DOCSLIB.ORG

Basic and Clinical Aspects of Depression

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Basic and Clinical Aspects of Depression Abstracts of Poster Presentations 259 31.01.01 PHARMACOTHERAPY, PSYCHOTHERAPY, AND PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL INTERVENTIONS: EFFICACY IN RECURRENT DEPRESSION POSTER E. Frank, and D. J. Kupfer We are currently engaged in a study of maintenance treatments for PRESENTATION recurrent unipolar depression which compares the efficacy of psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy and their combination. Rather 31.01 than focusing exclusively on the number of recurrences in each of the experimental conditions, we have also been concerned with the quality of patients' lives between episodes and with the !ength of the symptom-free interval. The three-year maintenance phase of our study is still in progress; therefore, final results will not be available for another 18 months to 2 years. We can, however, discuss the information available on Basic and Clinical Aspects those 62 patients who have already experienced a recurrence of illness and for whom the blind has been broken. While the majority of Depression of recurrences have been experienced by patients in the non- medication conditions, it would appear that, with or without medication, psychotherapy has had a significant effect in delaying the onset of a new episode. At this point in time, however, we have little evidence that continued psychotherapy adds to the generally good quality of patients' social functioning in symptom-free interval. A full understanding of the additive and interactive effects of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy in the treatment of recurrent depression must await the completion of this study ",,,'here analyses which indicate both the recurrences and the survivors will be possible, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 31.01.02 31.01.03 CHARACTERISATIOt; OF DEPRESSIVE SUSGROUPS ON THE THE THERAPY 3F ORGANIC DEPRESSION BASIS OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL,PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL, Marko Munjlza NEUROENDOCRINOLOGICAL AND CLI!;IC~L PARAMETERS IN THE COURSE OF ~EPRESSION According to the recent reports ]ssued by WHO the prevalence rate of E.M.STEINHEYER,A.CZERNIK depression is from 3 to 5 per cent for the whole population. The greater comparat~an-aqysls Is presented of symptoma- incidence of ~3r~ous psychogeriatric disorders with depressive symptoma- tological,phychophysiological,neuroendocrinolo- tology, as well as numerous somatic and neurologic disorders: appears to gical,diagnosisspecific,and course-specific pa- be the sign o'~ an inCreasingly large number of somatogenic depression and rameters of 38 =emale impatients durina the de- depressive syndrome on the whole. pressive phase of and after relief from depres- Since the aet~olugy of somatogenic depression has within itself somatic, sion.We studied the state or trait dependence of neurologic, b;olugic, social and other factors, the author explores the specific reaction patterns of operationalized application of combined therapy with vasoactive substances and antide- depressive subgroups.The extent to which the pa- pressants. Data were collected prospectively on 190 patients, both genders tients can be subdividet into distinguishable (86 males and 1C4 females), in age from 45 tO 75 years, over a six weeks groups during the depressive phase and after re- period. Throughout the study, the patients received Pentoxyfilin (Trental) covery from depression,and the specific diffe- and antidepres.~nts according to the form of depressive reaction --inhibited rences between the possible subgroups are shown. or agitated picture. The results of the cluster-,discriminant-,and In addition to tee statistical analysis, particular attention is paid to the factor-analyses demonstrate a very high dominan- clinical evalu~ior of applied therapy inthe most frequent symptoms of ce of biochemical and neuroendocrinoloqical na- somatogenic depression. During the clinical evaluation different scales rameters for the determination of depression- were used in accordance with symptomatology. The combination of specific reaction patterns durin 9 depression.A PentoxyfiIin ar=:l antidepressants at all these scales appears to offer more greater coherence,i.e.,a lower indeeence of the advantages tl-en any other method improving the existing