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34 European Forest Types: Tree Species Matrix

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34 European Forest Types: Tree Species Matrix M. Pividori, F. Giannetti,A.Barbati,G.Chirici M. Pividori,F. European ForestTypes:treespeciesmatrix of whicharedivided intosub-types.Forevery EFTthepresence types,some counting 14broadcategorieswhich include78forest presented as proposed and revised by Barbati andcolleagues presented asproposedandrevised by 34 coniferous forest forest coniferous andmixedbroadleaved- coniferous andnemoral 2. Hemiborealforest 1. Borealforest 14. Introducedtreespeciesforest aspen forest birch,or 13. Nonriverinealder, 12. Floodplainforest 11. Mireandswampforest Macaronesian regions Mediterranean, Anatolianand ofthe forests 10. Coniferous 9. Broadleavedevergreenforest 8. Thermophilousdeciduousforest 7. Mountainousbeechforest 6. Beechforest 5. Mesophyticdeciduousforest forest 4. Acidophilousoakandoak-birch forest 3. Alpineconiferous In this table the European Forest Types (EFTs) scheme is In thistabletheEuropeanForest Types(EFTs) CATEGORY 10.11 Mediterraneanyewstands articulatastands 10.10 Tetraclinis 10.9 Cedarforest 10.8 Cypressforest 10.7 Juniperforest 10.6 MediterraneanandAnatolianfirforest 10.5 Alti-Mediterraneanpineforest 10.4 MediterraneanandAnatolianScotspineforest 10.3 Canarianpineforest 10.2.2 AnatolianBlackpineforest 10.2.1 MediterraneanBlackpineforest -Pinuspinea 10.1.3 Mediterraneanpineforest -Pinushalepensis 10.1.2 Mediterraneanpineforest -Pinuspinaster 10.1.1 Mediterraneanpineforest 9.5 Othersclerophlyllousforests 9.4 Macaronesianlaurisilva groves 9.3 Palm 9.2 Olive-carobforest 9.1 Mediterraneanevergreenoakforest 8.8.8 Horsechestnutandwalnutmixedwoods 8.8.7 Celtisaustralisforest spp.)forest 8.8.6 Mediterraneanlime(Tilia 8.8.5 Thermophilousmaple(Acerspp.)forest 8.8.4 Orientalhornbeam(Carpinusorientalis)forest forest 8.8.3 Hop-hornbeam(Ostryacarpinifolia) forest ornusandOstryacarpinifolia 8.8.2 Fraxinus 8.8.1 Thermophilousashforest 8.7 Chestnutforest oakforest 8.6 Valonia 8.5 Macedonianoakforest oakIberianforest 8.4 PortugueseoakandMirbeck’s 8.3 Pyreneanoakforest oak,HungarianoakandSessileforest 8.2 Turkey -steppe oakforest 8.1.4 Downy -Greek,Anatolian oakforest 8.1.3 Downy -Italian oakforest 8.1.2 Downy -western oakforest 8.1.1 Downy 7.8 Orientalbeechandhornbeam-orientalforest 7.7 Crimeanmountainousbeechforest 7.6 Moesianmountainousbeechforest 7.5 Carpathianmountainousbeechforest 7.4 Illyrianmountainousbeechforest 7.3 Apennine-Corsicanmountainousbeechforest 7.2 CentralEuropeanmountainousbeechforest 7.1 SouthwesternEuropeanmountainousbeechforest 6.7 Moesiansubmountainousbeechforest 6.6 Illyriansubmountainousbeechforest 6.5 Carpathiansubmountainousbeechforest 6.4 CentralEuropeansubmountainousbeechforest 6.3 Subatlanticsubmountainousbeechforest beechforest 6.2 Atlanticandsubatlanticlowland ofsouthernScandinaviaandnorthcentralEurope beechforest 6.1 Lowland 5.9 Othermesophyticdeciduousforests 5.8 Ravineandslopeforest 5.7 Limeforest 5.6 Maple-limeforest 5.5 Lime-oakforest 5.4 Maple-oakforest uplands 5.3.2 Ashwoodandoak-ashforest lowlands 5.3.1 Ashwoodandoak-ashforest 5.2 Sessileoak–hornbeamforest 5.1 Pedunculateoak–hornbeamforest 4.2 Oak-birchforest 4.1 