DOCSLIB.ORG

Rogets Thesaurus10681-Doc-Body

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Rogets Thesaurus10681-Doc-Body ROGET'S THESAURUS OF ENGLISH WORDS AND PHRASES CLASS I WORDS EXPRESSING ABSTRACT RELATIONS SECTION I. EXISTENCE 1. BEING, IN THE ABSTRACT 1. Existence -- N. existence, being, entity, ens [Lat.] , esse [Lat.] , subsistence. reality, actuality; positiveness &c adj.; fact, matter of fact, sober reality; truth &c 494; actual existence. presence &c (existence in space) 186; coexistence &c 120. stubborn fact, hard fact; not a dream &c 515; no joke. center of life, essence, inmost nature, inner reality, vital principle. [Science of existence], ontology. V. exist, be; have being &c n.; subsist, live, breathe, stand, obtain, be the case; occur &c (event) 151; have place, prevail; find oneself, pass the time, vegetate. consist in, lie in; be comprised in, be contained in, be constituted by. come into existence &c n.; arise &c (begin) 66; come forth &c (appear) 446. become &c (be converted) 144; bring into existence &c 161. abide, continue, endure, last, remain, stay. Adj. existing &c v.; existent, under the sun; in existence &c n.; extant; afloat, afoot, on foot, current, prevalent; undestroyed. real, actual, positive, absolute; true &c 494; substantial, substantive; self-existing, self- existent; essential. well-founded, well-grounded; unideal †, unimagined; not potential &c 2; authentic. Adv. actually &c adj.; in fact, in point of fact, in reality; indeed; de facto, ipso facto. Phr. ens rationis [Lat.] ; ergo sum cogito [Lat.] , thinkest thou existence doth depend on time? [Byron]. 2. Inexistence -- N. inexistence †; nonexistence, nonsubsistence; nonentity, nil; negativeness &c adj.; nullity; nihility †, nihilism; tabula rasa [Lat.] , blank; abeyance; absence &c 187; no such thing &c 4; nonbeing, nothingness, oblivion. annihilation; extinction &c (destruction) 162; extinguishment, extirpation, Nirvana, obliteration. V. not exist &c 1; have no existence &c 1; be null and void; cease to exist &c 1; pass away, perish; be extinct, become extinct &c adj.; die out; disappear &c 449; melt away, dissolve, leave not a rack behind; go, be no more; die &c 360. annihilate, render null, nullify; abrogate &c 756; destroy &c 162; take away; remove &c (displace) 185; obliterate, extirpate. Adj. inexistent †, nonexistent &c 1; negative, blank; missing, omitted; absent &c 187; insubstantial, shadowy, spectral, visionary. unreal, potential, virtual; baseless, in nubibus [Lat.] ; unsubstantial &c 4; vain. unborn, uncreated †, unbegotten, unconceived, unproduced, unmade. perished, annihilated, &c v.; extinct, exhausted, gone, lost, vanished, departed, gone with the wind; defunct &c (dead) 360. fabulous, ideal &c (imaginary) 515, supposititious &c 514. Adv. negatively, virtually &c adj.. Phr. non ens [Lat.] . 2. BEING, IN THE CONCRETE 3. Substantiality -- N. substantiality, hypostasis; person, being, thing, object, article, item; something, a being, an existence; creature, body, substance, flesh and blood, stuff, substratum; matter &c 316; corporeity †, element, essential nature, groundwork, materiality, substantialness, vital part. [Totality of existences], world &c 318; plenum. Adj. substantive, substantial; hypostatic; personal, bodily, tangible &c (material) 316; corporeal. Adv. substantially &c adj.; bodily, essentially. 4. Unsubstantiality -- N. unsubstantiality †, insubstantiality; nothingness, nihility †; no degree, no part, no quantity, no thing. nothing, naught, nil, nullity, zero, cipher, no one, nobody; never a one, ne'er a one [Contr.] ; no such thing, none in the world; nothing whatever, nothing at all, nothing on earth; not a particle &c (smallness) 32; all talk, moonshine, stuff and nonsense; matter of no importance, matter of no consequence. thing of naught, man of straw, John Doe and Richard Roe, faggot voter; nominis umbra [Lat.] , nonentity; flash in the pan, vox et praeterea nihil [Lat.] . shadow; phantom &c (fallacy of vision) 443; dream &c (imagination) 515; ignis fatuus &c (luminary) 423 [Lat.]; such stuff as dreams are made of [Tempest]; air, thin air, vapor; bubble &c 353; baseless fabric of a vision [Tempest]; mockery. hollowness, blank; void &c (absence) 187. inanity, fool's paradise. V. vanish, evaporate, fade, dissolve, melt away; disappear &c 449. Adj. unsubstantial; baseless, groundless; ungrounded; without foundation, having no foundation. visionary &c (imaginary) 515; immaterial &c 137; spectral &c 980; dreamy; shadowy; ethereal, airy; cloud built, cloud formed; gossamery, illusory, insubstantial, unreal. vacant, vacuous; empty &c 187; eviscerated; blank, hollow; nominal; null; inane. Phr. there's nothing in it; an ocean of dreams without a sound [Shelley]. 