Harlem Renaissance Artists Research Guide
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05. Yonghwa Lee.Hwp
【연구논문】 Wallace Thurman’s The Blacker the Berry: Loving Oneself Enough to Be * Selfish 1) Yonghwa Lee (Incheon National University) I. Stressing self-acceptance as a major principle of the New Negro movement, Langston Hughes, one of the most prominent figures in the Harlem Renaissance, said, “We younger Negro artists who create now intend to express our individual dark-skinned selves without fear or shame” (694). Considering that the most distinctive feature of the Harlem Renaissance was an overt racial pride, it is not surprising that Wallace Thurman’s treatment of color prejudice within the African American community in his 1929 novel, The Blacker the Berry, instigated considerable concern among the leaders of the New Negro movement. For example, though he acknowledges that intra-racial prejudice is an issue every African American writer must * This work was supported by Incheon National University Research Grant in 2019. 100 Yonghwa Lee confront, W.E.B. Du Bois finds Thurman’s portrayal of his protagonist, Emma Lou Morgan, problematic in that her failure to achieve self-acceptance reveals the author’s own “inner self-despising” (250). Du Bois’s criticism of Thurman’s derisive attitude toward blackness in the novel assumes an autobiographical relationship between Thurman and Emma Lou,1) whose psychological contradictions regarding her skin color have even led some critics to regard the novel as an artistic failure. Thurman’s contemporary critic, Eunice Hunton Carter, for example, holds that Emma Lou’s story is merely a depiction of female exploitation and that given the importance of “literature by Negroes and about Negroes” (162), African American writers should aspire to the same high quality writing critics expect of white writers. -
The New Negro Arts and Letters Movement Among Black University Students in the Midwest, 1914~1940
University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Black Studies Faculty Publications Department of Black Studies 2004 The ewN Negro Arts and Letters Movement Among Black University Students in the Midwest, 1914-1940 Richard M. Breaux University of Nebraska at Omaha, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/blackstudfacpub Part of the African American Studies Commons Recommended Citation Breaux, Richard M., "The eN w Negro Arts and Letters Movement Among Black University Students in the Midwest, 1914-1940" (2004). Black Studies Faculty Publications. 1. https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/blackstudfacpub/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Black Studies at DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Black Studies Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE NEW NEGRO ARTS AND LETTERS MOVEMENT AMONG BLACK UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THE MIDWEST, 1914~1940 RICHARD M. BREAUX The 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s were an excit~ and underexplored. 1 This article explores the ing time for black artists and writers in the influence of the New Negro arts and letters United States. Much of the historical litera~ movement on black students at four mid~ ture highlights the so~called Harlem Renais~ western state universities from 1914 to 1940. sance or its successor, the Black Chicago Black students on white midwestern cam~ Renaissance. Few studies, however, document puses like the University of Kansas (KU), Uni~ the influence of these artistic movements out~ versity of Iowa (UI), University of Nebraska side major urban cities such as New York, (UNL), and University of Minnesota (UMN) Chicago, or Washington, DC. -
HARLEM in SHAKESPEARE and SHAKESPEARE in HARLEM: the SONNETS of CLAUDE MCKAY, COUNTEE CULLEN, LANGSTON HUGHES, and GWENDOLYN BROOKS David J
Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 5-1-2015 HARLEM IN SHAKESPEARE AND SHAKESPEARE IN HARLEM: THE SONNETS OF CLAUDE MCKAY, COUNTEE CULLEN, LANGSTON HUGHES, AND GWENDOLYN BROOKS David J. Leitner Southern Illinois University Carbondale, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations Recommended Citation Leitner, David J., "HARLEM IN SHAKESPEARE AND SHAKESPEARE IN HARLEM: THE SONNETS OF CLAUDE MCKAY, COUNTEE CULLEN, LANGSTON HUGHES, AND GWENDOLYN BROOKS" (2015). Dissertations. Paper 1012. This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HARLEM IN SHAKESPEARE AND SHAKESPEARE IN HARLEM: THE SONNETS OF CLAUDE MCKAY, COUNTEE CULLEN, LANGSTON HUGHES, AND GWENDOLYN BROOKS by David Leitner B.A., University of Illinois Champaign-Urbana, 1999 M.A., Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 2005 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Department of English in the Graduate School Southern Illinois University Carbondale May 2015 DISSERTATION APPROVAL HARLEM IN SHAKESPEARE AND SHAKESPEARE IN HARLEM: THE SONNETS OF CLAUDE MCKAY, COUNTEE CULLEN, LANGSTON HUGHES, AND GWENDOLYN BROOKS By David Leitner A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the field of English Approved by: Edward Brunner, Chair Robert Fox Mary Ellen Lamb Novotny Lawrence Ryan Netzley Graduate School Southern Illinois University Carbondale April 10, 2015 AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF DAVID LEITNER, for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in ENGLISH, presented on April 10, 2015, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. -
