‘ HL ‘E 5 . ‘Y Sv MARCO S ANUD O CONQEJ E R OR OF T HE ARC HIPE LAGO JOHN K NIG HT FOT HE RING HAM " M D . Ln r A . , E L L A A N C E G E X F OW OF M G D LE OLL , O FORD READER I N A NCI E NT HI S TORY I N T HE UNI VERS I TY OF LONDON LA T E B RASSEY STUD ENT AS S IS TE D BY LAURENCE FRED ERI C RUS HBROOK W I LLI AMS B B A Ln r . , . E L L W A L C G E X F O OF LL SOU S OLLE , O FORD R E SEA RCH P ROFESSOR OF MODER N I ND I AN HI STORY I N T HE UNI V E RS I TY OF ALLA HAB AD OX FORD AT T HE CLARENDON PRES S OX F ORD UNIVERS ITY PRE S S L ONDON ED I NBURGH GLASGOW NE W YORK TORONTO MELBOURNE BOMBAY MPH M R M II U RE Y LFO D . A. I , PUBL ISHE R T O T HE UN I V E RSI TY P R E F A C E T HE work o t o not o o present pr fesses be hist ry, but hist rical for o wh research . It is intended primarily th se o may have o a o t o on o e on o cc si n write s m subject which it thr ws light , and the author will be well satisfied if it is used without being NO e read through by such students . attempt has been mad at o o o o of a o t o f pr p rti n , and the am unt sp ce dev ted dif erent parts of the subject is determined solely by the character and quantity of the evidence and the discussi ons t o which it gives rise . F or the benefit of historical students and the biblio ra hers who m a a o g p y guide them , I h ve th ught it advisable to enumerate in this preface the subjects on which I have t o ow o of attempted thr light . These include the rigins the o f mo S o Venetian families Candia and anud , and, incidentally , o f o a o n of of the legend the f und ti Venice and Heraclea , and the top ography of the neighbourhood of Ravenna ; the relati ons of Guglielmo and R aynerio of M ontferrat t o the court of Con stantinople and the nature of their fief or fi efs at Thessalonica ; the p olicy o f Venice in prom oting the electi on o f B aldwin as emperor and in negotiating the treaty of Adrian ople with B oniface of M ontferrat ; the relations of the Venetian col ony o a o t o o - o o at C nst ntin ple the m ther city, and the p licy ad pted by Venice for c onquests to b eT m ad e either by the city or by its citizens ; the attempts made by Genoa to secure a foothold in Romania ; the conquest and o rganization of the Archipel ago ff o Naxiote o t o the di erent Venetian , Gen ese , and expediti ns o f a o S o o f o Crete during the career M rc anud , and , c urse, the f whole career of Marco S anudo himself. One o the excerpts contained in the appendix is fro m a Cronica Antica di Venetia iv PR E FAC E 1 0 1 1 0 i n r a o t o o and (pp . 9 , f ) , bel nging the f urteenth century, m ay conceivably be of interest t o students of the Venetian o f o di alect . A l arge part the matter c ntained in the present work was published in a form intended for a wider class of — o . 2 6 . readers in the E nglish Hist rical Review, xxv pp 57 I also hope that my references t o published works and m anuscripts m ay be of use t o th ose who d o not find my own a has a t o contributi ons o f Special value . C re been t ken make d o not o 1 1 1 these references , which extend bey nd the year 9 , o f exact and readily identifiable . The absence certain well known works is deliberate . This work has grown out of a stu dy begun in 1 9 06 under of a B s S the terms ras ey tudentship , and my thanks are due t o for o o o f o L rd Hythe the f undati n this studentship , which not o o a a t o nly suggested the study, but c ntributed m teri lly o t o a B s meeting the expenses . I have als th nk the riti h Treasury ’ for a o o o o a gr nt administered thr ugh King s C llege , L nd n , and the D elegates o f the Press for the generous terms on which a they h ave consented t o publish this wo rk . M ore pers on l f t o . o o thanks are due Mr William Miller , auth r The Latins a of a a on o o of in the Lev nt, and m ny le rned articles p rti ns who D of o as that subject , suggested the uchy the Archipelag a t o o m owe a on o suitable scheme , and wh I dvice auth rities o o o o o o and numer us suggesti ns , t gether with permissi n t repr ’ duce fro m his c opy the excerpt fro m S auger s Histoire de ’ l 1 — A n 1 . o l rchi e o o . 2 a o we p , which will be f und pp 3 5 I ls t o a o of o for s o t o thanks Madame dell R cca Nax s , permis i n ’ c ’ a o I o-r o t ac 7 7 Nai ov o m ke extracts fr m Grimaldi s p 39 g , a selecti n — o o n . 1 2 2 of o t o . fr m which is printed pp 5 this w rk , Cav o o f o for Ger la , Keeper the Nati nal Museum at Ravenna , ’ l ending me for reproduction B erti s map Of the environs of f ’ a t o D r . a a o o R venna , and Headl m , late Princip l King s C llege , ’ o o for of o of Ho f s o o L nd n , the gift a c py p Chr niques Gréc . o t D r a f r Roma nes I have als o thank . Gerl nd o kind answers ’ t o o f S t . a o inquiries, Miss Gimingham , late Hilda s H ll , Oxf rd , P RE FAC E r a o of o fo ssistance in the preparati n Appendix I I , and numer us o o o m a . Chr santhus friends in Nax s , am ng wh m I y specify Mr y om m ari a a o o S om m ari a and . o S p , M dame Ant ni p , Mr R ch Baro for to zzi , much assistance kindly given during my visit Naxos . o o o The last chapter was riginally written by Pr fess r Williams , o a o . and fr m m terial which I had c llected It was revised by me , I am fully resp onsible for the opini on s expressed in the chapter a a in its p resent fo rm . Professo r Willi ms h s als o assisted me in the transcription and decipherm ent of extracts fro m au tho t . o of o a ities With the excepti n the excerpts fr m Grim ldi , these all have been verified by comp ari son with ph otographs . not a t o Last but le st , I must rec ord my indebtedness my who has o wi fe, shared my j urneys and performed a large share o f o o o of o the clerical w rk inv lved in the preparati n this v lume , a nd who a o s for oo is speci lly resp n ible the index , which , in a b k not t o a as o on intended be re d a wh le, is the part which the of utility the rest depends . E J . K FOTH RINGHAM . ul 1 J y 7 , 9 1 5 CONTE NTS T HE O S E OF S N D O I . H U A U E N CE AND T HE O H S E I I . V I F URT CRU AD N FACE AND T HE E Y OF D E I II . BO I TR AT A RI ANO PL T HE S G LE H ENO IV. TRU G WIT G A T H O N E S OF T HE H EL A O V . E C QU T ARC IP G CO S N O AN D E E VI . MAR A UD CR T P END X E X C S F O M HO ES A P I I .