3. FORMAL EXISTENCE Internal conditions 5. Intrinsicality -- N. intrinsicality †, inbeing †, inherence, inhesion †; subjectiveness; ego; egohood †; essence, noumenon; essentialness † &c adj.; essential part, quintessence, incarnation, quiddity, gist, pith, marrow, core, sap, lifeblood, backbone, heart, soul; important part &c (importance) 642. principle, nature, constitution, character, type, quality, crasis †, diathesis †. habit; temper, temperament; spirit, humor, grain; disposition. endowment, capacity; capability &c (power) 157. moods, declensions, features, aspects; peculiarities &c (speciality) 79; idiosyncrasy, oddity; idiocrasy &c (tendency) 176; diagnostics. V. be in the blood, run in the blood; be born so; be intrinsic &c adj.. Adj. derived from within, subjective; intrinsic, intrinsical†; fundamental, normal; implanted, inherent, essential, natural; innate, inborn, inbred, ingrained, inwrought; coeval with birth, genetous †, haematobious †, syngenic †; radical, incarnate, thoroughbred, hereditary, inherited, immanent; congenital, congenite †; connate, running in the blood; ingenerate †, ingenite †; indigenous; in the grain &c n.; bred in the bone, instinctive; inward, internal &c 221; to the manner born; virtual. characteristic &c (special) 79, (indicative) 550; invariable, incurable, incorrigible, ineradicable, fixed. Adv. intrinsically &c adj.; at bottom, in the main, in effect, practically, virtually, substantially, au fond; fairly. Phr. character is higher than intellect [Emerson]; come give us a taste of your quality [Hamlet]; magnos homines virtute metimur non fortuna [Lat.] [Nepos]; non numero haec judicantur sed pondere [Lat.] [Cicero]; vital spark of heavenly flame [Pope]. External conditions 6. Extrinsicality -- N. extrinsicality †, objectiveness, non ego; extraneousness &c 57; accident; appearance, phenomenon &c 448. Adj. derived from without; objective; extrinsic, extrinsical†; extraneous &c (foreign) 57; modal, adventitious; ascititious †, adscititious †; incidental, accidental, nonessential; contingent, fortuitous. implanted, ingrafted †; inculcated, infused. outward, apparent &c (external) 220. Adv. extrinsically &c adj.. 4. MODAL EXISTENCE Absolute 7. State -- N. state, condition, category, estate, lot, ease, trim, mood, pickle, plight, temper; aspect &c (appearance) 448, dilemma, pass, predicament. constitution, habitude, diathesis †; frame, fabric &c 329; stamp, set, fit, mold, mould. mode, modality, schesis †; form &c (shape) 240. tone, tenor, turn; trim, guise, fashion, light, complexion, style, character. V. be in a state, possess a state, enjoy a state, labor under a state &c n.; be on a footing, do, fare; come to pass. Adj. conditional, modal, formal; structural, organic. Adv. conditionally &c adj.; as the matter stands, as things are; such being the case &c 8. Relative 8. Circumstance -- N. circumstance, situation, phase, position, posture, attitude, place, point; terms; regime; footing, standing, status. occasion, juncture, conjunctive; contingency &c (event) 151. predicament; emergence, emergency; exigency, crisis, pinch, pass, push; occurrence; turning point. bearings, how the land lies. surroundings, context, environment 232; location 184. contingency, dependence (uncertainty) 475; causation 153, attribution 155. Adj. circumstantial; given, conditional, provisional; critical; modal; contingent, incidental; adventitious &c (extrinsic) 6; limitative †. Adv. in the circumstances, under the circumstances &c n., the circumstances, conditions &c 7; thus, in such wise. accordingly; that being the case, such being the case, in view of the circumstances; that being so, sith †, since, seeing that. as matters stand; as things go, as times go. conditionally, provided, if, in case; if so, if so be, if it be so; depending on circumstances, in certain circumstances, under certain conditions; if it so happen, if it so turn out; in the event of; in such a contingency, in such a case, in such an event; provisionally, unless, without. according