Canada's Spy Story
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
News in Review – December 2012 – Teacher Resource Guide CANADA'S SPY STORY MINDS‐ON ACTIVITY Discuss the following questions before reading: 1. How does the media portray spies? 2. How do you think spies in the "real world" may differ from those in books, television and movies? 3. Why do you think countries spy on each other? What types of information do you think are the target of spying? SETTING THE STAGE activities. They may also steal technology, convince others to defect to their side, and Hollywood portrays spies as glamorous, athletic sabotage military or political plans. Spies often and highly intelligent people jumping from infiltrate the military or industrial ranks of planes and engaging in high speed car chases another nation to get access to this confidential with their guns ablaze. However, spying is not a information. There are strict laws against new phenomenon nor is it especially glamorous espionage and severe punishments for spies in work. most nations since spying compromises the security of a nation. Spies have existed since the beginning of civilization. As nations competed with each In addition to international espionage, domestic other over land and resources it became spying also exists. Governments may want to increasingly important to stay one step ahead of keep track of perceived threats to their own foreign powers by knowing their secrets. national stability. Many nations have a "secret service" that is directly involved in intelligence Spying is the gathering of secret knowledge or and espionage. This government-sanctioned "intelligence" held by a different nation or intelligence gathering is a controversial area of peoples without their knowledge. These secrets government activity since the nation's security tend to involve military information such as the interests may compete with its citizens’ desire location, size and strength of weapons and for privacy. troops in addition to future plans for military ACTIVITY Define as many of the following espionage terms as you can and then check a reliable source to insure your definition is correct. double agent deep cover operative agent provocateur re-doubled agent safe house covert agent sleeper agent cyber spy 21 DECEMBER 2012 — CANADA'S SPY STORY VIDEO REVIEW Pre‐viewing Activities Answer the following questions individually, then discuss them with a partner. Prepare to debrief as a class. 1. What do you think might motivate someone to become a spy against their own country? 2. What qualities or characteristics do you think would make an effective spy? 3. List as many ways that you can think of that a government tries to prevent spying. 4. Do you think the Canadian government engages in spying? On whom and why? Viewing Questions 1. Why is this case very serious and of "grave concern"? 2. Where did Delisle work? 3. What is the maximum penalty that Delisle could face? 4. HMCS Trinity in Halifax is the hub for _____________ intelligence. It tracks all vessels moving in and out of Canadian waters, using _______________, drones and ____________________. News in Review ∙ CBC Learning ∙ newsinreview.cbclearning.ca 22 DECEMBER 2012 — CANADA'S SPY STORY 5. What additional information did Delisle have access to? 6. In addition to Russia, what other countries may be interested in Canada's intelligence? 7. Why did the Canadian government not publically expel the Russian diplomats? 8. Why is Delisle's guilty plea a relief for the government? 9. How did technology assist in this case of espionage? 10. Why did Delisle get caught? 11. Stone Ghost is a programme that shares classified information between the U.S., _________, Australia, ____________, and Canada. 12. What information did the Russians want according to Delisle? Post‐viewing Questions 1. Did Lt. Jeffery Paul Delisle fit your description of an effective spy? Why or why not? News in Review ∙ CBC Learning ∙ newsinreview.cbclearning.ca 23 DECEMBER 2012 — CANADA'S SPY STORY 2. Why do you think Delisle became a spy? 3. What punishment do you think he should face and why? 4. Is spying an inevitable or do you think the government could do more to prevent its own citizens from spying? 5. Recently it has come to light that it was the FBI that alerted the RCMP of the fact that Delisle was an informant for the Russians. Why do you think this fact embarrassed the Canadian government? ACTIVITY: Two Perspectives Explain the reason for these two viewpoints on the Delisle espionage case. Consider the source, the bias and the point of view. Based on CSIS analysis and our current knowledge of the totality of the compromise, “Delisle's unauthorized disclosures to the Russians since 2007 has caused severe and irreparable damage to Canadian interests.„ – CSIS report 2012‐02‐22 We spy on everybody. Everybody spies. It's uh…(laughs). And, and our Western values, you “know it's uh … everybody spies and we spy on our friends and they spy on us and we hold hands smile and it's … it's hypocritical.