state~ of individual psychoautonomic,co9nitive,and psycho- depressive mood, depressive inhibition, symptoms of fear and SOmatic physiological systems was confirmed,which sug- manifestations. This satisfactory outcome of combined therapy also gests a narrowina and a reduction of the "de- provides improvement in the sphere of concentration and memory, grees of freedom~(HEIMANN) in the depressive producing willir~jress for social contacts and interest in work and activity. phase.After recovery from depression,psycholoni- The satifying effect of combined therapy with regard to the therapy with cal and cognitive parameters have more relevan- antidepressants only, especially in depressive, somatic and neurasthenic ce and show a high discriminant validity between difficulties, is iliu~rated most obviously by statistical analysis Where the neurotic and endogenous depressive subgroups. significant difference was obtained already at level below 0.05 for the Abtl. Psychiatrie der Medizinischen Einrichtun- benefit of Pentoxyfilin in combination with antidepressants. gender Rheinisch-Westf~lischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen,Pauwelsstr.,51&~cnen INSTITUTE FOR MENTAL HEALTH, Palmoticeva 37, 11000 Belgrade YUGOSLAVIA Belgrade University Medical ghool 260 31.01.04 31.01.05 RELATIONAL DEPRESSION RATING SCALE AND CLINICAL PATTERNS OF COGN I T I VE AND PSYCHOMOTOR ASSESSMENT OF MAPROTILINE D I STURBANCES I N DEPRESSED PAT I ENTS UNDER Y, Poinso, M. Ohayon SEDATIVE AND ACTIVATING ANTIDEPRESSIVE THERAPY Reliable rating scales are needed in multicentric trials of psychoactive drugs. The C.R. Vieira, M. Paes de Sousa~ M.L. Figueira, L.C. author presents a new depression rating scale (RDRS) stressing the Psychiatrist- Pestana, M. Feio Patient relationship during a non*directive clinical interview, our basic hypothe- Since previous studies showed that activating sis being that the clinician evaluates the severity of the depression more upon ant idepressive therapy improves cognitive and this relation than upon the seeking of the classical depressive symptoms. There- psychomotor performances of depressive patients, the fore, RDRS scans the relational elements of the interindividual communication question remained if the same effect was achieved (ie. 1) non-verbal communication tokens: features' and body's mobility, look, clo- with sedative antideoressive drugs. thes, 2) verbal communication: voice, topics, adaptability, 3) emotional display: In matched samples of depressive patients submitted effective need, anguish during the interview, aggressivity and irritability, self- to activating (Amineptine) and sedative (Dothiepine aggressivity). The 12m item is a global estimation of the quality of the and Trazodone) antidepressive treatments, , tests of psychiatrist-patient interaction. central nervous arousal (CFF), attention, Short-term RDRS performs a reliable estimation of depression, with a perfect correlation with other classical rating scales such as MADRS, as demonstrated by the statis- and iconic visual and verbal memory and choice tical assessment reaction time (CRT), were performed before and Its main interests are: 1) easy rating, even by generalists. 2) Monofactorial struc- after four weeks of treatment. The data obtained ture, all the items being closely correlated or:ly with the intensity of depression. were statistically (means, standard deviations and 3) steady logarithmic decrement of RDRS sco;es under trealmenL ANOVA) compared among themselves and also with 4) good inter-observer reliability. the data obtained with the same battery of test_-- in As an instance, the author presents the results of a mult~=ntric trial of Maprotiline a sample of normal subjects. The results were using RDRS together with other rating scales. The scale was welcomed by the analysed and discussed. clinicians, owing to the fact t~at it needs no change in their own way of interview, Dept. of Psychiatry. Faculty of Medicine of Lisbon. Its results are quite similar to those of the other rating scales used, showing no Hospital St a Maria. Av. Prof. Egas Moniz. P-1600 gross discrepancy. This study confirms the value of RDRS as a rating tool for de- Lisbon. Portugal. pression. Laboratoire de Traltemant des Connaissances, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, 270, Boulevard de Ste-Marguerite, 13009-Marseille (FRANCE) 31.01.06 31.01.07 THE INFLUENCE OF SOME PSYCHO-SOC IAL AND TAIL SUSPENSION TEST : STRAIN