to circumstances, according to the occasion; as it may happen, as it may turn out, as it may be; as the case may be, as the wind blows; pro re nata [Lat.] . Phr. yet are my sins not those of circumstance [Lytton]. SECTION II. RELATION 1. ABSOLUTE RELATION 9. Relation -- N. relation, bearing, reference, connection, concern, cognation; correlation &c 12; analogy; similarity &c 17; affinity, homology, alliance, homogeneity, association; approximation &c (nearness) 197; filiation &c (consanguinity) 11; interest; relevancy &c 23; dependency, relationship, relative position. comparison &c 464; ratio, proportion. link, tie, bond of union. V. be related &c adj.; have a relation &c n.; relate to, refer to; bear upon, regard, concern, touch, affect, have to do with; pertain to, belong to, appertain to; answer to; interest. bring into relation with, bring to bear upon; connect, associate, draw a parallel; link
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Anthropogeny Tracks
    anthropogeny t acksa CARTA newsletter Volume 3, Issue 2 - May 2015 Human-Climate Interactions HUMAN-CLIMATE and Evolution: Past and INTERACTIONS AND EVOLUTION: Future PAST AND FUTURE Our early ancestors evolved on a drying, cooling, and highly variable planet, which has led to competing ideas as to how climate may have shaped human evolution. Equally compelling is the question of how and when humans began to affect their surroundings to such an extent as to become a force of climate change, with disruptions affecting the globe today. According to earth scientists, paleontologists, and scholars in other fields, the planet has entered a new geological phase – the Anthropocene, the age of humans. How did this transition of our species from an ape-like ancestor in Africa to the current planetary force occur? What are the prospects for the future of world climate, ecosystems, and our species? CARTA’s May 15, 2015 symposium, Human-Climate Interactions and Evolution: Past and Future, presents varied perspectives on these critical questions from earth scientists, ecologists, and paleoanthropologists. The fantastic lineup of speakers includes: This CARTA symposium is made possible by The G. Harold and African Climate Change and Human Evolution Leila Y. Mathers Charitable Foundation and Rita Atkinson. Peter deMenocal, Columbia University The Climatic Framework of Neandertal Evolution Jean-Jacques Hublin, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Symposium Details Climate Instability and the Evolution of Human Adaptability • Friday, May
    [Show full text]
  • Types of Divination
    Types of Divination ASTROLOGY is divination using celestial bodies: the sun, moon, planets, and stars. CARTOMANCY is fortune telling using cards such as the Tarot. CLAIRAUDIENCE is "clear hearing" of divinatory information. Parapsychologist generally regard as a form of extrasensory perception. CLAIRVOYANCE is "clear seeing" of divinatory information. Parapsychologist generally regard as a form of extrasensory perception. CRYSTALLOMANCY is divination through crystal gazing. DOWSING or DIVINING RODS are methods of divination where a forked stick is used to locate water or precious minerals. NUMEROLOGY is the numerical interpretation of numbers, dates, and the number value of letters. OCULOMANCY is divination from a person's eye. PALMISTRY is the broad field of divination and interpretation of the lines and structure of the hand. PRECOGNITION in an inner knowledge or sense of future events. PSYCHOMETRY is the faculty of gaining impressions from a physical object and its history. SCIOMANCY is divination using a spirit guide, a method generally employed by channelers. SCRYING is a general term for divination using a crystal, mirrors, bowls of water, ink, or flames to induce visions. TASSEOGRAPHY is the reading of tea leaves that remain in a tea cup once the beverage has been drunk. AEROMANCY divination from the air and sky, particularly concentrating on cloud shapes, comets, and other phenomena not normally visible in the heavens. ALECTRYOMANCY is divination whereby a bird is allowed to pick corn grains from a circle of letters. A variation is to recite letters of the alphabet noting those at which a cock crows. ALEUROMANCY is divination using "fortune cookies"; answers to questions are rolled into balls of dough and once baked are chosen at random.
