Sconser Quarry Baseline Video Survey January 2017
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Diseases Affecting Finfish
Diseases Affecting Finfish Legislation Ireland's Exotic / Disease Name Acronym Health Susceptible Species Vector Species Non-Exotic Listed National Status Disease Measures Bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis), goldfish (Carassius auratus), crucian carp (C. carassius), Epizootic Declared Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), redfin common carp and koi carp (Cyprinus carpio), silver carp (Hypophtalmichthys molitrix), Haematopoietic EHN Exotic * Disease-Free perch (Percha fluviatilis) Chub (Leuciscus spp), Roach (Rutilus rutilus), Rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus), tench Necrosis (Tinca tinca) Beluga (Huso huso), Danube sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii), Sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus), Starry sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus), Sturgeon (Acipenser sturio), Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser Baerii), Bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis), goldfish (Carassius auratus), Crucian carp (C. carassius), common carp and koi carp (Cyprinus carpio), silver carp (Hypophtalmichthys molitrix), Chub (Leuciscus spp), Roach (Rutilus rutilus), Rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus), tench (Tinca tinca) Herring (Cupea spp.), whitefish (Coregonus sp.), North African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), Northern pike (Esox lucius) Catfish (Ictalurus pike (Esox Lucius), haddock (Gadus aeglefinus), spp.), Black bullhead (Ameiurus melas), Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), Pangas Pacific cod (G. macrocephalus), Atlantic cod (G. catfish (Pangasius pangasius), Pike perch (Sander lucioperca), Wels catfish (Silurus glanis) morhua), Pacific salmon (Onchorhynchus spp.), Viral -
Determination of the Abundance and Population Structure of Buccinum Undatum in North Wales
Determination of the Abundance and Population Structure of Buccinum undatum in North Wales Zara Turtle Marine Environmental Protection MSc Redacted version September 2014 School of Ocean Sciences Bangor University Bangor University Bangor Gwynedd Wales LL57 2DG Declaration This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not being currently submitted for any degree. This dissertation is being submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement of the M.Sc. in Marine Environmental Protection. The dissertation is the result of my own independent work / investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by footnotes giving explicit references and a bibliography is appended. I hereby give consent for my dissertation, if accepted, to be made available for photocopying and for inter-library loan, and the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signed: Date: 12/09/2014 i Determination of the Abundance and Population Structure of Buccinum undatum in North Wales Zara Turtle Abstract A mark-recapture study and fisheries data analysis for the common whelk, Buccinum undatum, was undertaken for catches on a commercial fishing vessel operating from The fishing location, north Wales, from June-July 2014. Laboratory experiments were conducted on B.undatum to investigate tag retention rates and behavioural responses after being exposed to a number of treatments. Thick rubber bands were found to have a 100 % tag retention rate after four months. Riddling, tagging and air exposure do not affect the behavioural responses of B.undatum. The mark-recapture study was used to estimate population size and movement. 4007 whelks were tagged with thick rubber bands over three tagging events. -
Ambient Concentrations of Selected Organochlorines in Estuaries
Ambient concentrations of selected organochlorines in estuaries Organochlorines Programme Ministry for the Environment June 1999 Authors Sue Scobie Simon J Buckland Howard K Ellis Ray T Salter Organochlorines in New Zealand: Ambient concentrations of selected organochlorines in estuaries Published by Ministry for the Environment PO Box 10-362 Wellington ISBN 0 478 09036 6 First published November 1998 Revised June 1999 Printed on elemental chlorine free 50% recycled paper Foreword People around the world are concerned about organochlorine contaminants in the environment. Research has established that even the most remote regions of the world are affected by these persistent chemicals. Organochlorines, as gases or attached to dust, are transported vast distances by air and ocean currents – they have been found even in polar regions. Organochlorines are stored in body fat and accumulate through the food chain. Even a low concentration of emission to the environment can contribute in the long term to significant risks to the health of animals, including birds, marine mammals and humans. The contaminants of concern include dioxins (by-products of combustion and of some industrial processes), PCBs, and a number of chlorinated pesticides (for example, DDT and dieldrin). These chemicals have not been used in New Zealand for many years. But a number of industrial sites are contaminated, and dioxins continue to be released in small but significant quantities. In view of the international concern, the Government decided that we needed better information on the New Zealand situation. The Ministry for the Environment was asked to establish an Organochlorines Programme to carry out research, assess the data, and to consider management issues such as clean up targets and emission control standards. -
