DOCSLIB.ORG

Fifth Re-Examination of the Permanent Vegetation Quadrats on Little Barrier Island

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Fifth Re-Examination of the Permanent Vegetation Quadrats on Little Barrier Island TANE 28,1982 FIFTH RE-EXAMINATION OF THE PERMANENT VEGETATION QUADRATS ON LITTLE BARRIER ISLAND by C.J. West* and P.J. Bellingham * Department of Botany, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland t School of Forestry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag, Christchurch SUMMARY Two permanent vegetation quadrats established in 1954 and last examined in 1971 were re-examined in 1981. While there has been comparatively little change in the frequency and density of species in Quadrat 1, there has been considerable change in Quadrat 2 with Agathis australis now the most abundant species. Several species are recorded for the first time in Quadrat 2.The frequency of species in the ground cover and epiphytic vegetation is recorded for the first time. Diameters of poles and saplings (Quadrat 1) and poles (Quadrat 2) are included for use in later examinations of these quadrats. INTRODUCTION In May 1954 two permanent quadrats were established in a regenerating Leptospermum ericoides stand along the Thumb Track on Little Barrier Island in order to quantitatively assess changes in vegetation with time. Since their establishment the quadrats have been examined in August 1958 (Percy 1958), August 1963 (English and Brock 1964), August 1967 (Parris and Keen 1968) and April 1971 (Parris 1971). The present examination took place in August 1981. Details of the location of the quadrats are given by Bellingham and Percy (1954) and Parris and Keen (1968). However, the marker pegs referred to, on the track, have'been removed and the quadrats were relocated by reference to clues given in these two papers. No pegs were available to replace the removed markers so additional information is supplied. Both quadrats are on the eastern side of the track. Quadrat 1 is above the 200 ft altitude marker and is 31.4 m up the track from the edge of the "Moss Clearing". Peg number 4 (see Fig. 1) is approximately 1.5 m from the edge of the track at this point, and is concealed behind a Leptospermum ericoides trunk. All four corner pegs are present (Fig. 1). Quadrat 2 is below the 600 ft altitude marker. This quadrat was relocated using the compass bearing of 126° from the only large Agathis australis on the western side of the track which fitted the description given by Bellingham and Percy (1954). Corner peg number 1 (see Fig. 1) 7 8 is located near a 1.5 m tall Cyathea dealbata. Peg number 2 is near a clump of Collospermum hastatum while peg number 3 is missing altogether. There is a mature Knightia excelsa between the western edge of the quadrat and the track (Fig. 1). SAMPLING METHODS An altered version of English and Brock's (1964) method of sampling was used. The vegetation was divided as follows: Poles. Greater than 10 cm D.B.H. (diameter at breast height = 1.4 m above ground level on the highest side of the tree). Saplings. Between 2.5 and 10.0 cm D.B.H. which were further subdivided into: A. 7.5 to 10.0 cm D.B.H. B. 5.0 to 7.5 cm D.B.H. C. 2.5 to 5.0 cm D.B.H. Striplings. Less than 2.5 cm D.B.H. and taller than 30 cm. These were further subdivided into height classes: A. 3.0 to 4.5 m B. 1.5 to 3.0 m C. 30cm to 1.5 m Seedlings. Dicotyledons (excluding Metrosideros perforata), gymnosperms and tree ferns less than 30 cm in height. Ground cover and Epiphytes. Cryptogams (excluding tree ferns) and monocotyledons. Density was not recorded for this category. Canopy heights were assessed but not measured. Quadrat 1 is a square (30 ft x 30 ft) while Quadrat 2 is a rectangle (60 ft x 30 ft). Each quadrat was divided into 6 ft* plots which were sampled separately as above. Because of the missing corner peg and the more variable terrain of Quadrat 2, 55 such plots were sampled instead of 50. There was certainly no overlap of plots. Thus the results obtained from the re-examination of this quadrat are not