DIFFt~RENCES AND THE'EFFECTS PATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DEPRESSIVE OF THREE ANTIDEPRESSANTS PATIENTS ON THE SYNDROMATIC EVOLUTION UNDER ANTIDEPRESSIVE THERAPY A. Len~m'c. I. AvriL L Stdru and R.D. Porsolt M. Paes de Sousa, M. L. Figueir a 424 depressive patients treated with several Mice when suspended by the tail will alternate between periods of vigorous antidepressant drugs (Clomipramine, Doxepine, activity (searching) and immobility (waiting). Immobility, like that measured in the Dibenzepine, Tandamine, Nomifensine, Amineptine, "behavioural despair" test, is reduced by a wide variety of antidepressants. The Amitrityline, Nortriptilyne and Minaprine) were procedure has been automated (ITEMATIC-TST) and permits the objective described and assessed before and after 1-2 months measurement of two parameters, immobility and the power of movements. The of treatment
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Anticonvulsants
    ALZET® Bibliography References on the Administration of Anticonvulsive Agents Using ALZET Osmotic Pumps 1. Carbamazepine Q5784: K. Deseure, et al. Differential drug effects on spontaneous and evoked pain behavior in a model of trigeminal neuropathic pain. J Pain Res 2017;10(279-286 ALZET Comments: Carbamazepine, baclofen, clomipramine; DMSO, PEG, Ethyl Alcohol, Acetone; SC; Rat; 2ML1; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (7 weeks old); dimethyl sulfoxide, propylene glycol, ethyl alcohol, and acetone at a ratio of 42:42:15:1; post op. care (morphine 5 mg/day); behavioral testing (Facial grooming); Therapeutic indication (Trigeminal neuralgia, neuropathic pain); Dose (30 mg/day carbamazepine (the first-line drug treatment for trigeminal neuralgia), 1.06 mg/day baclofen, 4.18 mg/day clomipramine, and 5 mg/day morphine);. Q0269: S. M. Cain, et al. High resolution micro-SPECT scanning in rats using 125I beta-CIT: Effects of chronic treatment with carbamazepine. Epilepsia 2009;50(8):1962-1970 ALZET Comments: Carbamazepine; DMSO; propylene glycol; ethyl alcohol; acetone; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (adult, male, Sprague-Dawley, 160-270 g); functionality of mp verified by serum drug levels; 42% DMSO used; identified 3 mg/kg/day as the highest dose that could be reliably administered via minipumps over a 14-day period at 37 degrees Celsius, pg. 1969. P5195: H. C. Doheny, et al. A comparison of the efficacy of carbamazepine and the novel anti-epileptic drug levetiracetam in the tetanus toxin model of focal complex partial epilepsy. British Journal of Pharmacology 2002;135(6):1425-1434 ALZET Comments: Carbamazepine; levetiracetam; DMSO; Propylene glycol; ethanol, saline; IP; Rat; 7 days; Controls received mp/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by drug serum levels; dose-response (text p.1428); carbamazepine was dissolved in 42.5% DMSO/42% Propylene glycol/15% ethanol.
    [Show full text]
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,381,189 B2 Green Et Al
    US009381189B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,381,189 B2 Green et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jul. 5, 2016 (54) INGREDIENTS FOR INHALATION AND (56) References Cited METHODS FOR MAKING THE SAME U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS (75) Inventors: Matthew Michael James Green, 4,582,265 A * 4/1986 Petronelli ....................... 241.95 Wiltshire (GB); Richard Michael Poole, 6,257,233 B1 7/2001 Burr et al. 2004/01 18007 A1* 6/2004 Chickering et al. ............ 34/360 Wiltshire (GB) 2006, O257491 A1* 11, 2006 Morton et al. ... 424/489 (73) Assignee: VECTURA LIMITED, Wiltshire (GB) 2008/0063719 A1 3/2008 Morton et al. ................ 424/489 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS patent is extended or adjusted under 35 EP O709086 A2 5, 1996 U.S.C. 154(b) by 641 days. EP 14981 16 A1 1, 2005 GB 2387781 A 10, 2003 JP 2005298.347 10/2005 (21) Appl. No.: 13/514,672 JP 200954.1393 11, 2009 JP 2012,542618 6, 2012 (22) PCT Fled: Dec. 8, 2010 WO 96.23485 A1 8, 1996 WO 9703649 A1 2, 1997 (86) PCT NO.: PCT/GB2O10/052053 WO O2OO197 A1 1, 2002 WO O243701 A2 6, 2002 S371 (c)(1), WO 2005105043 A2 11/2005 Aug. 20, 2012 WO 2007053904 A1 5/2007 (2), (4) Date: WO 2008.000482 1, 2008 (87) PCT Pub. No.: WO2O11AO70361 WO 2009095684 A1 8, 2009 OTHER PUBLICATIONS PCT Pub. Date: Jun. 16, 2011 Brunauer et al. "Adsorption of Gases in Multimolecular Layers'. J. (65) Prior Publication Data Am.