The Harlem Renaissance: a Handbook
.1,::! THE HARLEM RENAISSANCE: A HANDBOOK A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF ATLANTA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF ARTS IN HUMANITIES BY ELLA 0. WILLIAMS DEPARTMENT OF AFRO-AMERICAN STUDIES ATLANTA, GEORGIA JULY 1987 3 ABSTRACT HUMANITIES WILLIAMS, ELLA 0. M.A. NEW YORK UNIVERSITY, 1957 THE HARLEM RENAISSANCE: A HANDBOOK Advisor: Professor Richard A. Long Dissertation dated July, 1987 The object of this study is to help instructors articulate and communicate the value of the arts created during the Harlem Renaissance. It focuses on earlier events such as W. E. B. Du Bois’ editorship of The Crisis and some follow-up of major discussions beyond the period. The handbook also investigates and compiles a large segment of scholarship devoted to the historical and cultural activities of the Harlem Renaissance (1910—1940). The study discusses the “New Negro” and the use of the term. The men who lived and wrote during the era identified themselves as intellectuals and called the rapid growth of literary talent the “Harlem Renaissance.” Alain Locke’s The New Negro (1925) and James Weldon Johnson’s Black Manhattan (1930) documented the activities of the intellectuals as they lived through the era and as they themselves were developing the history of Afro-American culture. Theatre, music and drama flourished, but in the fields of prose and poetry names such as Jean Toomer, Langston Hughes, Countee Cullen and Zora Neale Hurston typify the Harlem Renaissance movement. (C) 1987 Ella 0. Williams All Rights Reserved ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Special recognition must be given to several individuals whose assistance was invaluable to the presentation of this study. -
Black History, 1877-1954
THE BRITISH LIBRARY AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY AND LIFE: 1877-1954 A SELECTIVE GUIDE TO MATERIALS IN THE BRITISH LIBRARY BY JEAN KEMBLE THE ECCLES CENTRE FOR AMERICAN STUDIES AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY AND LIFE, 1877-1954 Contents Introduction Agriculture Art & Photography Civil Rights Crime and Punishment Demography Du Bois, W.E.B. Economics Education Entertainment – Film, Radio, Theatre Family Folklore Freemasonry Marcus Garvey General Great Depression/New Deal Great Migration Health & Medicine Historiography Ku Klux Klan Law Leadership Libraries Lynching & Violence Military NAACP National Urban League Philanthropy Politics Press Race Relations & ‘The Negro Question’ Religion Riots & Protests Sport Transport Tuskegee Institute Urban Life Booker T. Washington West Women Work & Unions World Wars States Alabama Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut District of Columbia Florida Georgia Illinois Indiana Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Nebraska Nevada New Jersey New York North Carolina Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania South Carolina Tennessee Texas Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Bibliographies/Reference works Introduction Since the civil rights movement of the 1960s, African American history, once the preserve of a few dedicated individuals, has experienced an expansion unprecedented in historical research. The effect of this on-going, scholarly ‘explosion’, in which both black and white historians are actively engaged, is both manifold and wide-reaching for in illuminating myriad aspects of African American life and culture from the colonial period to the very recent past it is simultaneously, and inevitably, enriching our understanding of the entire fabric of American social, economic, cultural and political history. Perhaps not surprisingly the depth and breadth of coverage received by particular topics and time-periods has so far been uneven. -
Aneta Pawłowska Department of Art History, University of Łódź [email protected]
Art Inquiry. Recherches sur les arts 2014, vol. XVI ISSN 1641-9278 Aneta Pawłowska Department of Art History, University of Łódź [email protected] THE AMBIVALENCE OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN1 CULTURE. THE NEW NEGRO ART IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD Abstract: Reflecting on the issue of marginalization in art, it is difficult not to remember of the controversy which surrounds African-American Art. In the colonial period and during the formation of the American national identity this art was discarded along with the entire African cultural legacy and it has emerged as an important issue only at the dawn of the twentieth century, along with the European fashion for “Black Africa,” complemented by the fascination with jazz in the United States of America. The first time that African-American artists as a group became central to American visual art and literature was during what is now called the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s and 1930s. Another name for the Harlem Renaissance was the New Negro Movement, adopting the term “New Negro”, coined in 1925 by Alain Leroy Locke. These terms conveyed the belief that African-Americans could now cast off their heritage of servitude and define for themselves what it meant to be an African- American. The Harlem Renaissance saw a veritable explosion of creative activity from the African-Americans in many fields, including art, literature, and philosophy. The leading black artists in the 1920s, 1930s and 1940 were Archibald Motley, Palmer Hayden, Aaron Douglas, Hale Aspacio Woodruff, and James Van Der Zee. Keywords: African-American – “New Negro” – “Harlem Renaissance” – Photography – “African Art” – Murals – 20th century – Painting. -