strictly comparable with previous, results. Fig. 1 shows the layout of the plots within the quadrats. Except where otherwise referenced, nomenclature follows Allan (1961) for lycopods, ferns and dicotyledons, Moore and Edgar (1970) for native monocotyledons and Healy and Edgar (1980) for exotic monocotyledons. RESULTS The raw data obtained per plot, have been lodged at the University of Auckland and can be made available on request. Pole and sapling diameters are recorded in Appendices I and II. 9 Frequency (F) and density (D) were calculated as follows :- F = plots in which species occurs x 100 total no. of plots D = total no. of individuals of a given species total area of quadrat (yd2) In Table 1 and Table 2 the above parameters have two values each. The value in parenthesis indicates the total frequency and density of each species. The first value in each instance excludes seedling numbers and is therefore comparable with previous work. For some species, e.g. Coprosma rhamnoides (Table 1) and C. spathulata (Table 2), the inclusion of seedlings in frequency and density values greatly increases the ranking of these species within each quadrat. Density could not be recorded for epiphytes and ground cover species because individual plants are often very difficult to define although frequency was recorded by the number of plots in which a plant was rooted. Frequency should be recorded in later examinations of the permanent quadrats in view of the large number of new, non-ephemeral species recorded since 1971 (Table 3, Table 4). DISCUSSION Quadrat 1 The canopy is formed by approximately 12 m tall Leptospermum ericoides with a subcanopy at about 4 m comprised of Coprosma arborea, Pittosporum umbellatum and Myrsine australis. There is a very sparse understorey mostly of M. australis with some Melicytus ramiflorus. Ground cover is largely Doodia media with scattered, quite large Asplenium oblongifolium. Leptospermum ericoides remains the canopy species but there has been a decline to nearly half the number originally present (Table 1); there are several fallen trees at the lower side (south-east) of the quadrat. Coprosma arborea remains the largest contributor to the sapling category, but Pittosporum umbellatum appears to be assuming greater importance in this category. Both species are actively growing through the sapling size classes and may form a low canopy when the remaining Leptospermum ericoides dies out. Myrsine australis is still the most abundant in the stripling category. Overall, though, there has been a marked decline in numbers of most species present; Pittosporum tenuifolium is no longer present and Geniostoma ligustrifolium, recorded as seedlings by Parris (1971), has failed to become established. However, the first recorded appearance of Rhopalostytis sapida and Pseudopanax crassifolius x 10 Table 1. Species found in Quadrat 1 arranged in order of density. Figures in parenthesis for density and frequency include seedlings. DENSITY FREQUENCY SAPLINGS STRIPLINGS SPECIES YEAR POLES A B C ABC SEEDLINGS Nestegis lanceolata 1954 0.01 2 1963 0.03 10 1 1 2 - - - 1967 0.04 14 1 1 2 3 _ 1971 0.04 14 1 2 - - Spars- e 18(22) 2 2 2 4 4 1981 0.04 (0.05) 1 3 2 - Nothofagus truncata 1954 0.02 6 - _ (1958) Present -1 -2 1963 0.02 6 - _ 1967 0 .0! h _ _ 1 3 -Present 1971 0.02 6 - _ 3 Absent 1981 0.03(0.04) 13(20) 2 1 1 7 3 Knightia excelsa 1954 _ _ _ _ - (1958) present x x 1963 0.03 10 2 2 1 - 1967 I .03 8 -1 2 2 1 - 2 -Sparse 1971 0.04 8 1 . 1981 0.02(0.03) 7(16) -1 3 12 1 5 Geniostoma Ligustrifolium 1954 0.05 16 - - - 1963 0.02 8 4 1967 0.05 18 -1 B - 1971 0.05 16 1 e Absen- t 1981 0.01(0.03) 7(13) 2 2 4 Pseudopanax discolor 1954 0.01 2 . _ 1963 0.02 6 1 2 1967 0.03 4 1 2 - 1971 D.0J 2 ; - 1981 0.01(0.02) 2(9) - 4 '• Corokia buddleoides 1954 0.01 2 _ _ 1963 0.01 2 i 1[)67 0.01 2 i - 1971 0.01 2 ; Absen- t 1981 0.01(0.01] 4(4) Absent 3 Beilschmiedia taua 1954 0.01 2 - (1958) Present 1963 0.02 4 i 2 1967 0.02 4 1 2 - 1971 0.01 4 1 1 -Absent 1981 0.01(0.01) 2(2) - I Absent Pittosporum cornifolium 1981 0.01(0.01) 4(4) 1 1 4(4) Absent Toronia toru (Johnsons Briggs 1981 0.01(0.01) .: 1975) Pseudopanax lessonii 1981 0.01(0.01) 2(2) ! 