    [Show full text]
  • Novel Approaches for the Treatment of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Novel Approaches for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease Michiel Van Bulck 1,2 , Ana Sierra-Magro 1,2, Jesus Alarcon-Gil 1, Ana Perez-Castillo 1,2 and Jose A. Morales-Garcia 1,2,3,* 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier, 4. 28029 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] (M.V.B.); [email protected] (A.S.-M.); [email protected] (J.A.-G.); [email protected] (A.P.-C.) 2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Valderrebollo, 5, 28031 Madrid, Spain 3 Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 31 December 2018; Accepted: 3 February 2019; Published: 8 February 2019 Abstract: Neurodegenerative disorders affect around one billion people worldwide. They can arise from a combination of genomic, epigenomic, metabolic, and environmental factors. Aging is the leading risk factor for most chronic illnesses of old age, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. A progressive neurodegenerative process and neuroinflammation occur, and no current therapies can prevent, slow, or halt disease progression. To date, no novel disease-modifying therapies have been shown to provide significant benefit for patients who suffer from these devastating disorders. Therefore, early diagnosis and the discovery of new targets and novel therapies are of upmost importance. Neurodegenerative diseases, like in other age-related disorders, the progression of pathology begins many years before the onset of symptoms. Many efforts in this field have led to the conclusion that exits some similar events among these diseases that can explain why the aging brain is so vulnerable to suffer neurodegenerative diseases.
    [Show full text]
  • Centre for Reviews and Dissemination
    Second-generation versus first-generation antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia: a meta- analysis Leucht S, Corves C, D Arbter, Engel R R, Li C, Davis J M CRD summary The authors concluded that amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine and risperidone can be effective in treating schizophrenia patients. Second-generation antipsychotic drugs can also result in fewer extrapyramidal side effects, but can induce weight gain. The authors' conclusions reflected the evidence presented, but some potential methodological flaws in the review process meant that the extent to which those conclusions were reliable was unclear. Authors' objectives To compare the effects of first and second-generation antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia patients. Searching The search for eligible studies was started in 2005, including MEDLINE to October 2006, Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Specialised Register and the US Food and Drugs Administration website. Search terms were reported and there were no language restrictions. Previous reviews were searched for additional relevant studies. Study selection Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of oral second-generation antipsychotic drugs (amisulpride, aripiprazole, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, ziprasidone and zotepine) compared with first-generation drugs in patients with schizophrenia or related disorders (schizoaffective, schizophreniform or delusional disorders) irrespective of diagnostic criteria were eligible for inclusion in the review. The optimum doses of second-generation drugs were selected
    [Show full text]
  • Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial: Efficacy of Donepezil Against
    BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003533 on 25 September 2013. Downloaded from Open Access Protocol Protocol for a randomised controlled trial: efficacy of donepezil against psychosis in Parkinson’s disease (EDAP) Hideyuki Sawada, Tomoko Oeda To cite: Sawada H, Oeda T. ABSTRACT ARTICLE SUMMARY Protocol for a randomised Introduction: Psychosis, including hallucinations and controlled trial: efficacy of delusions, is one of the important non-motor problems donepezil against psychosis Strengths and limitations of this study in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is in Parkinson’s disease ▪ In previous randomised controlled trials for (EDAP). BMJ Open 2013;3: possibly associated with cholinergic neuronal psychosis the efficacy was investigated in patients e003533. doi:10.1136/ degeneration. The EDAP (Efficacy of Donepezil against who presented with psychosis and the primary bmjopen-2013-003533 Psychosis in PD) study will evaluate the efficacy of endpoint was improvement of psychotic symp- donepezil, a brain acetylcholine esterase inhibitor, for toms. By comparison, this study is designed to prevention of psychosis in PD. ▸ Prepublication history for evaluate the prophylactic effect in patients this paper is available online. Methods and analysis: Psychosis is assessed every without current psychosis. Because psychosis To view these files please 4 weeks using the Parkinson Psychosis Questionnaire may be overlooked and underestimated it is visit the journal online (PPQ) and patients with PD whose PPQ-B score assessed using a questionnaire, Parkinson (http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ (hallucinations) and PPQ-C score (delusions) have Psychosis Questionnaire (PPQ) every 4 weeks. bmjopen-2013-003533). been zero for 8 weeks before enrolment are ▪ The strength of this study is its prospective randomised to two arms: patients receiving donepezil design using the preset definition of psychosis Received 3 July 2013 hydrochloride or patients receiving placebo.
