Companies Act 2006

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Companies Act 2006 c i e AT 13 of 2006 COMPANIES ACT 2006 Companies Act 2006 Index c i e COMPANIES ACT 2006 Index Section Page PART I – INCORPORATION AND STATUS OF COMPANIES 11 CHAPTER 1 - INCORPORATION 11 1 Types of company ......................................................................................................... 11 2 Application to incorporate a company ...................................................................... 11 3 Incorporation of a company ........................................................................................ 12 4 Subscribers become members of the company on incorporation .......................... 12 CHAPTER 2 - MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES 12 5 Memorandum................................................................................................................ 12 6 Power to prescribe model articles .............................................................................. 13 7 Effect of memorandum and articles ........................................................................... 14 8 Amendment of memorandum and articles ............................................................... 14 9 Filing of notice of amendment of memorandum or articles ................................... 15 10 Provision of copies of memorandum and articles to members .............................. 15 CHAPTER 3 - COMPANY NAMES 15 11 Required part of company name ................................................................................ 15 12 Requirement for name approval ................................................................................ 16 13 Foreign character name ................................................................................................ 16 14 Company may change name ....................................................................................... 16 15 [Repealed] ...................................................................................................................... 17 16 [Repealed] ...................................................................................................................... 17 17 [Repealed] ...................................................................................................................... 17 18 [Repealed] ...................................................................................................................... 17 19 Use of company name .................................................................................................. 17 CHAPTER 4 - CAPACITY AND POWERS 17 20 Separate legal entity ..................................................................................................... 17 21 Capacity ......................................................................................................................... 17 22 Power of directors to bind the company ................................................................... 18 23 Personal liability ........................................................................................................... 18 24 Constructive notice ....................................................................................................... 18 c AT 13 of 2006 Page 3 Index Companies Act 2006 PART II – SHARES 19 CHAPTER 1 - GENERAL 19 25 Application of this Part................................................................................................ 19 26 Legal nature of shares .................................................................................................. 19 27 Rights attaching to shares ........................................................................................... 19 28 Types of shares ............................................................................................................. 19 29 Par value and no par value shares ............................................................................. 20 30 Prohibition on bearer shares ....................................................................................... 20 31 Fractional shares ........................................................................................................... 20 32 Alteration of share capital ........................................................................................... 21 33 Share certificates ........................................................................................................... 21 CHAPTER 2 - ISSUE OF SHARES 22 34 Issue of shares ............................................................................................................... 22 35 Power to pay commissions ......................................................................................... 22 36 Pre-emptive rights ........................................................................................................ 22 37 Consideration for shares ............................................................................................. 23 38 Shares issued for consideration other than money ................................................. 23 39 Consent to issue of shares ........................................................................................... 23 40 Time of issue ................................................................................................................. 23 41 Lien on shares ............................................................................................................... 23 42 Calls on shares .............................................................................................................. 24 43 Forfeiture of shares ...................................................................................................... 25 44 Variation of class rights ............................................................................................... 25 45 Offering documents ..................................................................................................... 26 CHAPTER 3 - TRANSFER OF SHARES 27 46 Transferability of shares .............................................................................................. 27 47 Method of transfer of shares ....................................................................................... 28 48 Transfer of securities without a written instrument ............................................... 28 PART III – DISTRIBUTIONS 30 49 Meaning of “solvency test” and “distribution” ....................................................... 30 50 Distributions ................................................................................................................. 30 51 Recovery of distributions made when company did not satisfy solvency test .................................................................................................................................. 30 52 Company may purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire its own shares ............... 31 53 Process for purchase redemption or other acquisition of own shares .................. 31 54 Offer to one or more shareholders ............................................................................. 32 55 Redemption of shares .................................................................................................. 33 56 Effect of company’s failure to purchase, redeem or acquire own shares ............. 