Art for Whose Sake?: Defining African American Literature
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University African-American Studies Theses Department of African-American Studies Summer 7-17-2012 Art for whose Sake?: Defining African American Literature Ebony Z. Gibson Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/aas_theses Recommended Citation Gibson, Ebony Z., "Art for whose Sake?: Defining African American Literature." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2012. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/aas_theses/17 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of African-American Studies at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in African-American Studies Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ART FOR WHOSE SAKE?: DEFINING AFRICAN AMERICAN LITERATURE by EBONY Z. GIBSON Under the Direction of Jonathan Gayles ABSTRACT This exploratory qualitative study describes the criteria that African American Literature professors use in defining what is African American Literature. Maulana Karenga’s black arts framework shaped the debates in the literature review and the interview protocol; furthermore, the presence or absence of the framework’s characteristics were discussed in the data analysis. The population sampled was African American Literature professors in the United States who have no less than five years experience. The primary source of data collection was in-depth interviewing. Data analysis involved open coding and axial coding. General conclusions include: (1) The core of the African American Literature definition is the black writer representing the black experience but the canon is expanding and becoming more inclusive. (2) While African American Literature is often a tool for empowerment, a wide scope is used in defining methods of empowerment. -
And Wallace Thurman's Infants of the Spring
Oblique Scriptures of Harlem. The "Niggeratti Manor" and Wallace Thurman's Infants of the Spring (1932). Elisa Cecchinato∗1 1Paris Est Cr´eteil{ Universit´eParis-Est { Paris, France R´esum´e In the 1910s and 1920s, Harlem is the destination of two important migratory movements: the Great Migration of African Americans from the South of the United States, and a migratory wave internal to the city of New York, consequent to the anti-"vice" policies of Progressive Era Reform. During this time, Harlem progressively becomes the largest black American urban settlement in the United States, a Black Metropolis animated by political, artistic, economic, and social life. In 1926, a group of young black writers and artists based in the neighborhood, among whom Wallace Thurman, Richard Bruce Nugent, Zora Neale Hurston, Aaron Douglas and Langston Hughes, self-edited and published a magazine titled FIRE!! Devoted to Younger Negro Artists. The magazine took a polemical stance against what the young black artists saw as the disciplined heteronormative injunctions of the New Negro intellectuals and part of the emerging black middle-class, towards their sexual and social mores. In a polemical editorial penned by Wallace Thurman, FIRE!! reclaimed in prophetic tones the notorious representations of improper, sexualized black characters from Nigger Heaven (1926), a novel by white author, photographer, and Harlem Renaissance patron Carl Van Vechten. Both Thurman and Nugent put in fictional form episodes from their lives in the apartment, which they dubbed the "Niggeratti Manor." In this paper I study Wallace Thurman's novel Infants of the Spring (1932) and the space of the "Niggeratti Manor" as sites of inscription of black and queer apperceptions of, and orientations within, the Black Metropolis and its antagonizing discursive representations. -
African-American Writers
AFRICAN-AMERICAN WRITERS Philip Bader Note on Photos Many of the illustrations and photographs used in this book are old, historical images. The quality of the prints is not always up to current standards, as in some cases the originals are from old or poor-quality negatives or are damaged. The content of the illustrations, however, made their inclusion important despite problems in reproduction. African-American Writers Copyright © 2004 by Philip Bader All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Facts On File, Inc. 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bader, Philip, 1969– African-American writers / Philip Bader. p. cm.—(A to Z of African Americans) Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and indexes. ISBN 0-8160-4860-6 (acid-free paper) 1. American literature—African American authors—Bio-bibliography—Dictionaries. 2. African American authors—Biography—Dictionaries. 3. African Americans in literature—Dictionaries. 4. Authors, American—Biography—Dictionaries. I. Title. II. Series. PS153.N5B214 2004 810.9’96073’003—dc21 2003008699 Facts On File books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755. You can find Facts On File on the World Wide Web at http://www.factsonfile.com Text design by Joan M. -