1 Leptospermum scoparium 1981 0.01(0.01) 2(2) 1 Absent Dysoxylum spectabile 1981 x (0.01) x(4) 2 Clematis paniculata 1961 x (0.01) x(2) 1 Nestegis cunninghami 1954 0.01 2 . (Johnson 1959) 1963 0.04 12 - 2 2 1 1 - 1967 0.02 6 2 1 _ - 1971 0.02 6 1 1 1 1 _ Absent 1981 Absent * x Coprosma lucida 19 54 0.01 2 - - 196 3 0.01 2 1967 0.01 2 1971 0.01 _ Absent 1981 2 * x Pseudopanax crassifolius 1954 0.02 4 1963 0.01 2 1 1967 x ... 1971 x X Absent 1981 z Absent x * Cyathea medullaris 1954 0.03 10 1963 X X 1967 X X Absent 1 07 1 X * Absent 1981 X Numbers in each class as * 1963 4.5 3.0 5.0 6.5 1.6 11.1 68 5 of total number 1967 4.0 2.1 4.3 4.7 1.3 11.7 71 9 1971 5.8 3.9 5.6 6.7 1.7 15.0 61 4 1981 (excluding seedlings) 3.5 2.4 1.7 4.0 4.1 16.4 67 7 1.8 1.3 0.9 2.1 2.3 8.6 35 5 47.6 x = not recorded.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Otanewainuku ED (Report Prepared on 13 August 2013)
    1 NZFRI collection wish list for Otanewainuku ED (Report prepared on 13 August 2013) Fern Ally Isolepis cernua Lycopodiaceae Isolepis inundata Lycopodium fastigiatum Isolepis marginata Lycopodium scariosum Isolepis pottsii Psilotaceae Isolepis prolifera Tmesipteris lanceolata Lepidosperma australe Lepidosperma laterale Gymnosperm Schoenoplectus pungens Cupressaceae Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Schoenus apogon Cupressus macrocarpa Schoenus tendo Pinaceae Uncinia filiformis Pinus contorta Uncinia gracilenta Pinus patula Uncinia rupestris Pinus pinaster Uncinia scabra Pinus ponderosa Hemerocallidaceae Pinus radiata Dianella nigra Pinus strobus Phormium cookianum subsp. hookeri Podocarpaceae Phormium tenax Podocarpus totara var. totara Iridaceae Prumnopitys taxifolia Crocosmia xcrocosmiiflora Libertia grandiflora Monocotyledon Libertia ixioides Agapanthaceae Watsonia bulbillifera Agapanthus praecox Juncaceae Alliaceae Juncus articulatus Allium triquetrum Juncus australis Araceae Juncus conglomeratus Alocasia brisbanensis Juncus distegus Arum italicum Juncus edgariae Lemna minor Juncus effusus var. effusus Zantedeschia aethiopica Juncus sarophorus Arecaceae Juncus tenuis var. tenuis Rhopalostylis sapida Luzula congesta Asparagaceae Luzula multiflora Asparagus aethiopicus Luzula picta var. limosa Asparagus asparagoides Orchidaceae Cordyline australis x banksii Acianthus sinclairii Cordyline banksii x pumilio Aporostylis bifolia Asteliaceae Corunastylis nuda Collospermum microspermum Diplodium alobulum Commelinaceae
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Charts for Native to the West Booklet
    26 Pohutukawa • Oi exposed coastal ecosystem KEY ♥ Nurse plant ■ Main component ✤ rare ✖ toxic to toddlers coastal sites For restoration, in this habitat: ••• plant liberally •• plant generally • plant sparingly Recommended planting sites Back Boggy Escarp- Sharp Steep Valley Broad Gentle Alluvial Dunes Area ment Ridge Slope Bottom Ridge Slope Flat/Tce Medium trees Beilschmiedia tarairi taraire ✤ ■ •• Corynocarpus laevigatus karaka ✖■ •••• Kunzea ericoides kanuka ♥■ •• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• Metrosideros excelsa pohutukawa ♥■ ••••• • •• •• Small trees, large shrubs Coprosma lucida shining karamu ♥ ■ •• ••• ••• •• •• Coprosma macrocarpa coastal karamu ♥ ■ •• •• •• •••• Coprosma robusta karamu ♥ ■ •••••• Cordyline australis ti kouka, cabbage tree ♥ ■ • •• •• • •• •••• Dodonaea viscosa akeake ■ •••• Entelea arborescens whau ♥ ■ ••••• Geniostoma rupestre hangehange ♥■ •• • •• •• •• •• •• Leptospermum scoparium manuka ♥■ •• •• • ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• Leucopogon fasciculatus mingimingi • •• ••• ••• • •• •• • Macropiper excelsum kawakawa ♥■ •••• •••• ••• Melicope ternata wharangi ■ •••••• Melicytus ramiflorus mahoe • ••• •• • •• ••• Myoporum laetum ngaio ✖ ■ •••••• Olearia furfuracea akepiro • ••• ••• •• •• Pittosporum crassifolium karo ■ •• •••• ••• Pittosporum ellipticum •• •• Pseudopanax lessonii houpara ■ ecosystem one •••••• Rhopalostylis sapida nikau ■ • •• • •• Sophora fulvida west coast kowhai ✖■ •• •• Shrubs and flax-like plants Coprosma crassifolia stiff-stemmed coprosma ♥■ •• ••••• Coprosma repens taupata ♥ ■ •• •••• ••