33 57 Dividends ...................................................................................................................... 34 58 Reduction of share capital ........................................................................................... 34 Treasury shares 35 58A Power to permit the holding of treasury shares ...................................................... 35 Page 4 AT 13 of 2006 c Companies Act 2006 Index PART IV – MEMBERS 35 59 Meaning of “shareholder”, “guarantee member” and “unlimited member” ...... 35 60 Company to have one or more members .................................................................. 36 61 Liability of members..................................................................................................... 36 62 Register of members ..................................................................................................... 37 63 Register of members as evidence of legal title .......................................................... 37 64 Rectification of register of members .......................................................................... 38 65 Members’ resolutions ................................................................................................... 38 66 Votes of members ......................................................................................................... 39 67 Meetings of members ................................................................................................... 39 68 Notice of meetings of members .................................................................................. 40 69 Quorum for meetings of members ............................................................................. 40 70 Court may call meeting of members .......................................................................... 41 71 Written resolutions ....................................................................................................... 41 72 Service of notices on members .................................................................................... 41 PART V – COMPANY ADMINISTRATION 42 73 Registered office ...........................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • COMPANIES ACT 1965 Incorporating Latest Amendments Act A1118/2001 First Enacted : 1965 (Act No
    LAWS OF MALAYSIA Act 125 COMPANIES ACT 1965 Incorporating latest amendments Act A1118/2001 First Enacted : 1965 (Act No. 79 of 1965) Revised : 1973 (Act 125 w.e.f. 14 December 1973) ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS PART I PRELIMINARY Section 1. Short title Section 2. (Omitted) Section 3. Repeals Section 4. Interpretation Section 5. Definition of subsidiary and holding company Section 5A. Definition of ultimate holding company Section 5B. Definition of wholly-owned subsidiary Section 6. When corporations deemed to be related to each other Section 6A.Interests in shares PART II ADMINISTRATION OF ACT Section 7. Registrar of Companies, etc. Section 7A. Power of Minister to exempt from payment of fees Section 7B. Power to conduct inspection Section 7C. Power to conduct investigation Section 7D.PPower to call for examination Section 8. Company auditors and liquidators to be approved by Minister charged with responsibility for finance Section 9. Company auditors Section 10. Disqualification of liquidators Section 11. Registers Section 11A. Electronic filing of documents Section 12. Enforcement of duty to make returns Section 13. Relodging of lost registered documents PART III CONSTITUTION OF COMPANIES DIVISION 1 INCORPORATION Section 14. Formation of companies Section 14A Prohibition of registration of company limited by guarantee with a share capital Section 15. Private company Section 16. Registration and incorporation Section 17. Membership of holding company Section 18. Requirements as to memorandum DIVISION 2 POWERS Section 19. Powers of a company Section 20. Ultra vires transactions Section 21. General provisions as to alteration of memorandum Section 22. Names of companies Section 23. Change of name Section 24.
    [Show full text]
  • Companies Act 2006, Section 899 Is up to Date with All Changes Known to Be in Force on Or Before 19 August 2021
    Changes to legislation: Companies Act 2006, Section 899 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 19 August 2021. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations. (See end of Document for details) View outstanding changes Companies Act 2006 2006 CHAPTER 46 F1 PART 26 [F1ARRANGEMENTS AND RECONSTRUCTIONS: GENERAL] Court sanction for compromise or arrangement 899 Court sanction for compromise or arrangement (1) If a majority in number representing 75% in value of the creditors or class of creditors or members or class of members (as the case may be), present and voting either in person or by proxy at the meeting summoned under section 896, agree a compromise or arrangement, the court may, on an application under this section, sanction the compromise or arrangement. [F1(1A) Subsection (1) is subject to section 899A (moratorium debts, etc).] (2) An application under this section may be made by— (a) the company, (b) any creditor or member of the company, (c) if the company is being wound up or an administration order is in force in relation it, the liquidator or administrator. [F2(c) if the company is being wound up, the liquidator, or (d) if the company is in administration, the administrator.] (3) A compromise or [F3arrangement] sanctioned by the court is binding on— (a) all creditors or the class of creditors or on the members or class of members (as the case may be), and (b) the company or, in the case of a company in the course of being wound up, the liquidator and contributories of the company.
    [Show full text]
  • Company Law I 2008 - 2009
    1 COMPANY LAW I 2008 - 2009 SEMESTER ONE - LECTURE OUTLINE I AN OVERVIEW OF OUR COMPANY LAW COURSE Semester One: . Choice of Business Organisation & Company Registration . Separate Corporate Legal Personality . Corporate Governance: Distribution of power between board of directors and shareholders’ general meeting and executives and non executive directors . Directors’ Duties . Minority Shareholder Protection Semester Two . Agency and Company Capacity: Who can bind the Company to a Contract, or make it liable in Tort or Criminal Law? . Capital – shares, loans, and markets in shares. Take-overs and Mergers of PLC’s . Insolvency and Dissolution of Companies: especially liability of directors. Choice of Business Structure Aim: o To set the context and help you to understand the key features of the main structures and issues in choosing between business structures. Reading: Davies and Gower, Chapters 1 & 2 Hicks and Goo 6th edition pp 33-77 gives an idea of the development of a business – especially the story on pages 33-40. Pages 41-77 provide the relevant documents for the company in the story. Pages 91-94 outline some of the choices for those setting up a small business. See G. Morse, Partnership Law (Blackstone) 6th Edition (2006) chapters 1 and 9 for a little more detail on partnerships. Blackett Ord Partnership, Butterworths, 2002 Chapter 1 pp 1-5; Chap 2 pp 10-34 & Chapter 10, 11, 16, 20 & 21 is good for reference or if you are particularly interested in going more deeply into partnership law. NOTE: Companies Act 2006 changes the documentation of company constitutions. It makes the Memorandum of Association a document with few details in it which is lodged when the company is registered.