    [Show full text]
  • Cuban Antifascism and the Spanish Civil War: Transnational Activism, Networks, and Solidarity in the 1930S
    Cuban Antifascism and the Spanish Civil War: Transnational Activism, Networks, and Solidarity in the 1930s Ariel Mae Lambe Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2014 © 2014 Ariel Mae Lambe All rights reserved ABSTRACT Cuban Antifascism and the Spanish Civil War: Transnational Activism, Networks, and Solidarity in the 1930s Ariel Mae Lambe This dissertation shows that during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) diverse Cubans organized to support the Spanish Second Republic, overcoming differences to coalesce around a movement they defined as antifascism. Hundreds of Cuban volunteers—more than from any other Latin American country—traveled to Spain to fight for the Republic in both the International Brigades and the regular Republican forces, to provide medical care, and to serve in other support roles; children, women, and men back home worked together to raise substantial monetary and material aid for Spanish children during the war; and longstanding groups on the island including black associations, Freemasons, anarchists, and the Communist Party leveraged organizational and publishing resources to raise awareness, garner support, fund, and otherwise assist the cause. The dissertation studies Cuban antifascist individuals, campaigns, organizations, and networks operating transnationally to help the Spanish Republic, contextualizing these efforts in Cuba’s internal struggles of the 1930s. It argues that both transnational solidarity and domestic concerns defined Cuban antifascism. First, Cubans confronting crises of democracy at home and in Spain believed fascism threatened them directly. Citing examples in Ethiopia, China, Europe, and Latin America, Cuban antifascists—like many others—feared a worldwide menace posed by fascism’s spread.
    [Show full text]
  • 'A Great Or Notorious Liar': Katherine Harrison and Her Neighbours
    ‘A Great or Notorious Liar’: Katherine Harrison and her Neighbours, Wethersfield, Connecticut, 1668 – 1670 Liam Connell (University of Melbourne) Abstract: Katherine Harrison could not have personally known anyone as feared and hated in their own home town as she was in Wethersfield. This article aims to explain how and why this was so. Although documentation is scarce for many witch trials, there are some for which much crucial information has survived, and we can reconstruct reasonably detailed accounts of what went on. The trial of Katherine Harrison of Wethersfield, Connecticut, at the end of the 1660s is one such case. An array of factors coalesced at the right time in Wethersfield for Katherine to be accused. Her self-proclaimed magical abilities, her socio- economic background, and most of all, the inter-personal and legal conflicts that she sustained with her neighbours all combined to propel this woman into a very public discussion about witchcraft in 1668-1670. The trial of Katherine Harrison was a vital moment in the development of the legal and theological responses to witchcraft in colonial New England. The outcome was the result of a lengthy process jointly negotiated between legal and religious authorities. This was the earliest documented case in which New England magistrates trying witchcraft sought and received explicit instruction from Puritan ministers on the validity of spectral evidence and the interface between folk magic and witchcraft – implications that still resonated at the more recognised Salem witch trials almost twenty-five years later. The case also reveals the social dynamics that caused much ambiguity and confusion in this early modern village about an acceptable use of the occult.
    [Show full text]
  • DIVINATION SYSTEMS Written by Nicole Yalsovac Additional Sections Contributed by Sean Michael Smith and Christine Breese, D.D
    DIVINATION SYSTEMS Written by Nicole Yalsovac Additional sections contributed by Sean Michael Smith and Christine Breese, D.D. Ph.D. Introduction Nichole Yalsovac Prophetic revelation, or Divination, dates back to the earliest known times of human existence. The oldest of all Chinese texts, the I Ching, is a divination system older than recorded history. James Legge says in his translation of I Ching: Book Of Changes (1996), “The desire to seek answers and to predict the future is as old as civilization itself.” Mankind has always had a desire to know what the future holds. Evidence shows that methods of divination, also known as fortune telling, were used by the ancient Egyptians, Chinese, Babylonians and the Sumerians (who resided in what is now Iraq) as early as six‐thousand years ago. Divination was originally a device of royalty and has often been an essential part of religion and medicine. Significant leaders and royalty often employed priests, doctors, soothsayers and astrologers as advisers and consultants on what the future held. Every civilization has held a belief in at least some type of divination. The point of divination in the ancient world was to ascertain the will of the gods. In fact, divination is so called because it is assumed to be a gift of the divine, a gift from the gods. This gift of obtaining knowledge of the unknown uses a wide range of tools and an enormous variety of techniques, as we will see in this course. No matter which method is used, the most imperative aspect is the interpretation and presentation of what is seen.