    [Show full text]
  • )&F1y3x PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX to THE
    )&f1y3X PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE )&f1y3X PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 3 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names (INN) which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. Product CAS No. Product CAS No. ABAMECTIN 65195-55-3 ACTODIGIN 36983-69-4 ABANOQUIL 90402-40-7 ADAFENOXATE 82168-26-1 ABCIXIMAB 143653-53-6 ADAMEXINE 54785-02-3 ABECARNIL 111841-85-1 ADAPALENE 106685-40-9 ABITESARTAN 137882-98-5 ADAPROLOL 101479-70-3 ABLUKAST 96566-25-5 ADATANSERIN 127266-56-2 ABUNIDAZOLE 91017-58-2 ADEFOVIR 106941-25-7 ACADESINE 2627-69-2 ADELMIDROL 1675-66-7 ACAMPROSATE 77337-76-9 ADEMETIONINE 17176-17-9 ACAPRAZINE 55485-20-6 ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE 61-19-8 ACARBOSE 56180-94-0 ADIBENDAN 100510-33-6 ACEBROCHOL 514-50-1 ADICILLIN 525-94-0 ACEBURIC ACID 26976-72-7 ADIMOLOL 78459-19-5 ACEBUTOLOL 37517-30-9 ADINAZOLAM 37115-32-5 ACECAINIDE 32795-44-1 ADIPHENINE 64-95-9 ACECARBROMAL 77-66-7 ADIPIODONE 606-17-7 ACECLIDINE 827-61-2 ADITEREN 56066-19-4 ACECLOFENAC 89796-99-6 ADITOPRIM 56066-63-8 ACEDAPSONE 77-46-3 ADOSOPINE 88124-26-9 ACEDIASULFONE SODIUM 127-60-6 ADOZELESIN 110314-48-2 ACEDOBEN 556-08-1 ADRAFINIL 63547-13-7 ACEFLURANOL 80595-73-9 ADRENALONE
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 13C: Clinical Evidence Study Characteristics Tables
    APPENDIX 13C: CLINICAL EVIDENCE STUDY CHARACTERISTICS TABLES: PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS Abbreviations ............................................................................................................ 3 APPENDIX 13C (I): INCLUDED STUDIES FOR INITIAL TREATMENT WITH ANTIPSYCHOTIC MEDICATION .................................. 4 ARANGO2009 .................................................................................................................................. 4 BERGER2008 .................................................................................................................................... 6 LIEBERMAN2003 ............................................................................................................................ 8 MCEVOY2007 ................................................................................................................................ 10 ROBINSON2006 ............................................................................................................................. 12 SCHOOLER2005 ............................................................................................................................ 14 SIKICH2008 .................................................................................................................................... 16 SWADI2010..................................................................................................................................... 19 VANBRUGGEN2003 ....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • NINDS Custom Collection II
    ACACETIN ACEBUTOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ACECLIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE ACEMETACIN ACETAMINOPHEN ACETAMINOSALOL ACETANILIDE ACETARSOL ACETAZOLAMIDE ACETOHYDROXAMIC ACID ACETRIAZOIC ACID ACETYL TYROSINE ETHYL ESTER ACETYLCARNITINE ACETYLCHOLINE ACETYLCYSTEINE ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE ACETYLGLUTAMIC ACID ACETYL-L-LEUCINE ACETYLPHENYLALANINE ACETYLSEROTONIN ACETYLTRYPTOPHAN ACEXAMIC ACID ACIVICIN ACLACINOMYCIN A1 ACONITINE ACRIFLAVINIUM HYDROCHLORIDE ACRISORCIN ACTINONIN ACYCLOVIR ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE ADENOSINE ADRENALINE BITARTRATE AESCULIN AJMALINE AKLAVINE HYDROCHLORIDE ALANYL-dl-LEUCINE ALANYL-dl-PHENYLALANINE ALAPROCLATE ALBENDAZOLE ALBUTEROL ALEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE ALLANTOIN ALLOPURINOL ALMOTRIPTAN ALOIN ALPRENOLOL ALTRETAMINE ALVERINE CITRATE AMANTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMBROXOL HYDROCHLORIDE AMCINONIDE AMIKACIN SULFATE AMILORIDE HYDROCHLORIDE 3-AMINOBENZAMIDE gamma-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID AMINOCAPROIC ACID N- (2-AMINOETHYL)-4-CHLOROBENZAMIDE (RO-16-6491) AMINOGLUTETHIMIDE AMINOHIPPURIC ACID AMINOHYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID