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Undivided PDF Version Japan’s Official Development Assistance White Paper 2011 White Paper Assistance Official Development Japan’s Japan’s Official Development Assistance White Paper 2011 Japan’s International Japan’s Official Development Assistance Japan’s International Cooperation Japan’s Cooperation White Paper 2011 Japan’s International Cooperation Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ministry of Foreign Affairs Japan’s Official Development Assistance White Paper 2011 Japan’s International Cooperation Ministry of Foreign Affairs Cover Photographs A staff member from the NGO Association for Aid and Relief, Japan distributes relief supplies to a mother and child who were affected by the large- scale drought in the Garissa District of eastern Kenya (Photo: NPO Association for Aid and Relief, Japan) On the deck of a patrol vessel, a Japanese Coast Guard officer gives an explanation to maritime security organization and coast guard members from Asia and the Middle A medical team from Jordan gives aid to residents of East as part of the training “Maritime Law the affected areas in Minamisoma City, Fukushima Enforcement for Asia and MIddle East” Prefecture, following the Great East Japan conducted in Japan Earthquake (Photo: Riho Aihara/JICA) This White Paper can also be viewed on the Ministry of Foreign Affairs website (http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/oda). In addition to information about official development assistance (ODA) disbursed by Japan, the website also provides a collection of reference materials regarding aid provided by other countries and the activities of international organizations, etc. All titles of individuals given in this White Paper are those current at the time of the applicable event, etc. Foreword Since assuming the post of Minister for Foreign Affairs, I have done my utmost to advance a results-oriented, “substantial diplomacy” aimed at realizing steady progress. Official development assistance (ODA) is a vital means to achieving concrete results in our efforts to reduce poverty, enable sustained growth, address environmental issues, and resolve the variety of other problems faced by developing countries. Following the Great East Japan Earthquake, I had the opportunity to see the many pictures sent by children from all over the world to encourage Japan. It gave me the deep sense that behind the goodwill and encouragement we received from around the globe was significant trust and a feeling of solidarity with Japan. I believe that this has been fostered by the accumulation of Japan’s steady efforts to achieve peace and development throughout the world. The Great East Japan Earthquake gave me a renewed sense of the strong interdependence between Japan and the world. Today, as globalization advances and interdependence increases, national interests cannot be served unless the benefit of the world as a whole is achieved. Based on her many years of experience at the site of international cooperation, Sadako Ogata has said that “the concept of Japan as a ‘solitary island of prosperity’ that profits only Japan no longer applies.” Accordingly, ODA provides a way to achieve the benefit of the entire world, or in other words, to serve both national and international interests. When implementing ODA, it is important to take into consideration the basic concept of “human security,” which enables a nation and its society to develop, specifically through the blossoming of the abilities of each person. Further, I believe that Japan must take the initiative to work toward achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and address disaster prevention, peace-building, promotion of worldwide green growth, and the various other issues that are faced on a global scale. It is also necessary for us to consolidate our overall strength to move ahead with international cooperation, while enhancing cooperation with emerging nations that have been showing a rapidly increasing presence in recent years. In accordance with this thinking, I have advocated promotion of “full-cast diplomacy,” in which the national government, local municipalities, NGOs, small and medium-sized companies and other private businesses, individuals, and a variety of other organizations cooperate to create a synergistic effect. The initial FY2012 ODA budget formulated by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has opened the way to reversing the direction of the ODA budget that had decreased by half over the past 14 years, through measures such as increasing the budget for grant aid. Since early times, the Japanese people have held dear the belief that “the mercy you have for others is mercy you receive yourself,” and that “he who gives to another bestows on himself.” ODA is not merely “mercy.” It is an international obligation. We intend to continue utilizing ODA strategically and effectively to contribute to the achievement of international interests, thereby further serving Japan’s national interests as well. March 2012 Minister for Foreign Affairs Part I Overcoming the Earthquake — ODA and Our Bond with the World — Chapter 1 The Earthquake and Japan in the World ............................................2 l Section 1 Support Reaching Affected Areas from Countries Around the World ............3 l Section 2 Why Does the World Help Japan? .....................................................................6 Chapter 2 Japan Responds to Trust ......................................................................8 l Section 1 Faithful Execution of International Commitments ...........................................8 l Section 2 Giving Form to Our Responsibilities as a Member of the International Community ........................................................................................................11 Chapter 3 Reconstruction Diplomacy and ODA ................................................16 l Section 1 Sharing Recovery of Affected Areas and Disaster Prevention Measures with the World ..................................................................................................16 l Section 2 Japanese Economic Recovery through Aid to Developing Countries ............18 ii Japan’s Official Development Assistance White Paper 2011 Part I ch.1 Part II Part I ch.2 Part I ch.3 Part II ch.1 A New Viewpoint on Aid Part II ch.2 Part II ch.3 Chapter 1 New Partnerships ...............................................................................22 l Section 1 ODA and the Rise of Emerging Countries .......................................................22 Part III ch.1 l Section 2 Promoting Partnerships with Emerging Countries .......................................24 l Section 3 Increasingly Important New Actors in Development ....................................27 Part III ch.2 Chapter 2 Toward Achievement of Equitable Development ...........................30 l Section 1 The Viewpoint of Equity and Human Security ...............................................30 l Section 2 The Outlook for New Global Health and Education Policies .........................33 Part IV ch.1 l Section 3 Toward Achievement of Inclusive Growth .....................................................36 Chapter 3 The Orientation of New Aid . ............................................................38 Part IV ch.2 l Section 1 Strengthening the Program Approach ...........................................................38 l Section 2 Multilateral-bilateral Partnerships ..................................................................40 Part IV ch.3 l Section 3 Increasing and Continuously Improving the Transparency of ODA Projects ....................................................................................................41 l Section 4 The Usefulness of Growth through the Development of Infrastructure .....42 Part IV ch.4 l Section 5 Cooperation Related to the Environment/Climate Change and the Utilization of Japan's Technology in Developing Countries ...................45 Part IV ch.5 l Section 6 Utilization of ODA to Achieve Fundamental Solutions to Conflict and Terrorism ...................................................................................................46 (Reference) Part IV Abbreviations Japan’s Official Development Assistance White Paper 2011 iii Part III Official Development Assistance in FY2010 Chapter 1 Japan's Official Development Assistance in Terms of Disbursement .....................................................................................48 Chapter 2 Specific Initiatives of Japan’s Official Development Assistance .....54 l Section 1 Initiatives Relating to the Basic Policies of the ODA Charter .........................55 1. Official Development Assistance Charter (ODA Charter) ................................................55 2. Medium-Term ODA Policy .............................................................................................55 3. Country Assistance Policy ..............................................................................................55 4. Sectoral Development Policy .........................................................................................56 5. Priority Policy Issues for International Cooperation ........................................................56 6. Rolling Plans .................................................................................................................56 l Section 2 Measures for Each Priority Issue ......................................................................57 1. Poverty Reduction .........................................................................................................57
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