez, Peter Katjavivi, Prudence Smith, Paul Spray and Brian Wood. This book reflects the collective experience of Oxfam's work in Namibia over the past twenty-two years and I have therefore relied on the active collaboration of Oxfam staff and trustees. Sue Coxhead deserves special thanks for her help with research and typing. Finally, without the special help with childcare given by Mandy Bristow, Caroline Lovick and Prudence Smith, the book would never have seen the light of day. Susanna Smith March 1986 ANGOLA A M B I A 3*S^_5 Okavango Si Swamp .or Map 1: Namibia and its neighbours Map 2: Namibia B OTSWANA frontiers restricted areas 'homelands' tar roads AT LANTIC «~ other roads OCEAN railways rivers Luderi I capital city A main towns A mines: 1 TSUMEB copper/lead 2 ROSSING uranium 3 ORANJEMUNO diamonds Oranjemu Scale: 100 200 miles AFRICA Adapted from The Namibians, the Minority Rights Group report no. -
The German Colonization of Southwest Africa and the Anglo-German Rivalry, 1883-1915
University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Student Work 7-1-1995 Doors left open then slammed shut: The German colonization of Southwest Africa and the Anglo-German rivalry, 1883-1915 Matthew Erin Plowman University of Nebraska at Omaha Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork Recommended Citation Plowman, Matthew Erin, "Doors left open then slammed shut: The German colonization of Southwest Africa and the Anglo-German rivalry, 1883-1915" (1995). Student Work. 435. https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork/435 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Work by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DOORS LEFT OPEN THEN SLAMMED SHUT: THE GERMAN COLONIZATION OF SOUTHWEST AFRICA AND THE ANGLO-GERMAN RIVALRY, 1883-1915. A Thesis Presented to the Department of History and the Faculty of the Graduate College University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts University of Nebraska at Omaha by Matthew Erin Plowman July 1995 UMI Number: EP73073 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI Blsaartalibn Publish*rig UMI EP73073 Published by ProQuest LLC (2015). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. -
The Transformation of the Lutheran Church in Namibia
W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 5-2009 The Transformation of the Lutheran Church in Namibia Katherine Caufield Arnold College of William and Mary Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Arnold, Katherine Caufield, "The rT ansformation of the Lutheran Church in Namibia" (2009). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 251. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/251 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Introduction Although we kept the fire alive, I well remember somebody telling me once, “We have been waiting for the coming of our Lord. But He is not coming. So we will wait forever for the liberation of Namibia.” I told him, “For sure, the Lord will come, and Namibia will be free.” -Pastor Zephania Kameeta, 1989 On June 30, 1971, risking persecution and death, the African leaders of the two largest Lutheran churches in Namibia1 issued a scathing “Open Letter” to the Prime Minister of South Africa, condemning both South Africa’s illegal occupation of Namibia and its implementation of a vicious apartheid system. It was the first time a church in Namibia had come out publicly against the South African government, and after the publication of the “Open Letter,” Anglican and Roman Catholic churches in Namibia reacted with solidarity. -
National Reconciliation and the Land Question in Namibia
CCK-7 INSTITUTE OF CURRENT WORLD AFFAIRS National reconciliation and the land uestion in Namibla Casey C. Kelso c/o Woker Travel P.O.Box 211 Windhoek, Namibia April 30, 1992 Peter Bird Martin Executive Director Institute of Current World Affairs 4 West Wheel ock Street Hanover, New Hampshire, USA 03755 Dear Peter: Post-war reconciliation in Namibia and its opposite can fleetingly appear in small, almost unnoticeable interactions on the streets of Namibia's capital city of Windhoek. These seemingly insignificant actions reveal a great deal about the mixed progress in changing basic attitudes that underlie relations between 85,000 whites and 1.3 million blacks in a country fostered under the apartheid racism of South Africa. Some of the spontaneous reactions of Namibia's people encourage me. A yellow Opel Kadette stalls on Independence Avenue, the city's busiest street, during the lunch-hour rush. A young white man leaps off the curb to help the black driver push his disabled vehicle into a parking spot a few yards away. In the bustle outside a large office building a few blocks down the avenue, a gray-haired, pale-skinned matron in a long green dress and pearls pauses as she walks past a black beggar sitting on the pavement. The miserable man stretches out his hand clutching a cup. He hopefully rattles it, but she quickly disappears into a "take-away" food shop a few doors down. Both his hand and head fall back into a despondent huddle. The woman is back moments later with a yellow plastic bag full of food. -
Restoration of the Land to Its Rightful Owners