AMINOLEVULINIC ACID HYDROCHLORIDE AMINOPHENAZONE 3-AMINOPROPANESULPHONIC ACID AMINOPYRIDINE 9-AMINO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROACRIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMINOTHIAZOLE AMIODARONE HYDROCHLORIDE AMIPRILOSE AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMLODIPINE BESYLATE AMODIAQUINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE AMOXEPINE AMOXICILLIN AMPICILLIN SODIUM AMPROLIUM AMRINONE AMYGDALIN ANABASAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANABASINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANDROSTERONE SODIUM SULFATE ANIRACETAM ANISINDIONE ANISODAMINE ANISOMYCIN ANTAZOLINE PHOSPHATE ANTHRALIN ANTIMYCIN A (A1 shown) ANTIPYRINE APHYLLIC
    [Show full text]
  • United States Patent (19) (11) 4,310,524 Wiech Et Al
    United States Patent (19) (11) 4,310,524 Wiech et al. 45 Jan. 12, 1982 (54) TCA COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR McMillen et al., Fed. Proc., 38,592 (1979). RAPD ONSET ANTDEPRESSANT Sellinger et al., Fed. Proc., 38,592 (1979). THERAPY Pandey et al., Fed. Proc., 38,592 (1979). 75) Inventors: Norbert L. Wiech; Richard C. Ursillo, Primary Examiner-Stanley J. Friedman both of Cincinnati, Ohio Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Millen & White 73) Assignee: Richardson-Merrell, Inc., Wilton, Conn. (57 ABSTRACT A method is provided for treating depression in a pa (21) Appl. No.: 139,498 tient therefrom and requiring rapid symptomatic relief, (22 Filed: Apr. 11, 1980 which comprises administering to said patient concur 51) Int. Cl. .................... A61K 31/33; A61K 31/135 rently (a) an effective antidepressant amount of a tricy clic antidepressant or a pharmaceutically effective acid (52) ...... 424/244; 424/330 addition salt thereof, and (b) an amount of an a-adrener 58) Field of Search ................................ 424/244, 330 gic receptor blocking agent effective to achieve rapid (56) References Cited onset of the antidepressant action of (a), whereby the PUBLICATIONS onset of said antidepressant action is achieved within Chemical Abst., vol. 66-72828m, (1967), Kellett. from 1 to 7 days. Chemical Abst, vol. 68-94371a, (1968), Martelli et al. A pharmaceutical composition is also provided which is Chemical Abst., vol. 74-86.048j, (1971), Dixit et al. especially adapted for use with the foregoing method. Holmberg et al., Psychopharm., 2,93 (1961). Svensson, Symp. Med. Hoechst., 13, 245 (1978). 17 Claims, No Drawings 4,310,524 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Title 16. Crimes and Offenses Chapter 13. Controlled Substances Article 1
    TITLE 16. CRIMES AND OFFENSES CHAPTER 13. CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES ARTICLE 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS § 16-13-1. Drug related objects (a) As used in this Code section, the term: (1) "Controlled substance" shall have the same meaning as defined in Article 2 of this chapter, relating to controlled substances. For the purposes of this Code section, the term "controlled substance" shall include marijuana as defined by paragraph (16) of Code Section 16-13-21. (2) "Dangerous drug" shall have the same meaning as defined in Article 3 of this chapter, relating to dangerous drugs. (3) "Drug related object" means any machine, instrument, tool, equipment, contrivance, or device which an average person would reasonably conclude is intended to be used for one or more of the following purposes: (A) To introduce into the human body any dangerous drug or controlled substance under circumstances in violation of the laws of this state; (B) To enhance the effect on the human body of any dangerous drug or controlled substance under circumstances in violation of the laws of this state; (C) To conceal any quantity of any dangerous drug or controlled substance under circumstances in violation of the laws of this state; or (D) To test the strength, effectiveness, or purity of any dangerous drug or controlled substance under circumstances in violation of the laws of this state. (4) "Knowingly" means having general knowledge that a machine, instrument, tool, item of equipment, contrivance, or device is a drug related object or having reasonable grounds to believe that any such object is or may, to an average person, appear to be a drug related object.