    [Show full text]
  • Companies Act
    CAYMAN ISLANDS COMPANIES ACT (2021 Revision) Supplement No. 8 published with Legislation Gazette No. 4 of 12th January, 2021. PUBLISHING DETAILS Cap. 22 [Law 3 of 1961 and 12 of 1962] of the 1963 Revised Edition of the Laws consolidated with Laws 12 of 1962, 9 of 1966, 1 of 1971, 7 of 1973, 24 of 1974, 25 of 1975, 19 of 1977, 16 of 1978, 6 of 1980, 21 of 1981, 34 of 1983, 2 of 1984, 22 of 1984, 15 of 1985, 38 of 1985, 24 of 1987, 14 of 1988, 14 of 1989, 10 of 1990, 3 of 1991, 23 of 1991 (part), 11 of 1992, 3 of 1993, 23 of 1993, 33 of 1993, 2 of 1994, 8 of 1994, 14 of 1996, 26 of 1997, 4 of 1998, 6 of 1998, 20 of 1998 (part), 5 of 1999, 7 of 2000 (part), 5 of 2001, 10 of 2001, 29 of 2001, 46 of 2001, 22 of 2002, 26 of 2002, 28 of 2003, 13 of 2006, 15 of 2007, 12 of 2009, 33 of 2009, 37 of 2010, 16 of 2011, 29 of 2011, 6 of 2012, 14 of 2012, 29 of 2012, 1 of 2013, 6 of 2013, 14 of 2015, 3 of 2016, 2 of 2017, 42 of 2017, 37 of 2018, 46 of 2018, 10 of 2019, 56 of 2020 and the Companies (Amendment of Schedule) Order, 2011, Schedule 4 of the Companies Law Departmental Notice, 2015 and Schedule 4 of the Companies Law Departmental Notice, 2017. Revised under the authority of the Law Revision Act (2020 Revision).
    [Show full text]
  • Unfair Prejudice Petitions- Lessons to Be Learnt and Recent Development
    UNFAIR PREJUDICE PETITIONS – LESSONS TO BE LEARNT AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS When entering into a corporate relationship, few contemplate an If unavoidable, you may need to consider making them a fair acrimonious split some years down the line. Even with carefully offer for their shares. documented agreements, including exit provisions, relationships Valuation: Unfair prejudice disputes are costly, time can turn sour and expectations may not be met. Whether a majority consuming and often involve “airing dirty laundry in public”. As or a minority investor, it is important to understand the remedy of the petitioner’s goal is likely to be a share buyout, consider unfair prejudice both to ensure you can best guard against it and whether it is possible to value the shares and make an early utilise it should the need arise. offer to buy the minority’s shares. This will involve seeking early expert advice on the value of the shares. Whilst there are a number of causes of action for aggrieved shareholders, we are seeing an increased use of the statutory Resolution: A straightforward valuation of the petitioner’s protection afforded for unfair prejudice, notwithstanding it being an shares might give rise to difficulty. There may be other issues expensive and fraught process. This is often a process called upon that need to be determined first before a valuation can be to bring the relationship to an end but is equally an effective tool carried out, such as what adjustments should be made to to take control of a company or ensure that conduct is regulated reflect any breaches of duty by the majority shareholders.