WORKERS REVOLUTIONARY PARTY DRAFT PROPOSAL TO THE WORKING PEOPLE OF NAMIBIA AND SOUTHERN AFRICA FOR THE RESTORATION OF THE LAND TO ITS RIGHTFUL OWNERS OUR POSITION In 1884. the German Reich. illegally in terms of international law. colonised independent nations which already held their own demarcated lands under their own laws. lt had nothing to do with ancestrallands.lt was their own property in law and natural reality. Marxist Considerations on the Crisis: Nothing that occurred from 1884 to 1990 in the colonisation of Namibia has legalised the expropriation of lands of the occupied Part 1 peoples. We say that legality must be restored before there can be by Balazs Nagy Published for Workers International by Socialist talk of the rule of law. The nations of Namibia are entitled to the restoration of their expropriated lands. Studies, isbn 978 0 9564319 3 6 Cognisant of the fundamental changes in Namibian society in terms of economic and social classes. in particular rural and urban The Hungarian Marxist BALAZS NAGY originally planned workers. brought by colonialism and capitalism. the WRP calls for this work as 'an article explaining the great economic crisis a National Conference of all interested parties (classes) to put their which erupted in 2007 from a Marxist point of view'. respective positions for debate and democratic decision. lt is in the interest of the working class and poor peasantry in However, he 'quite quickly realised that a deeper particular to neutralise the propaganda advantage which imperial understanding of this development would only be possible ism holds over land reform through the perversion of "expropriation if I located it within a broader historical and political without compensation" by black middle classes. -
Customary and Legislative Aspects of Land Registration and Management on Communal Land in Namibia
Communal land in Namibia: a free for all Customary and legislative aspects of land registration and management on communal land in Namibia John Mendelsohn (RAISON – Research & Information Services of Namibia) December 2008 Report prepared for the Ministry of Land & Resettlement and the Rural Poverty Reduction Programme of the European Union Contents Summary_________________________________________________________3 Abbreviations and definitions_________________________________________5 Acknowledgements_________________________________________________5 Introduction_______________________________________________________6 Methods__________________________________________________________7 Functioning and structure of traditional authorities ________________________9 Recommendations___________________________________________14 Customary land registration _________________________________________14 Misunderstandings, confusions and objections_____________________15 Focus on higher levels of traditional authority ____________________17 Other aspects_______________________________________________18 Recommendations___________________________________________19 The management of communal land___________________________________22 Access to land ______________________________________________22 Inheritance_________________________________________________23 Commonages_______________________________________________25 The capture of land values by the elite ___________________________26 Recommendations___________________________________________29 APPENDICES -
A Reader in Namibian Politics
State, Society and Democracy A Reader in Namibian Politics Edited by Christiaan Keulder Macmillan Education Namibia Publication of this book was made possible by the generous support of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. The views expressed by the authors are not necessarily the views of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. Konrad Adenauer Stiftung P.O.Box 1145, Windhoek Namibia Tel: +264 61 225568 Fax: +264 61 225678 www.kas.de/namibia © Konrad Adenauer Stiftung & individual authors, 2010 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. Language editing by Sandie Fitchat Cover image by Melody Futter First published 2000 Reprinted 2010 Macmillan Education Namibia (Pty) Ltd P O Box 22830 Windhoek Namibia ISBN 978 99916 0265 3 Printed by John Meinert Printing, Windhoek, Namibia State, Society and Democracy Contents Acknowledgements ........................................................................................ vii List of Contributors ...................................................................................... viii List of Abbreviations ........................................................................................ix Introduction Christiaan Keulder ..............................................................................................1 -
Indigenous Peoples' Rights in Southern Africa
IWGIA INDIGENOUS PEOPLES’ RIGHTS IN INDIGENOUS PEOPLES’ RIGHTS SOUTHERN AFRICA IN SOUTHERN AFRICA Robert K. Hitchcock and Diana Vinding (Eds) This book is concerned with the first peo- ples (those people who are considered INDIGENOUS PEOPLES’ RIGHTS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA indigenous by themselves and others) of southern Africa such as the San, the Nama, and the Khoi, and their rights. It analyses the civil and political rights situation, assessing the extent to which these people benefit from such rights as compared to the wider society. The rights to land and to natural resources – or the lack of them – are an important focus of exploration and the book gives several examples of what the loss of these rights has meant for the existence and cultural identity of southern Africa’s indigenous men and women. Other themes addressed in the book are community-based natural resource management, education and the efforts being made in general by indigenous groups and their supporters to defend and promote indigenous rights. INTERNATIONAL WORK 1 GROUP FOR INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS IWGIA 2 INDIGENOUS PEOPLES’ RIGHTS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA Edited by Robert Hitchcock and Diana Vinding IWGIA Document No. 110 - Copenhagen 2004 3 INDIGENOUS PEOPLES’ RIGHTS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA Editors: Robert K. Hitchcock and Diana Vinding Copyright: IWGIA 2004 – All Rights Reserved Cover design, typesetting and maps: Jorge Monrás Proofreading: Elaine Bolton Prepress and Print: Eks/Skolens Trykkeri, Copenhagen, Denmark ISBN: 87-91563-08-9 Distribution in North America: Transaction Publishers 390 Campus Drive / Somerset, New Jersey 08873 www.transactionpub.com INTERNATIONAL WORK GROUP FOR INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS Classensgade 11 E, DK 2100 - Copenhagen, Denmark Tel: (45) 35 27 05 00 - Fax: (45) 35 27 05 07 E-mail: [email protected] - Web: www.iwgia.org 4 This book has been produced with financial support from the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs 5 CONTENTS Introduction Robert K. -