    [Show full text]
  • From So Simple a Beginning... the Expansion of Evolutionary Thought
    From So Simple A Beginning... The Expansion Of Evolutionary Thought #1 #2 From So Simple A Beginning... The Expansion Of Evolutionary Thought Compiled and Edited by T N C Vidya #3 All rights reserved. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher. c Indian Academy of Sciences 2019 Reproduced from Resonance–journal of science education Published by Indian Academy of Sciences Production Team: Geetha Sugumaran, Pushpavathi R and Srimathi M Reformatted by : Sriranga Digital Software Technologies Private Limited, Srirangapatna. Printed at: Lotus Printers Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru #4 Foreword The Masterclass series of eBooks brings together pedagogical articles on single broad top- ics taken from Resonance, the Journal of Science Education, that has been published monthly by the Indian Academy of Sciences since January 1996. Primarily directed at students and teachers at the undergraduate level, the journal has brought out a wide spectrum of articles in a range of scientific disciplines. Articles in the journal are written in a style that makes them accessible to readers from diverse backgrounds, and in addition, they provide a useful source of instruction that is not always available in textbooks. The sixth book in the series, ‘From So Simple A Beginning... The Expansion Of Evolu- tionary Thought’, is a collection of Resonance articles about scientists who made major con- tributions to the development of evolutionary biology, starting with Charles Darwin himself, collated and edited by Prof. T. N. C.
    [Show full text]
  • {Download PDF} Crystal Divination for Todays Woman Kindle
    CRYSTAL DIVINATION FOR TODAYS WOMAN PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Cassandra Eason | 160 pages | 01 Oct 1994 | W Foulsham & Co Ltd | 9780572019983 | English | Berkshire, United Kingdom Crystal Divination for Todays Woman PDF Book Rating details. Ephesians instruct what we must do concerning evil in any form. You must have JavaScript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website. A cinematic poem and an ode to water: its rhythms,…. There are excellent sources to learn Lithomancy. In fact, the main theme repeatedly emphasized by Ms. Escape the Present with These 24 Historical Romances. Divination Crystals. Five stones were selected at random from a bag holding 12 stones all of different colors. Perhaps you yourself are considering different types of divination methods to use in your magical practice. Podomancy: Divination through interpretation of feet. Stones representing the different houses of the zodiac are cast and the influences of the houses on the person is read from the results. Wander around in the reflections or the interior and allow your mind to find triggers and patterns that pertain to the question at hand. Timothy D. A genuinely original book on women's self-development! Tea is mixed around in a cup before being flipped upside down on a saucer. The Moon and her energies are a mysterious, powerful force in our lives. One of the shortest, most profound, and beautiful of Buddhist texts speaks of the difference…. The Heart Sutra: What we perceive is not what is One of the shortest, most profound, and beautiful of Buddhist texts speaks of the difference….