    [Show full text]
  • The Companies Act 1985 and the Companies Act 2006 ______
    THE COMPANIES ACT 1985 AND THE COMPANIES ACT 2006 __________ A COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE AND NOT HAVING A SHARE CAPITAL __________ ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION OF CAMBRIDGE WIRELESS LIMITED ___________ PRELIMINARY 1. The regulations contained in Table A in the Schedule to the Companies (Tables A to F) Regulations 1985 as amended by the Companies (Tables A to F) (Amendment) Regulations 1985, the Companies Act 1985 (Electronic Communications) Order 2000, the Companies (Tables A to F) (Amendment) Regulations 2007 and the Companies (Tables A to F) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2007 do not apply to the company. 2. In these articles — “the Act” means the Companies Act 1985 including any statutory modification or re- enactment thereof for the time being in force and any provisions of the Companies Act 2006 for the time being in force. “the articles” means the articles of the company. "the Company" means Cambridge Wireless Limited. “clear days” in relation to the period of a notice means that period excluding the day when the notice is given or deemed to be given and the day for which it is given or on which it is to take effect. "communication" means the same as in the Electronic Communications Act 2000. "electronic communication" means the same as in the Electronic Communications Act 2000. “executed” includes any mode of execution. "guarantor" means those individuals, companies or organisations that have agreed in writing to contribute £1 towards the liabilities of the company. “office” means the registered office of the company. “secretary” means the secretary of the company or any other person appointed to perform the duties of the secretary of the company, including a joint, assistant or deputy secretary.
    [Show full text]
  • The Development of English Company Law Before 1900
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Turner, John D. Working Paper The development of English company law before 1900 QUCEH Working Paper Series, No. 2017-01 Provided in Cooperation with: Queen's University Centre for Economic History (QUCEH), Queen's University Belfast Suggested Citation: Turner, John D. (2017) : The development of English company law before 1900, QUCEH Working Paper Series, No. 2017-01, Queen's University Centre for Economic History (QUCEH), Belfast This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/149911 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu QUCEH WORKING PAPER SERIES http://www.quceh.org.uk/working-papers THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENGLISH COMPANY LAW BEFORE 1900 John D.
    [Show full text]
  • Rise and Fall of the Ultra Vires Doctrine in United States, United Kingdom, and Commonwealth Caribbean Corporate Common Law: a Triumph of Experience Over Logic
    DePaul Business and Commercial Law Journal Volume 5 Issue 1 Fall 2006 Article 4 Rise and Fall of the Ultra Vires Doctrine in United States, United Kingdom, and Commonwealth Caribbean Corporate Common Law: A Triumph of Experience Over Logic Stephen J. Leacock Follow this and additional works at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/bclj Recommended Citation Stephen J. Leacock, Rise and Fall of the Ultra Vires Doctrine in United States, United Kingdom, and Commonwealth Caribbean Corporate Common Law: A Triumph of Experience Over Logic, 5 DePaul Bus. & Com. L.J. 67 (2006) Available at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/bclj/vol5/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Law at Via Sapientiae. It has been accepted for inclusion in DePaul Business and Commercial Law Journal by an authorized editor of Via Sapientiae. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Rise and Fall of the Ultra Vires Doctrine in United States, United Kingdom, and Commonwealth Caribbean Corporate Common Law: A Triumph of Experience Over Logic Stephen J.Leacock* "Pure logical thinking cannot yield us any knowledge of the empiri- cal world; all knowledge of reality starts from experience and ends in it."1 2 I. INTRODUCTION In free market3 economies, corporate laws change over time. More- over, experience has taught us that some legislative enactments, when * Professor of Law, Barry University School of Law. Barrister (Hons.) 1972, Middle Temple, London; LL.M. 1971, London University, King's College; M.A. (Bus. Law) CNAA 1971, City of London Polytechnic (now London Guildhall University), London; Grad.