Acidophilousoakwood 3.4 Mountainousbirchforest 3.3 AlpineScotspineandBlackforest 3.2 Subalpineandmountainoussprucemixedspruce-silverfirforest 3.1 Subalpinelarch-arollapineanddwarfforest 2.8 Nemoralsilverfir 2.7 Atlanticmaritimepineforest 2.6 MixedScotspine-pedunculateoakforest 2.5 MixedScotspine-birchforest 2.4 NemoralBlackpineforest 2.3 Nemoralspruceforest 2.2 NemoralScotspineforest 2.1 Hemiborealforest 1.2 Pineandpine-birchborealforest 1.1 Spruceandspruce-birchborealforest 13.4 Aspen forest 13.4 Aspenforest 13.3 Birchforest 13.2 Italianalderforest 13.1 Alderforest 12.3 MediterraneanandMacaronesianriparianforest 12.2 Fluvialforest 12.1 Riparianforest 11.6 Aspenswampforest 11.5 Pedunculateoakswampforest 11.4 Birchswampforest 11.3 Alderswampforest 11.2 Pinemireforest 11.1 Sprucemireforest FOREST TYPE FOREST 1-3 , categorized in three classes: the species is abundant and dominantis abundant the species categorized in threeclasses: is broadleaved andalientrees.The speciespresenceintheEFTs groups: conifers, main separated into three evaluated, has been interest inEurope of themaintreeandshrubspecies offorest CONIFERS Abies nordmanniana Abies alba Abies borisii-regi Abies others Picea abies Picea omorika Larix decidua Pinus pinaster Pinus nigra Pinus sylvestris Pinus mugo Pinus halepensis Pinus pinea Pinus cembra Pinus canariensis Pinus heldreichii Pinus peuce Cupressus sempervirens Cedrus libani Cedrus brevifolia Juniperus communis Juniperus oxycedrus Juniperus phoenicea Juniperus thurifera and secondary in some cases. It has to be taken into accountthat and secondary in somecases.Ithastobetaken thepresenceinEFTisboth dominant conditions oftheEFT; or predominantbutinpeculiar andnotcharacteristicecological thespeciespresenceinEFTiseither secondary in theEFT; Juniperus sp. Tetraclinis articulata Taxus baccata BROADLEAVES Salix fragilis Salix alba Salix cinerea Salix atrocinerea Salix caprea Salix eleagnos Populus alba Populus canescens Populus tremula Populus nigra Myrica faya Juglans regia Betula pubescens Betula pendula Alnus viridis Alnus glutinosa Alnus incana Alnus cordata Alnus orientalis Carpinus betulus Carpinus orientalis Ostrya carpinifolia Corylus avellana Fagus sylvatica European Atlas of Forest Tree Species | Introduction Fagus moesiaca Fagus orientalis Castanea sativa Quercus coccifera Quercus ilex Quercus suber Quercus trojana Quercus cerris Quercus cerroides Quercus petraea Quercus robur Quercus frainetto Quercus pyrenaica Quercus pubescens Quercus faginea Quercus ithaburensis Quercus macrolepis Ulmus minor Ulmus grabra Ulmus laevis Celtis australis Aesculus ippocastanus Laurus nobilis Platanus orientalis Pyrus pyraster Pyrus communis Malus sylvestris Malus domestica Sorbus domestica Sorbus aucuparia Sorbus torminalis Sorbus aria Crataegus laevigata Crataegus monogyna Prunus cerasifera Prunus spinosa Prunus avium Prunus mahaleb Prunus padus Prunus lusitanica Cercis siliquastrum Ceratonia siliqua Pistacia terebinthus Acer platanoides Acer campestre Acer tataricum Acer sempervirens Acer pseudoplatanus Acer opalus Acer monspessulanum Ilex aquifolium Euonymus europaeus Buxus sempervirens Rhamnus alaternus Rhamnus frangula Tilia tomentosa Tilia cordata Tilia platyphyllos Tamarix sp. Cornus sanguinea Cornus mas Erica arborea Erica scoparia Arbutus