The Homecoming of Ovaherero and Nama Skulls: Overriding Politics And
i i i The homecoming of Ovaherero and i Nama skulls: overriding politics and injustices HUMAN REMAINS & VIOLENCE Vilho Amukwaya Shigwedha The University of Namibia [email protected] Abstract In October 2011, twenty skulls of the Herero and Nama people were repatriated from Germany to Namibia. So far, y-ve skulls and two human skeletons have been repatriated to Namibia and preparations for the return of more skulls from Germany were at an advanced stage at the time of writing this article. Nonetheless, the skulls and skeletons that were returned from Germany in the past have been disappointingly laden with complexities and politics, to such an extent that they have not yet been handed over to their respective communities for mourning and burials. In this context, this article seeks to investigate the practice of ‘anonymis- ing’ the presence of human remains in society by exploring the art and politics of the Namibian state’s memory production and sanctioning in enforcing restrictions on the aected communities not to perform, as they wish, their cultural and ritual practices for the remains of their ancestors. Key words: Skulls, Herero, Nama, genocide, Germany, Namibia Introduction Until 1919, today’s Namibia was ocially the colony of German South West Africa (GSWA). This came as a result of the 1884/85 Berlin Conference, which formally recognised Germany’s right to operate in and colonise the territory that it renamed GSWA.1 German colonial occupation of this territory, which was renamed Namibia in 1968, lasted from 1885 until 1919, when Imperial Germany was defeated in the First World War and subsequently lost her colonies in Africa. -
Caprivi Environmental Profile Project
•24 MCU7 . IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre Tel,:+31 70 30 669 80 Fax: +31 70 36 899 64 Caprivi Environmental Profile Project Information and literature resources Directorate of Environmental Affairs Ministry of Environment and Tourism I I Preface I The data available on the Caprivi cover the region from the 21 °E line of longitude, i.e. the Caprivi (Iiambezi) Region described in Proclamation 6 of 1992. The data were collected from various sources and using different methods. Copies of I die data are available in unprojected latitudes and longitudes in Arc View shape files (*.shp). Other data are available as MS Excel files (*.xls). Besides these digital data, there are satellite images, aerial photographs and a bibliography available on the Caprivi. The data can be I obtained from the Environmental Profiles Project in the Directorate of Environmental Affairs either copied on to regular 1.4 Mb disks, written to CD, or sent by e-mail. We hope to make the data available at a web/ftp site in the near future. I Information compiled by the Environmental Profiles Project is freely available while that derived from other sources can be used after getting permission from those organizations. The information is available at no cost in the spirit that human development I is stimulated by the unrestricted flow of information. I Environmental Profiles Project Directorate of Environmental Affairs I PI Bag 13306 Windhoek Tel: +264 +61 +249015 I Fax: +264 +61 +240339 I E -mail: mendelso @ Windhoek, alt. na I I I I I I I LIBRARY IRC PO Box 93190, 2509 AD THE HAGUE Tel.: +31 70 30 689 80 Fax: +31 70 35 899 64 I BARCODE: / u g A q LO: ^ I I ' Contents Physical environment I Climate (Aclimate) 4 Rainfall, temperature, humidity and evaporation data for weather stations in and around Caprivi (data available with permission). -
Genocide: the Namibian Case Against Germany
Pace International Law Review Volume 5 Issue 1 Article 6 January 1993 Genocide: The Namibian Case against Germany Lynn Berat Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/pilr Recommended Citation Lynn Berat, Genocide: The Namibian Case against Germany, 5 Pace Int'l L. Rev. 165 (1993) Available at: https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/pilr/vol5/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Law at DigitalCommons@Pace. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pace International Law Review by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Pace. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW ARTICLE GENOCIDE: THE NAMIBIAN CASE AGAINST GERMANY Lynn Beratt INTRODUCTION When Namibia became independent in 1990, after more than a century of colonial rule' - first by Germany and then by South Africa - it joined the wave of democratizations sweeping the globe.2 While the new government urged a spirit of reconcili- ation upon the populace3 especially with regard to the country's South African neighbors, many Namibians could not forget the suffering inflicted upon them and their ancestors by the former colonizers. This brought to the fore the question, shared by many in new democracies, of how to treat human rights viola- t Lynn Berat, B.A. New York University 1980; J.D. University of Texas 1983; Ph.D. in African Legal History, Yale University 1988. Member of the Texas Bar. In 1988, Dr. Berat joined the Ford Foundation as a Consultant on South African and Namibian Projects for the Foundation's Developing Countries Program.