    [Show full text]
  • The Companies Acts 1948 to 1983
    THE COMPANIES ACTS 1948 TO 1983 THE COMPANIES ACT 1985 AND THE COMPANIES ACT 2006 A PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION of AIREA plc (Adopted by Special Resolution passed on 6th November 2009) Table A 1. The regulations contained in Table A to any Companies Act or Companies (Consolidation) Act prior to the Companies Act 1985 or the Companies Act 2006 and the regulations contained in Table A of The Companies (Tables A to F) Regulations 1985 shall not apply to the Company and these Articles alone shall constitute the regulations of the Company. Interpretation 2. In these Articles, unless the subject or context otherwise requires: 2.1 the following words have the following meaning: “these Articles” these Articles of Association, whether as originally adopted or as from time to time altered by special resolution “associated company” has the meaning given in section 256 of the Companies Act 2006 “the Auditors” the auditors for the time being of the Company “authenticated” has the meaning given in section 1146 of the Companies Act 2006 “Company” AIREA plc “Companies Act 1985” the Companies Act 1985 (as amended from time to time) “Companies Act 2006” the Companies Act 2006 (as amended from time to time) “connected” in relation to a director of the Company has the meaning given in section 252 of the lds_003\2050597\6 20 October 2017 turnersa Companies Act 2006 “the Directors” the directors for the time being of the Company or any of them duly acting as the board of directors of the Company “electronic address” any address
    [Show full text]
  • The Continuing Evolution of Proxy Representation
    The Continuing Evolution of Proxy Representation By Deirdre Ahern and Karen Maher Reprinted from the Journal of Business Law Issue 2, 2011 Sweet & Maxwell 100 Avenue Road Swiss Cottage London NW3 3PF (Law Publishers) The Continuing Evolution of Proxy Representation Deirdre Ahern Lecturer, School of Law, Trinity College Dublin Karen Maher Research Assistant, School of Law, Trinity College Dublin Proxies; Shareholders; Voting by proxy Introduction While the UK and American corporate law systems are often characterised as providing shareholder democracy, this myth is frequently debunked by commentators who highlight obstacles in the path of shareholders wishing to involve themselves in corporate governance. The separation of ownership and control in public companies is long recognised as facilitating directors in having free rein over how company affairs are managed. Leaving aside geographic and time constraints in relation to shareholder attendance at general meetings, received wisdom in corporate governance theory is that dispersed ownership typically encompasses disaffected investors who are purely focused on the dividend and capital appreciation potential of their investment and disinclined to participate in company affairs. This is compounded by the common separation of legal and beneficial ownership of shares. As every member of a company who is entitled to attend and vote at a general meeting of a company has a right to appoint a proxy on their behalf, proxy representation is sometimes trumpeted as a means of promoting shareholder democracy. The law relating to proxy representation has been evolving over the century and a half since provision for proxy voting in companies regulation began to be made in the mid-19th century.
    [Show full text]
  • Companies Act 2006 Is up to Date with All Changes Known to Be in Force on Or Before 20 August 2021
    Changes to legislation: Companies Act 2006 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 20 August 2021. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations. (See end of Document for details) View outstanding changes Companies Act 2006 CHAPTER 46 COMPANIES ACT 2006 PART 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTORY PROVISIONS Companies and Companies Acts 1 Companies 2 The Companies Acts Types of company 3 Limited and unlimited companies 4 Private and public companies 5 Companies limited by guarantee and having share capital 6 Community interest companies PART 2 COMPANY FORMATION General 7 Method of forming company 8 Memorandum of association Requirements for registration 9 Registration documents 10 Statement of capital and initial shareholdings 11 Statement of guarantee 12 Statement of proposed officers ii Companies Act 2006 (c. 46) Document Generated: 2021-08-20 Changes to legislation: Companies Act 2006 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 20 August 2021. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations. (See end of Document for details) View outstanding changes 12A Statement of initial significant control 13 Statement of compliance Registration and its effect 14 Registration 15 Issue of certificate of incorporation 16 Effect of registration PART 3 A COMPANY'S CONSTITUTION CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTORY 17 A company's
    [Show full text]
  • The Companies Acts 1948 to 2006 Private Company
    THE COMPANIES ACTS 1948 TO 2006 PRIVATE COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES NEW ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION OF CROSSRAIL LIMITED ADOPTED BY SPECIAL RESOLUTION PASSED ON 26 MARCH 2020 1. TABLE A The regulations contained in Table A in the Schedule to the Companies (Tables A to F) Regulations 1985 in force at 5 December 2008 (“Table A”) shall apply to the Company save in so far as they are excluded or varied by these Articles and such regulations (save as so excluded or varied) and these Articles shall be the regulations of the Company. 2. INTERPRETATION In these Articles and in Table A the following expressions have the following meanings unless inconsistent with the context: “these Articles” these Articles of Association, whether as originally adopted or as from time to time altered by special resolution “Companies Act 1985” the Companies Act 1985 (as amended from time to time “Companies Act 2006” the Companies Act 2006 (as amended from time to time) “the directors” the directors for the time being of the Company or (as the context shall require) any of them acting as the board of directors of the Company “electronic address” any address or number used for the purposes of sending or receiving documents or information by electronic means “electronic form” and have the meaning given in section 1168 of the “electronic means” Companies Act 2006 “hard copy form” has the meaning given in section 1168 of the Companies Act 2006 “the holder” in relation to shares means the member whose name is entered in the register of members as the holder of the shares “office”
    [Show full text]