    [Show full text]
  • Breeding Systems and Reproduction of Indigenous Shrubs in Fragmented
    Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. Breeding systems and reproduction of indigenous shrubs in fragmented ecosystems A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy III Plant Ecology at Massey University by Merilyn F Merrett .. � ... : -- �. � Massey University Palrnerston North, New Zealand 2006 Abstract Sixteen native shrub species with various breeding systems and pollination syndromes were investigated in geographically separated populations to determine breeding systems, reproductive success, population structure, and habitat characteristics. Of the sixteen species, seven are hermaphroditic, seven dioecious, and two gynodioecious. Two of the dioecious species are cryptically dioecious, producing what appear to be perfect, hermaphroditic flowers,but that functionas either male or female. One of the study species, Raukauaanomalus, was thought to be dioecious, but proved to be hermaphroditic. Teucridium parvifolium, was thought to be hermaphroditic, but some populations are gynodioecious. There was variation in self-compatibility among the fo ur AIseuosmia species; two are self-compatible and two are self-incompatible. Self­ incompatibility was consistent amongst individuals only in A. quercifolia at both study sites, whereas individuals in A. macrophylia ranged from highly self-incompatible to self-compatible amongst fo ur study sites. The remainder of the hermaphroditic study species are self-compatible. Five of the species appear to have dual pollination syndromes, e.g., bird-moth, wind-insect, wind-animal. High levels of pollen limitation were identified in three species at fo ur of the 34 study sites.
    [Show full text]
  • Full List of Native Plant Species in the Topehaehae Gully Restoration
    Full list of native plant species in the Topehaehae Gully Restoration Species Common name Māori name 2017 2018 2019 2020 Total Agathis australis Kauri 8 2 1 11 Alectryon excelsus NZ Ash Tītoki 10 2 12 Alseuosmia macrophylla Toropapa, Karapapa 10 10 Aristotelia serrata Wineberry Makomako 72 6 78 Astelia grandis Swamp astelia 5 25 1 14 45 Astelia hastata Collospermum Kahakaha 2 2 4 Astelia solandri Perching astelia/lily Kaiwharawhara 4 1 5 Beilschmiedia tawa Tawa 6 2 8 Bolboschoenus fluviatilis Marsh clubrush Pūrua grass 10 10 Brachyglottis repanda Rangiora 16 16 Carex dissita 5 10 15 Carex geminata 1 1 Carex lambertiana 10 10 Carex secta Pukio 100 180 280 Carex solandri 95 17 8 6 126 Carex sp. Sedge Pūrei 1 1 2 Hook grass, Dense Carex uncinata sedge Kamu, Matau-a-māui 10 10 Carex virgata Swamp sedge Pukio, Toitoi, Toetoe 30 30 Carmichaelia australis NZ broom Mākaka 40 1 41 Carpodetus serratus Marbleleaf Putaputawētā 35 30 1 66 Clematis paniculata Clematis Puawānanga 1 2 3 Coprosma arborea Tree karamu Māmāngi 8 16 24 Coprosma areolata Thin leaved Coprosma 8 98 106 Large leaved Coprosma grandifolia Coprosma Kanono 26 78 13 117 Coprosma lucida Broadleaf Karamū 6 2 21 29 Coprosma propinqua Mingimingi 14 95 2 27 138 Coprosma rhamnoides Red-fruited coprosma 10 30 2 42 Coprosma rigida Stiff karamū 25 225 12 262 Coprosma robusta Karamū 226 73 299 Round-leaved Coprosma rotundifolia Coprosma 11 4 15 30 Coprosma spathulata 6 4 10 Coprosma tenuicaulis Swamp Coprosma Hukihuki 27 20 24 71 Cordyline australis Cabbage tree Tī kōuka 157 7 34 198 Cyperus
    [Show full text]
  • Key Ecological Sites of Hamilton City Volume I