unedo Fraxinus ornus Fraxinus excelsior Fraxinus angustifolia Olea europaea Phillyrea latifolia Sambucus nigra ALIENS Pseudotsuga menziesii Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Tsuga heterophylla Picea sitchensis Larix kaempferi Pinus contorta Pinus strobus Pinus radiata Populus hyb. Quercus rubra Quercus palustris Robinia pseudoacacia Ailanthus altissima Eucalyptus sp. Prunus serotina Acer negundo Species is dominant in that forest type References [1] A. Barbati, P. Corona, M. Marchetti, Plant [2] A. Barbati, P. Corona, M. Marchetti, [3] A. Barbati, M. Marchetti, G. Chirici, Species is present but not dominant Biosystems - An International Journal European forest types: Categories and P. Corona, Forest Ecology and Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology types for sustainable forest management Management 321, 145 (2014). 141, 93 (2007). reporting and policy (European Environment Species is present in either category Agency, Copenhagen, 2007), second edn. CONIFERS BROADLEAVES ALIENS CATEGORY FOREST TYPE Abies nordmanniana Abies alba Abies borisii-regi Abies others Picea abies Picea omorika Larix decidua Pinus pinaster Pinus nigra Pinus sylvestris Pinus mugo Pinus halepensis Pinus pinea Pinus cembra Pinus canariensis Pinus heldreichii Pinus peuce Cupressus sempervirens Cedrus libani Cedrus brevifolia Juniperus communis Juniperus oxycedrus Juniperus phoenicea Juniperus thurifera Juniperus sp. articulata Tetraclinis baccata Taxus Salix fragilis Salix alba Salix cinerea Salix atrocinerea Salix caprea Salix eleagnos Populus alba Populus canescens Populus tremula Populus nigra Myrica faya Juglans regia Betula pubescens Betula pendula Alnus viridis Alnus glutinosa Alnus incana Alnus cordata Alnus orientalis Carpinus betulus Carpinus orientalis Ostrya carpinifolia Corylus avellana sylvatica Fagus moesiaca Fagus orientalis Fagus Castanea sativa Quercus coccifera Quercus ilex Quercus suber Quercus trojana Quercus cerris Quercus cerroides Quercus petraea Quercus robur Quercus frainetto Quercus pyrenaica Quercus pubescens Quercus faginea Quercus ithaburensis Quercus macrolepis Ulmus minor Ulmus grabra Ulmus laevis Celtis australis Aesculus ippocastanus Laurus nobilis Platanus orientalis Pyrus pyraster Pyrus communis Malus sylvestris Malus domestica Sorbus domestica Sorbus aucuparia Sorbus torminalis Sorbus aria Crataegus laevigata Crataegus monogyna Prunus cerasifera Prunus spinosa Prunus avium Prunus mahaleb Prunus padus Prunus lusitanica Cercis siliquastrum Ceratonia siliqua Pistacia terebinthus Acer platanoides Acer campestre Acer tataricum Acer sempervirens Acer pseudoplatanus Acer opalus Acer monspessulanum Ilex aquifolium Euonymus europaeus Buxus sempervirens Rhamnus alaternus Rhamnus frangula tomentosa Tilia cordata Tilia platyphyllos Tilia sp. Tamarix Cornus sanguinea Cornus mas Erica arborea Erica scoparia Arbutus unedo ornus Fraxinus excelsior Fraxinus angustifolia Fraxinus Olea europaea Phillyrea latifolia Sambucus nigra Pseudotsuga menziesii Chamaecyparis lawsoniana heterophylla Tsuga Picea sitchensis Larix kaempferi Pinus contorta Pinus strobus Pinus radiata Populus hyb. Quercus rubra Quercus palustris Robinia pseudoacacia Ailanthus altissima Eucalyptus
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