The Daruma-Shii, Dbgen, and Sdtb Zen
The Daruma-shii, Dbgen, and Sdtb Zen OSAI (or Eisai) %pi,1141-1215, and Dogen SZ, 1200-1253, are tradi- tionally considered the first Buddhist monks to have introduced Zen to Y Japan. Ddgen, in particular, has been lavishly praised as the founder of the Soto %@Isect and, more recently, as one of the greatest Japanese thinkers. His role has been reevaluated in postwar scholarship, and numerous studies have examined different aspects of his thought and personality. Such an emphasis on Ddgen's life and thought neglects the ideological purposes behind his accepted image; it obscures, in fact, the history of Japanese Bud- dhism. Traditions, in Husserl's words, are 'a forgetting of the origin'. It has become clear in recent years that Dogen's role cannot be properly understood without taking into account the existence of the so-called Bodhidharma School, or Daruma-shu gE%.This school, allegedly founded by a little-known figure called Dainichi Nonin kEIBEZ,who flourished toward the end of the twelfth century, had reached a wide audience by the beginning of the Kamakura period, and for that reason became increasingly unpopular among the Buddhist establishment.' It was perceived as a powerful rival by the Kamakura 'new sects', and more particularly by the Zen and Nichiren schools. This led to a repression that eventually brought an end to the Daruma-shu as a formal school, but this did not eradicate its influence on Japanese Bud- THE AUTHORis assistant professor in the from this tradition, and it does not seem Department of Asian Studies, Cornell necessary to draw an overly clear-cut distinc- University.
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