    [Show full text]
  • GLYCO 21 XXI International Symposium on Glycoconjugates
    GLYCO 21 XXI International Symposium on Glycoconjugates Abstracts August 21-26, 2011 Vienna, Austria Glycoconj J (2011) 28: 197–36 9 Organising Committee Erika Staudacher (Austria) Leopold März (Austria) Günter Allmaier (Austria) Lothar Brecker (Austria) Josef Glössl (Austria) Hanspeter Kählig (Austria) Paul Kosma (Austria) Lukas Mach (Austria) Paul Messner (Austria) Walther Schmid (Austria) Igor Tvaroška (Slovakia) Reinhard Vlasak (Austria) Iain Wilson (Austria) Scientifi c Program Committee Iain Wilson (Austria) Paul Messner (Austria) Günter Allmaier (Austria) Reginald Bittner (Austria) Paul Kosma (Austria) Eva Stöger (Austria) Graham Warren (Austria) John Hanover (USA; nominated by the Society for Glycobiology) Kelly ten Hagen (USA; nominated by the Society for Glycobiology) supported in abstract selection by Michael Duchêne (Austria) Catherine Merry (UK) Tadashi Suzuki (Japan) Abstracts of the 21st International Symposium on Glycoconjugates The International Glycoconjugate Organisation Gerald W. Hart, President Leopold März, President-elect Paul Gleeson, Immediate Past-president Sandro Sonnino, Secretary Thierry Hennet, Treasurer National Representatives Pedro Bonay (Spain) to replace Angelo Reglero Nicolai Bovin (Russia) Jin Won Cho (Korea) Henrik Clausen (Denmark) Anne Dell (UK) Jukka Finne (Finland) Paul Gleeson (Australia) Jianxin Gu (China) Gerald Hart (USA) Thierry Hennet (Switzerland) Jim Jamieson (Canada) Gordan Lauc (Croatia) Hakon Leffl er (Sweden) Jean-Claude Michalski (France) Werner Reutter (Germany) Sandro Sonnino (Italy) Avadhesha Surolia (India) Ken Kitajima (Japan) Maciej Ugorski (Poland) Johannes F.G. Vliegenthart (The Netherlands) Iain Wilson (Austria) to replace Leopold März Albert M. Wu (Taiwan) Lode Wyns (Belgium) Yehiel Zick (Israel) Glycoconj J (2011) 28: 197–369 Past Presidents Eugene. A. Davidson (USA) Alan B. Foster (UK) Paul Gleeson (Australia) Mary Catherine Glick (USA) Colin Hughes (UK) Roger W.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Members of the Genus Homo -. EXPLORATIONS: an OPEN INVITATION to BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
    EXPLORATIONS: AN OPEN INVITATION TO BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY Editors: Beth Shook, Katie Nelson, Kelsie Aguilera and Lara Braff American Anthropological Association Arlington, VA 2019 Explorations: An Open Invitation to Biological Anthropology is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. ISBN – 978-1-931303-63-7 www.explorations.americananthro.org 10. Early Members of the Genus Homo Bonnie Yoshida-Levine Ph.D., Grossmont College Learning Objectives • Describe how early Pleistocene climate change influenced the evolution of the genus Homo. • Identify the characteristics that define the genus Homo. • Describe the skeletal anatomy of Homo habilis and Homo erectus based on the fossil evidence. • Assess opposing points of view about how early Homo should be classified. Describe what is known about the adaptive strategies of early members of the Homo genus, including tool technologies, diet, migration patterns, and other behavioral trends.The boy was no older than 9 when he perished by the swampy shores of the lake. After death, his slender, long-limbed body sank into the mud of the lake shallows. His bones fossilized and lay undisturbed for 1.5 million years. In the 1980s, fossil hunter Kimoya Kimeu, working on the western shore of Lake Turkana, Kenya, glimpsed a dark colored piece of bone eroding in a hillside. This small skull fragment led to the discovery of what is arguably the world’s most complete early hominin fossil—a youth identified as a member of the species Homo erectus. Now known as Nariokotome Boy, after the nearby lake village, the skeleton has provided a wealth of information about the early evolution of our own genus, Homo (see Figure 10.1).
    [Show full text]
  • IMPACT of INFECTIOUS DISEASE on HUMANS and OUR ORIGINS Glossary
    IMPACT OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE ON HUMANS AND OUR ORIGINS Glossary Actin: A protein that forms the internal skeleton of animal cells, Autoimmunity: An organism’s aberrant immune response including red blood cells (RBCs). against its own healthy cells and tissues. Low-level autoimmunity is usually harmless and potentially beneficial, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): A serious high-level autoimmunity can cause a broad range of type of respiratory failure characterized by rapid onset of deleterious illnesses known as autoimmune diseases (e.g. widespread fluid buildup in the lungs, which limits oxygen lupus). uptake and causes shortness of breath, rapid breathing, and bluish skin coloration. Bacteria: A type of prokaryotic microorganism. Unlike eukaryotes, bacterial cells do not contain a nucleus and rarely Adhesin: Proteins produced by bacteria and protozoa that harbour membrane-bound organelles. Bacteria were among mediate binding to molecules on host cells. the first life forms to evolve on Earth, and can be found in most every habitat, including soil, water, acidic hot springs, Malarial adhesins can be transferred to the surface of radioactive waste, the deep biosphere of the earth’s crust, and red blood cells (RBCs) causing them to become sticky in and on other living organisms as symbionts and parasites. and adhere to other RBCs and vessel walls, resulting in Bacteria can be beneficial, such as those comprising the gut microvascular inflammation. flora, orpathogenic and cause infectious disease. However, the vast majority of the bacteria in the body are rendered Adjuvant: A pharmacological or immunological agent that harmless by the protective effects of the immune system.