Arthur P.Davis Touching Lives Harriet Jackson Scarupa
New Directions Volume 7 | Issue 4 Article 2 7-1-1980 Arthur P.Davis Touching Lives Harriet Jackson Scarupa Follow this and additional works at: http://dh.howard.edu/newdirections Recommended Citation Scarupa, Harriet Jackson (1980) "Arthur P.Davis Touching Lives," New Directions: Vol. 7: Iss. 4, Article 2. Available at: http://dh.howard.edu/newdirections/vol7/iss4/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Howard @ Howard University. It has been accepted for inclusion in New Directions by an authorized administrator of Digital Howard @ Howard University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 4 Davis a: d graduate student Charles DeArman NEW DIRECTIONS JULY 1980 Touching Lives By Harriet Jackson Scarupa ceive a PhD. in English at Howard [1968] Wisdom laced with wit: it is the APD. 5 It was one of those magnificent April and now a University of.the District of Co- trademark. days, the sky gently caressed with cloud lumbia professor, compared Davis to a Characteristically, he clothes his erudi- wisps, the dogwoods abloom in their batsman in cricket, the popular game of tion in a folksy manner, frequently profes- white and pink splendor, the benches on his native Trinidad. "A batsman who has sing to be "jes a po' country boy from the the Howard University campus filled with retired has merely displayed to the world South." If so, he is one po' country boy students engaged in flirtatious repartee, that he is a dominating force," he said in whose achievements would stretch a long happy to be free, at last, of bulky over- his crisp, clear, accented English. -
Politics, Identity and Humor in the Work of Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, Sholem Aleichem and Mordkhe Spector
The Artist and the Folk: Politics, Identity and Humor in the Work of Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, Sholem Aleichem and Mordkhe Spector by Alexandra Hoffman A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Comparative Literature) in The University of Michigan 2012 Doctoral Committee: Professor Anita Norich, Chair Professor Sandra Gunning Associate Professor Mikhail Krutikov Associate Professor Christi Merrill Associate Professor Joshua Miller Acknowledgements I am delighted that the writing process was only occasionally a lonely affair, since I’ve had the privilege of having a generous committee, a great range of inspiring instructors and fellow graduate students, and intelligent students. The burden of producing an original piece of scholarship was made less daunting through collaboration with these wonderful people. In many ways this text is a web I weaved out of the combination of our thoughts, expressions, arguments and conversations. I thank Professor Sandra Gunning for her encouragement, her commitment to interdisciplinarity, and her practical guidance; she never made me doubt that what I’m doing is important. I thank Professor Mikhail Krutikov for his seemingly boundless references, broad vision, for introducing me to the oral history project in Ukraine, and for his laughter. I thank Professor Christi Merrill for challenging as well as reassuring me in reading and writing theory, for being interested in humor, and for being creative in not only the academic sphere. I thank Professor Joshua Miller for his kind and engaged reading, his comparative work, and his supportive advice. Professor Anita Norich has been a reliable and encouraging mentor from the start; I thank her for her careful reading and challenging comments, and for making Ann Arbor feel more like home. -
Jazz Epidemics and Deep Set Diseases: the De-Pathologization
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research: English, Department of Department of English 5-2016 Jazz Epidemics and Deep Set Diseases: The e-D Pathologization of the Black Body in the Work of Three Harlem Renaissance Writers Shane C. Hunter University of Nebraska - Lincoln Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/englishdiss Part of the Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Commons, Literature in English, North America Commons, and the Literature in English, North America, Ethnic and Cultural Minority Commons Hunter, Shane C., "Jazz Epidemics and Deep Set Diseases: The e-PD athologization of the Black Body in the Work of Three Harlem Renaissance Writers" (2016). Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research: Department of English. 110. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/englishdiss/110 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the English, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research: Department of English by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. JAZZ EPIDEMICS AND DEEP SET DISEASES: THE DE-PATHOLOGIZATION OF THE BLACK BODY IN THE WORK OF THREE HARLEM RENAISSANCE WRITERS by Shane Hunter A DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Major: English Under the Supervision of Professor Maureen Honey Lincoln, Nebraska May, 2016 JAZZ EPIDEMICS AND DEEP SET DISEASES: THE DE-PATHOLOGIZATION OF THE BLACK BODY IN THE WORK OF THREE HARLEM RENAISSANCE WRITERS Shane Hunter, Ph.D.