    Key Ecological Sites of Hamilton City Volume I CBER Contract Report 121 Client report prepared for Hamilton City Council by Toni S. Cornes, Rachel E. Thomson, Bruce D. Clarkson Centre for Biodiversity and Ecology Research Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering The University of Waikato Private Bag 3105 Hamilton, New Zealand May 31st 2012 Email: [email protected] i ii Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................ 1 Report Context and Overview...................................................................................................... 2 Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 2 Hamilton City Boundaries ................................................................................................................ 3 Ecology of Hamilton ......................................................................................................................... 4 Climate ......................................................................................................................................... 4 Geology ........................................................................................................................................ 4 Landforms and Vegetation Types ................................................................................................ 4 Fauna of Hamilton
    [Show full text]
  • Botanical Society of Otago Newsletter Number 33 August - Sept
    Botanical Society of Otago Newsletter Number 33 August - Sept. 2002 BSO Meetings and Field Trips 11 Sept, Wed 5.30 pm. Threatened plants of Otago. John Barkla, a botanist with the Otago Conservancy of DOC, will discuss the new system for classifying species according to the threat of extinction and how this applies to Otago's threatened plants. John will show slides of some of the most threatened plants and talk about the conservation programmes being implemented for them. Meet Zoology Annexe Seminar Room, Great King St, behind the car park between Dental School and Zoology. Be prompt or knock loudly, Drinks, chat & nibbles. 28 Sept, Sat. 1pm. Graham's Bush. Ralf Ohlemueller will take us to look at the native and exotic species richness of Graham's Bush. As one of a series of trips to significant remnants of indigenous forest in coastal Otago, this trip will focus on weed invasions in different parts of Graham's Bush, which is just above Sawyers Bay. We will be walking along a well- maintained track for 2-3 hours. Meet at 1pm, Botany Dept. car park, 464 Great King Street. 19 Oct, Sat. 10 am. Breathtaking Botanismg at Heyward Point with Robyn Bridges. We will visit the DoC Reserve, check out the seals at the point and amble round the cliffs to the glorious Kai Kai beach. Wind sculptured totara, Kowhai, lots of fili-ramulose species (once browsed by ratites?), caves, mussels if the tide is right, and a visit to a piece of priceless real estate. A good round trip of about 6 hours.
    [Show full text]
  • Koromatua Bush Pirongia Highway
    Moore and Wodzicki (1950) recorded 4 vascular plants including a grass ( and 10 algae) amongst gannet nest material on White Island in the Bay of Plenty. The terrestial plants included the same 3 found growing on Oaia Island. Imagine the damage to Oaias vegetation if most gannet nests annually have pieces of vascular plants added to them. Cooks scurvy grass has drastically declined throughout New Zealand; it was well known on Aucklands west coast in the 1930s and was recorded at Piha in 1948 (Esler 1975). The 1953 Oaia record of scurvy grass appears to be the last that close to Auckland. The increase of gannets may have caused the loss of scurvy grass on Oaia but it is well suited to guano enriched islands (Ogle 1987). We thank the Muriwai Surf Life Saving Club for transporting us to the island and F.I. Dromgoole for assisting identify the Prasiola. REFERENCES Esler A.E. 1975. Vegetation of the sand country boardering the Waitakere Range Auckland: Piha Beach. Proceedings of the New Zealand Ecological Society 22: 52 56. Fleming C.A. & Sibson R.B. 1947. Contributions to the Gannet Census I. Oaia gannetry Muriwai from 1942 to 1948. Notornis 2(4): 62. Fleming C.A. & Wodzicki K.A. 1952. A census of the gannet (Sula serrator) in New Zealand. Notornis 5(2): 39 78. Moore L.B. & Wodzicki K. 1950 Plant material from gannets nests. Notornis 4: 12 13. Ogle CC. 1987. The retreat of Cooks scurvy grass. Forest & Bird 18(1): 26. Reed S. 1979. Establishment of a new gannetry.