Shellfish Size at Maturity Review
Shellfish Size at Maturity Review Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2 American hard-shelled clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) ............................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Crawfish (Palinurus spp.) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Edible/brown crab (Cancer pagurus) ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Grooved carpetshell clam (Ruditapes decussatus) ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Lobster (Homarus gammarus) ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) -
Pecten Maximus) Sea-Ranching in Norway – Lessons Learned
Scallop (Pecten maximus) sea-ranching in Norway – lessons learned Ellen Sofie Grefsrud, Tore Strohmeier & Øivind Strand Background - Sea ranching in Norway • 1990-1997: Program to develop and encourage sea ranching (PUSH) • Focus on four species • Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) • Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) • Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) • European lobster (Homarus gammarus) • Only lobster showed an economic potential Grefsrud et. al, 6th ISSESR, 11-14 November, Sarasota FL, USA Background - Scallop sea ranching • 1980-90’s – a growing interest on scallop Pecten maximus cultivation in Norway • Based on suspended culture (1980’s) – labour costs high • European concensus that seeding on bottom was the most viable option • First experimental releases i Norway in mid-1990’s Photo: IMR Photo: IMR Grefsrud et. al, 6th ISSESR, 11-14 November, Sarasota FL, USA Production model Pecten maximus • Hatchery + nursery – larvae + 2-20 mm shell height • Intermediate culture – 20-55 mm • Grow-out on seabed – 55->100 mm Photo: IMR Three production steps to lower risk for investors and increase the profit in each step Time aspect – four-five years from hatchery to market sized scallops Grefsrud et. al, 6th ISSESR, 11-14 November, Sarasota FL, USA Hatchery + nursery • Established a commercial hatchery, Scalpro Photo: S. Andersen • Industry + research developed methodolgy for producing spat on a commercial scale • Larvae phase • Antibiotics and probiotica to prevent bacterial outbreaks (early phase) • Continous flow-through in larvae tank and increased volume • No use of antibiotics in commercial production • From hatching to spat in about three weeks Photo: IMR Grefsrud et. al, 6th ISSESR, 11-14 November, Sarasota FL, USA Hatchery + nursery • Transferred from hatchery to nursery in the sea at 2-4 mm • Land based race-way system – 2-20 mm Photo: IMR • Flow-through filtered sea water • Reduced predation and fouling • The commercial hatchery, Scalpro, covered both the hatchey and nursery phase Photo: IMR Grefsrud et. -
Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins in Bivalve Molluscs in Ireland
Amnesic shellfish poisoning toxins in bivalve molluscs in Ireland Kevin J. Jamesa,*, Marion Gillmana,Mo´nica Ferna´ndez Amandia, Ame´rico Lo´pez-Riverab, Patricia Ferna´ndez Puentea, Mary Lehanea, Simon Mitrovica, Ambrose Fureya aPROTEOBIO, Mass Spectrometry Centre for Proteomics and Biotoxin Research, Department of Chemistry, Cork Institute of Technology, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland bMarine Toxins Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile Abstract In December 1999, domoic acid (DA) a potent neurotoxin, responsible for the syndrome Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP) was detected for the first time in shellfish harvested in Ireland. Two liquid chromatography (LC) methods were applied to quantify DA in shellfish after sample clean-up using solid-phase extraction (SPE) with strong anion exchange (SAX) cartridges. Toxin detection was achieved using photodiode array ultraviolet (LC-UV) and multiple tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MSn). DA was identified in four species of bivalve shellfish collected along the west and south coastal regions of the Republic of Ireland. The amount of DA that was present in three species was within EU guideline limits for sale of shellfish (20 mg DA/g); mussels (Mytilus edulis), !1.0 mg DA/g; oysters (Crassostrea edulis), !5.0 mg DA/g and razor clams (Ensis siliqua), !0.3 mg DA/g. However, king scallops (Pecten maximus) posed a significant human health hazard with levels up to 240 mg DA/g total tissues. Most scallop samples (55%) contained DA at levels greater than the regulatory limit. The DA levels in the digestive glands of some samples of scallops were among the highest that have ever been recorded (2820 mg DA/g). -