„ – Jeffery Paul Delisle quoted during his police interrogation. News in Review ∙ CBC Learning ∙ newsinreview.cbclearning.ca 24 DECEMBER 2012 — CANADA'S SPY STORY ACTIVITY: Canada's Intelligence History Minds‐On Activity 1. About which countries do you think Canada gathers the most intelligence? Why? 2. Which countries do you think want intelligence about Canada? Why? Leader in Signals Intelligence At the end of World War II, the Canadian Where does Canada fit in the world community government believed that there was a need to in terms of espionage? Canada's intelligence sustain intelligence efforts and to cooperate with resources centred around the work of the RCMP its allies in gathering intelligence. The until World War II where dramatic events led to Communications Security Establishment allows Canada being pushed to the forefront of signals intelligence exchanges between Britain, protecting its ally, Great Britain. It was then that the United States and other commonwealth Canada became a leader in signals intelligence. countries. Signals intelligence is intelligence-gathering by monitoring, intercepting, decoding and The Gouzenko Affair interpreting radio, radar and other The most startling case of spying in Canada was communication signals. Many Canadian, involved a Russian man named Igor Gouzenko. American and British women were involved in On September 5, 1945, Igor Gouzenko, a cipher transcribing and translated coded messages. clerk in the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa defected Signals intelligence was vital in monitoring the to the Canadian authorities. He revealed to the movement of enemy troops, planes and vessels. RCMP that a number of Soviet spy rings were operating in highly sensitive government Canada tracked naval signals to convoys of ships departments and nuclear laboratory facilities. in the western Atlantic, warning of German U- These revelations caught Canada unaware since boat activity. Canadian intelligence also Russia had been considered an ally during the intercepted and decrypted German agent war. The government beefed up internal security messages. The RCMP captured 3 German agents and counter intelligence measures. The Cold sent to Canada. Canadians served with War had begun — leading to decades of mutual distinction with the SOE (Special Operations suspicion and spying between the U.S. (and its Executive) a secret resistance group created by allies) as new world power and the Soviet Union Winston Churchill to aid a resistance movement (and its allies). in occupied France. News in Review ∙ CBC Learning ∙ newsinreview.cbclearning.ca 25 DECEMBER 2012 — CANADA'S SPY STORY CSIS Arrives on the Scene Royal Canadian Navy Sub.-Lt. Jeffrey Paul Canada continues to be a target of spying by Delisle plead guilty to passing secret various foreign powers, largely because of our information to a foreigner in breach of the proximity to the United States and Russia. In federal Security of Information Act, a law 1984, a new civilian intelligence organization passed in the aftermath of the September 11 came into being in Canada, called the Canadian terror attacks. He is also charged with breach of Security Intelligence Service (CSIS). The trust under the Criminal Code of Canada. Delisle RCMP Security Service was disbanded largely has admitted to sending CSIS reports, in response to criticism of its performance. information on organized crime, contact details for U.S. Defence officials and intelligence Canada continues to play a large role in defence officers in Australia and Canada. alliances such as NATO and NORAD from which it gains access to a wider pool of strategic His arrest has raised questions of internal intelligence. security due to the crude methods used by Delisle to extract the information. He used Canada in Question floppy discs and USB drives to smuggle data Canada's reputation as a secure nation with from his secure office in Halifax to his home — which to share intelligence came into question in and then on to Russian agents via online email. January 2012, when the FBI alerted the RCMP He was paid $3,000 a month for the stolen that there was a Canadian spy who had been information. He has plead guilty and is awaiting sharing secrets with Russia for over four years. sentencing. He faces a possible sentence of life imprisonment. Questions after Reading 1. Why did World War II mark a change in Canada's participation in espionage? 2. Why did the Gouzenko spy case surprise the Canadian government and its allies? 3. Research Delisle's final sentence. Do you think he deserved this sentence? Did You Know? In the early 1940s, the British established a training camp for spies just outside Oshawa. Camp X trained mainly British and American intelligence agents. There is speculation that Ian Fleming, the creator of James Bond, trained there. News in Review ∙ CBC Learning ∙ newsinreview.cbclearning.ca 26 .