    [Show full text]
  • Botanical Features of Whakanewha Regional Park Waiheke Island
    Botanical features of Whakanewha Regional Park Waiheke Island Mike Wilcox Andy Spence & Peter White Summary The main vegetation types of Whakanewha Regional Park (247 ha) Waiheke Island are coastal forest dominated by taraire {Beilschmiedia tarairi) regenerating Leptospermum B\\6 Kunzea scrub wetlands and mangroves and coastal beaches and shell banks. To date 445 species of higher plants have been recorded comprising 265 native species (59%) and 180 introduced species (41%). History of Waihekes vegetation kauri forests of the western end of the island had Waiheke Island covers an area of 9320 ha in the disappeared. Hauraki Gulf 20 km from Auckland. There is surprisingly little in the way of published accounts of In 1826 the European onslaught against kauri began the botany of Waiheke since the paper by Kirk (1878) when the barque St Patrick with the assistance of which gives an idea of the original forest patterns. local Maori (Ngati Paoa) loaded kauri spars at Man O There is not a great deal of native bush left now on War Bay. Up until the 1850s Maori willingly cut and Waiheke following centuries of Maori occupation and dragged out kauri logs and Europeans carted them cutting of the forests for timber and firewood and away. Soil erosion so evident today in western parts clearing of the land for farming (White 2000; Chappie of the island was begun by Maori with their cultivation Ebbett & Kitson 2001). Most of the remaining bush practices and massive earthworks for pa sites but was remnants were surveyed and reported on by greatly accelerated by the European with their Fitzgibbon & Slaven (1988).
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation Status of New Zealand Indigenous Vascular Plants, 2012
    NEW ZEALAND THREAT CLASSIFICATION SERIES 3 Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2012 Peter J. de Lange, Jeremy R. Rolfe, Paul D. Champion, Shannel P. Courtney, Peter B. Heenan, John W. Barkla, Ewen K. Cameron, David A. Norton and Rodney A. Hitchmough Cover: The Nationally Critical shrub Pittosporum serpentinum from the Surville Cliffs is severely affected by possums, and no seedlings have been found during recent surveys. Photo: Jeremy Rolfe. New Zealand Threat Classification Series is a scientific monograph series presenting publications related to the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS). Most will be lists providing NZTCS status of members of a plant or animal group (e.g. algae, birds, spiders). There are currently 23 groups, each assessed once every 3 years. After each 3-year cycle there will be a report analysing and summarising trends across all groups for that listing cycle. From time to time the manual that defines the categories, criteria and process for the NZTCS will be reviewed. Publications in this series are considered part of the formal international scientific literature. This report is available from the departmental website in pdf form. Titles are listed in our catalogue on the website, refer www.doc.govt.nz under Publications, then Science & technical. © Copyright August 2013, New Zealand Department of Conservation ISSN 2324–1713 (web PDF) ISBN 978–0–478–14995–1 (web PDF) This report was prepared for publication by the Publishing Team; editing by Amanda Todd and layout by Lynette Clelland. Publication was approved by the Deputy Director-General, Science and Capability Group, Department of Conservation, Wellington, New Zealand.