Embryonic and Larval Development of Ensis Arcuatus (Jeffreys, 1865) (Bivalvia: Pharidae)
EMBRYONIC AND LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF ENSIS ARCUATUS (JEFFREYS, 1865) (BIVALVIA: PHARIDAE) FIZ DA COSTA, SUSANA DARRIBA AND DOROTEA MARTI´NEZ-PATIN˜O Centro de Investigacio´ns Marin˜as, Consellerı´a de Pesca e Asuntos Marı´timos, Xunta de Galicia, Apdo. 94, 27700 Ribadeo, Lugo, Spain (Received 5 December 2006; accepted 19 November 2007) ABSTRACT The razor clam Ensis arcuatus (Jeffreys, 1865) is distributed from Norway to Spain and along the British coast, where it lives buried in sand in low intertidal and subtidal areas. This work is the first study to research the embryology and larval development of this species of razor clam, using light and scanning electron microscopy. A new method, consisting of changing water levels using tide simulations with brief Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/mollus/article/74/2/103/1161011 by guest on 23 September 2021 dry periods, was developed to induce spawning in this species. The blastula was the first motile stage and in the gastrula stage the vitelline coat was lost. The shell field appeared in the late gastrula. The trocho- phore developed by about 19 h post-fertilization (hpf) (198C). At 30 hpf the D-shaped larva showed a developed digestive system consisting of a mouth, a foregut, a digestive gland followed by an intestine and an anus. Larvae spontaneously settled after 20 days at a length of 378 mm. INTRODUCTION following families: Mytilidae (Redfearn, Chanley & Chanley, 1986; Fuller & Lutz, 1989; Bellolio, Toledo & Dupre´, 1996; Ensis arcuatus (Jeffreys, 1865) is the most abundant species of Hanyu et al., 2001), Ostreidae (Le Pennec & Coatanea, 1985; Pharidae in Spain. -
Panopea Abrupta ) Ecology and Aquaculture Production
COMPREHENSIVE LITERATURE REVIEW AND SYNOPSIS OF ISSUES RELATING TO GEODUCK ( PANOPEA ABRUPTA ) ECOLOGY AND AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION Prepared for Washington State Department of Natural Resources by Kristine Feldman, Brent Vadopalas, David Armstrong, Carolyn Friedman, Ray Hilborn, Kerry Naish, Jose Orensanz, and Juan Valero (School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington), Jennifer Ruesink (Department of Biology, University of Washington), Andrew Suhrbier, Aimee Christy, and Dan Cheney (Pacific Shellfish Institute), and Jonathan P. Davis (Baywater Inc.) February 6, 2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES...............................................................................................................v 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................... 1 1.1 General life history ..................................................................................... 1 1.2 Predator-prey interactions........................................................................... 2 1.3 Community and ecosystem effects of geoducks......................................... 2 1.4 Spatial structure of geoduck populations.................................................... 3 1.5 Genetic-based differences at the population level ...................................... 3 1.6 Commercial geoduck hatchery practices ................................................... -
Pecten Maximus
Assessing the association between scallops, Pecten Maximus, and the benthic ecosystem within the Isle of Man marine reserves A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (MSc) in Marine Environmental Protection. Chyanna Allison Bsc Marine Biology with International Experience (2015, Bangor University) Supervisor: Michel J. Kaiser, Isobel Bloor and Jack Emmerson School of Ocean Sciences, College of Natural Sciences Bangor University, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK September 2016 DECLARATION This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not being concurrently submitted in candidature for any degree. Signed: Chyanna Allison Date: 16/09/16 STATEMENT 1: This thesis is the result of my own investigations, except where otherwise stated. Where correction services have been used, the extent and nature of the correction is clearly marked in a footnote(s). Other sources are acknowledged by footnotes giving explicit references. A bibliography is appended. Signed: Chyanna Allison Date: 16/09/16 STATEMENT 2: I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter- library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signed: Chyanna Allison Date: 16/09/16 NB: Candidates on whose behalf a bar on access has been approved by the University should use the following version of Statement 2: I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter- library loans after expiry of a bar on access approved by the University. Signed: Chyanna Allison Date: 16/09/16 i | P a g e Abstract The increased threat to the world’s marine environment has forced the use of management strategies that encourage resource sustainability like spatial closure and stock replenishment. -
First Detection of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from the French Mainland Coasts