    [Show full text]
  • Hallucinogens: a Cause of Convulsive Ergot Psychoses
    Loma Linda University TheScholarsRepository@LLU: Digital Archive of Research, Scholarship & Creative Works Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects 6-1976 Hallucinogens: a Cause of Convulsive Ergot Psychoses Sylvia Dahl Winters Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd Part of the Psychiatry Commons Recommended Citation Winters, Sylvia Dahl, "Hallucinogens: a Cause of Convulsive Ergot Psychoses" (1976). Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects. 976. https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/976 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by TheScholarsRepository@LLU: Digital Archive of Research, Scholarship & Creative Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects by an authorized administrator of TheScholarsRepository@LLU: Digital Archive of Research, Scholarship & Creative Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT HALLUCINOGENS: A CAUSE OF CONVULSIVE ERGOT PSYCHOSES By Sylvia Dahl Winters Ergotism with vasoconstriction and gangrene has been reported through the centuries. Less well publicized are the cases of psychoses associated with convulsive ergotism. Lysergic acid amide a powerful hallucinogen having one.-tenth the hallucinogenic activity of LSD-25 is produced by natural sources. This article attempts to show that convulsive ergot psychoses are mixed psychoses caused by lysergic acid amide or similar hallucinogens combined with nervous system
    [Show full text]
  • Dopamine Outside the Brain: the Eye, Cardiovascular System and Endocrine Pancreas
    Pharmacology & Therapeutics 203 (2019) 107392 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Pharmacology & Therapeutics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/pharmthera Dopamine outside the brain: The eye, cardiovascular system and endocrine pancreas Claudio Bucolo 1,GianMarcoLeggio1, Filippo Drago ⁎, Salvatore Salomone Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy article info abstract Available online 9 July 2019 Dopamine (DA) and DA receptors (DR) have been extensively studied in the central nervous system (CNS), but their role in the periphery is still poorly understood. Here we summarize data on DA and DRs in the eye, cardio- Keywords: vascular system and endocrine pancreas, three districts where DA and DA-related drugs have been studied and Dopamine receptors the expression of DR documented. In the eye, DA modulates ciliary blood flow and aqueous production, which im- Heteromers pacts on intraocular pressure and glaucoma. In the cardiovascular system, DA increases blood pressure and heart Intra ocular pressure activity, mostly through a stimulation of adrenoceptors, and induces vasodilatation in the renal circulation, pos- Dopamine cardiovascular action sibly through D1R stimulation. In pancreatic islets, beta cells store DA and co-release it with insulin. D1R is mainly Somatostatin Diabetes expressed in beta cells, where it stimulates insulin release, while D2R is expressed in both beta and delta cells (in the latter at higher level), where it inhibits, respectively, insulin and somatostatin release. The formation of D2R- somatostatin receptor 5 heteromers (documented in the CNS), might add complexity to the system. DA may exert both direct autocrine effects on beta cells, and indirect paracrine effects through delta cells and somatostatin.
    [Show full text]