    [Show full text]
  • Indigenous Vascular Plants of the Serpentine Area of Surville Cliffs and Adjacent Cliff Tops, North-West of North Cape, New Zealand
    TANE 25, 1979 INDIGENOUS VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE SERPENTINE AREA OF SURVILLE CLIFFS AND ADJACENT CLIFF TOPS, NORTH-WEST OF NORTH CAPE, NEW ZEALAND by A.P. Druce,* J.K. Bartlett. t and R.O. Gardner tt * Botany Division Substation, DSIR, Lower Hull t6 Grove Lane, Pakuranga. Auckland ttC/- Botany Division Substation, DSIR, Auckland SUMMARY An annotated list of indigenous vascular plants from the serpentine area of Surville Cliffs and adjacent cliff tops, north-west of North Cape, is presented. Of the 144 species listed 95 are not recorded by either Wheeler (1963), or Beever and Jane (1967). Some general impressions of the cliff vegetation are given. INTRODUCTION This list is a by-product of a short visit we made (8, 9 April, 1979) to the Surville Cliffs serpentine area, North Cape Scenic Reserve, to study the three locally-endemic species and subspecies of Coprosma. It was only after we realised that a number of the vascular plants on the cliffs had not been recorded by Wheeler (1963), or Beever and Jane (1967), that we decided to compile a check-list. In view of the short time available, one and a half days, it is very probable that the list is still incomplete. The Surville Cliffs constitute the northernmost part of the North Island of New Zealand and rise at their highest point nearly 200m above the sea (Fig. 1). The serpentine part of the cliffs is about 3km long (Thomson et al. 1974) and of this we examined about 1km (NZMS 1 Nl and 2 490553 to 500556) (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Plant Species in Te Urewera National Park
    FACT SHEET SEPTEMBER 2005 Native Plant Species in Te Urewera National Park This list of 563 plant species is drawn from a number of published and unpublished lists prepared by various authors over the last few decades. The species names have been updated where necessary. It provides, as far as possible, a comprehensive list for the botanist as a tool for plant appreciation, research and education. The plants have been divided up into major life-form groupings and common names have been provided as a guide for the non-specialist. Key to threat ♣♣♣♣♣ Acutely threatened, nationally endangered ranking ♣♣♣♣ Chronically threatened, serious decline ♣♣♣ Chronically threatened, gradual decline ♣♣ At risk sparse ♣ Range restricted Gymnospermous Dacrycarpus dacrydioides kahikatea, white pine Dacrydium cupressinum rimu, red pine trees and Halocarpus bidwillii bog pine shrubs Halocarpus biformis pink pine Lagarostobos colensoi silver pine Lepidothamnus laxifolius pygmy pine Libocedrus bidwillii a native cedar Phyllocladus alpinus mountain toatoa Phyllocladus alpinus X P. toatoa Totara (Podocarpus totara). Phyllocladus toatoa toatoa Phyllocladus trichomanoides tanekaha Podocarpus cunninghamii Hall’s totara Podocarpus halii X P. nivalis Podocarpus hallii X P. totara var. totara Podocarpus nivalis mountain totara Podocarpus totara var. totara totara Prumnopitys taxifolia matai Stachypitys ferrugineus miro Dicotyledonous Alectryon excelsus subsp. excelsus titoki Alepis flavida ♣♣♣♣ yellow mistletoe trees and Alseuosmia pusilla shrubs Androstoma empetrifolia Aristotelia fruiticosa 1 Produced by the Department of Conservation (D King), P O Box 668, Gisborne, Telephone (06) 869 0460 Fax: (06) 867 8015 Dicotyledonous Aristotelia serrata makomako Beilschmiedia tawa tawa trees and Brachyglottis kirkii var. kirkii ♣♣♣♣ tree daisy shrubs (cont.) Brachyglottis repanda rangiora, bushman’s friend Carmichaelia arborea a native broom Carpodetus serratus putaputaweta, marbleleaf Clianthus maximus ♣♣♣♣♣ kakabeak Coprosma aff.
    [Show full text]
  • Darwin's Six Botanical Books[11W-Oquotes-7328B]
    Cited Reference Search: Charles Darwin’s Six Botanical Books Web of Science – Citation Databases (search performed as of 28 January 2013) Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) --1979-present Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) --1981-present Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI) --1979-present Conference Proceedings Citation Index- Science (CPCI-S) --1990-present Conference Proceedings Citation Index- Social Science & Humanities (CPCI-SSH) --1990- present Number of articles (unique) retrieved: 3,310 Number of citing references: 3,718 (all variants per review) Orchids 723 Climbing Plants 117 Insectivorous Plants 249 Cross and Self Fertilisation 869 Forms of Flowers 1,115 Power of Movement 597 ____ 3,670 Note: There is some overlap/duplication due to multiple citations to Darwin per article and/or within any book set. Duplicates were removed within each book’s set of citing articles, but not across the six books (an article may cite multiple books, i.e., total number of citing references is 3,718; after removing the duplicates within each book set, the number is reduced to 3,670). Number of articles published per year demonstrates a steady output with slight growth, and a further increase in 2009 (birth bicentennial; 150 year publication of the Origin). See Analysis Report (at end) displaying the distribution of articles by publication year. Orchids – Citing References Ackerman, J. D. 1989. Limitations to sexual reproduction in Encyclia krugii (Orchidaceae). Systematic Botany 14(1): 101-109. Ackerman, J. D. and M. R. Mesler. 1979. Pollination biology of Listera cordata (Orchidaceae). American Journal of Botany 66(7): 820-824. Ackerman, J. D.
    [Show full text]