    [Show full text]
  • The Treeness of the Tree of Historical Trees of Life
    RESEARCH ARTICLE The treeness of the tree of historical trees of life 1 2 3 1 Marie Fisler , CeÂdric CreÂmière , Pierre Darlu , Guillaume LecointreID * 1 UMR 7205 CNRS-MNHN-SU-EPHE « Institut de SysteÂmatique, Evolution et Biodiversite », deÂpartement « Origines & E volution », MuseÂum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, 2 MuseÂe d'Histoire Naturelle du Havre, Place du vieux marcheÂ, Le Havre, France, 3 UMR 7206 CNRS-MNHN-UPD « Eco-anthropologie et Ethnobiologie », deÂpartement « Hommes, Nature et SocieÂteÂs », MuseÂum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract a1111111111 This paper compares and categorizes historical ideas about trees showing relationships among biological entities. The hierarchical structure of a tree is used to test the global con- sistency of similarities among these ideas; in other words we assess the ªtreenessº of the OPEN ACCESS tree of historical trees. The collected data are figures and ideas about trees showing rela- Citation: Fisler M, CreÂmière C, Darlu P, Lecointre G tionships among biological entities published or drawn by naturalists from 1555 to 2012. (2020) The treeness of the tree of historical trees of They are coded into a matrix of 235 historical trees and 141 descriptive attributes. From the life. PLoS ONE 15(1): e0226567. https://doi.org/ most parsimonious ªtreeº of historical trees, treeness is measured by consistency index, 10.1371/journal.pone.0226567 retention index and homoplasy excess ratio. This tree is used to create sets or categories of Editor: Marc Robinson-Rechavi, Universite de trees, or to study the circulation of ideas. From an unrooted network of historical trees, tree- Lausanne Faculte de biologie et medecine, ness is measured by the delta-score.
    [Show full text]
  • Alderac Entertainment Grouppresents
    ALDERAC ENTERTAINMENT GROUP PRESENTS ULTIMATE TOOLBOX WRITING AND DEVELOPMENT DAWN IBACH JEFF IBACH JIM PINTO ADDITIONAL WRITING DALE C. MCCOY, JR. EDITING JANICE M. SELLERS COVER ART MATTHEW ARMSTRONG GRAPHIC DESIGN DAVE AGOSTON JIM PINTO INTERIOR ART JONATHAN HUNT CARTOGRAPHY ED BOURELLE CREATIVE MANAGER JIM PINTO PRODUCTION MANAGER DAVE LEPORE SPECIAL THANKS BRUCE ALDERMAN JANEL BISACQUINO JON HODGSON AMANDA JOSE SARAO ANGELO SARGENTINI DEDICATION FOR ERIC WUJCIK, WHO INSPIRED US ALL Copyright © 2009 Alderac Entertainment Group. All rights reserved. Printed in Canada CHAPTER SIX Chapter six magic 250 CHAPTER SIX Table 6–8: Magic Weapon Traits 1 The blade is curved and smooth and its opposite edge is serrated in a manner resembling fire. 2 The end is gilded in pure gold and the protruding spikes resemble the suns rays. 3 Gold inlays of vines entwine the shaft of this weapon. Emerald leaves are set into it. 4 The blade bears an intricately etched hunt scene. 5 The bone shaft is veined with mithral, pulsing a faint glow. Strange symbols dance between the veins. 6 The grip is wrapped in what appears to be hair, possibly from a fell creature of the Abyss. 7 The grip is wrapped in blue dragon hide, the pommel bears an amethyst of the brightest hue, and the crossguard is polished silver, molded to look like it’s covered in dragon scales. 8 The grip is wrapped in multicolored cloth strips leading to a bright red tassel made of fox hair. 9 The hilt is split at both ends of the crossguard as if two forked tongues protruded from each end.
    [Show full text]