toxins Article First Detection of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from the French Mainland Coasts Vincent Hort 1,*, Nathalie Arnich 2, Thierry Guérin 1 , Gwenaëlle Lavison-Bompard 1 and Marina Nicolas 1 1 Université Paris-Est, ANSES, Laboratory for Food Safety, F-94701 Maisons-Alfort, France; [email protected] (T.G.); [email protected] (G.L.-B.); [email protected] (M.N.) 2 ANSES, Risk Assessment Directorate, F-94701 Maisons-Alfort, France; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +33-1-4977-4671 Received: 13 August 2020; Accepted: 11 September 2020; Published: 16 September 2020 Abstract: In 2015, tetrodotoxins (TTXs) were considered a potential threat in Europe since several studies had shown the presence of these toxins in European bivalve molluscs. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of TTXs in 127 bivalve samples (mussels and oysters) and in 66 gastropod samples (whelks) collected all along the French mainland coasts in 2017 and 2018. Analyses were carried out after optimization and in-house validation of a performing hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography associated with tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) method. The concentration set by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) not expected to result in adverse effects (44 µg TTX equivalent/kg) was never exceeded, but TTX was detected in three mussel samples and one whelk sample (1.7–11.2 µg/kg). The tissue distribution of TTX in this whelk sample showed higher concentrations in the digestive gland, stomach and gonads (7.4 µg TTX/kg) than in the rest of the whelk tissues (below the limit of detection of 1.7 µg TTX/kg). -
MOLLUSCS Species Names – for Consultation 1
MOLLUSCS species names – for consultation English name ‘Standard’ Gaelic name Gen Scientific name Notes Neologisms in italics der MOLLUSC moileasg m MOLLUSCS moileasgan SEASHELL slige mhara f SEASHELLS sligean mara SHELLFISH (singular) maorach m SHELLFISH (plural) maoraich UNIVALVE SHELLFISH aon-mhogalach m (singular) UNIVALVE SHELLFISH aon-mhogalaich (plural) BIVALVE SHELLFISH dà-mhogalach m (singular) BIVALVE SHELLFISH dà-mhogalaich (plural) LIMPET (general) bàirneach f LIMPETS bàirnich common limpet bàirneach chumanta f Patella vulgata ‘common limpet’ slit limpet bàirneach eagach f Emarginula fissura ‘notched limpet’ keyhole limpet bàirneach thollta f Diodora graeca ‘holed limpet’ china limpet bàirneach dhromanach f Patella ulyssiponensis ‘ridged limpet’ blue-rayed limpet copan Moire m Patella pellucida ‘The Virgin Mary’s cup’ tortoiseshell limpet bàirneach riabhach f Testudinalia ‘brindled limpet’ testudinalis white tortoiseshell bàirneach bhàn f Tectura virginea ‘fair limpet’ limpet TOP SHELL brùiteag f TOP SHELLS brùiteagan f painted top brùiteag dhotamain f Calliostoma ‘spinning top shell’ zizyphinum turban top brùiteag thurbain f Gibbula magus ‘turban top shell’ grey top brùiteag liath f Gibbula cineraria ‘grey top shell’ flat top brùiteag thollta f Gibbula umbilicalis ‘holed top shell’ pheasant shell slige easaig f Tricolia pullus ‘pheasant shell’ WINKLE (general) faochag f WINKLES faochagan f banded chink shell faochag chlaiseach bhannach f Lacuna vincta ‘banded grooved winkle’ common winkle faochag chumanta f Littorina littorea ‘common winkle’ rough winkle (group) faochag gharbh f Littorina spp. ‘rough winkle’ small winkle faochag bheag f Melarhaphe neritoides ‘small winkle’ flat winkle (2 species) faochag rèidh f Littorina mariae & L. ‘flat winkle’ 1 MOLLUSCS species names – for consultation littoralis mudsnail (group) seilcheag làthaich f Fam. -
Reproduction and Larval Development of the New Zealand Scallop, Pecten Novaezelandiae
Reproduction and larval development of the New Zealand scallop, Pecten novaezelandiae. Neil E. de Jong A thesis submitted to Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (MSc) 2013 School of Applied Science Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................... I TABLE OF FIGURES ....................................................................................... IV TABLE OF TABLES ......................................................................................... VI ATTESTATION OF AUTHORSHIP ................................................................. VII ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................. VIII ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... X 1 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW .............. 1 1.1 Scallop Biology and Ecology ........................................................................................ 2 1.1.1 Diet ............................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Fisheries and Aquaculture ............................................................................................ 5 1.2.1 Scallop Enhancement .................................................................................................. 8 1.2.2 Hatcheries .................................................................................................................