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'Most of the Time People Don't Like My Colour...' ‘Most of the time people don’t like my colour...’ Experiences of dual/multiple heritage and other BME children and their families in Cornwall By Owen Gill and Aurora Talbot Authors recordings. Jane Stacey supported the work throughout. But obviously our Owen Gill PhD is the Anti Poverty greatest thanks go to the families who Coordinator for Barnardo’s South welcomed us into their homes and West. He has published widely spoke to us so openly. on children in disadvantaged communities. He is joint author of A note on terminology The Child and Family in Context, Russell House Publishing, 2007. In this report we use the term ‘BME (black and minority ethnic) visible by Aurora Talbot carried out this work as colour’ to describe the children and a Barnardo’s research interviewer. She young people. has been a member of the Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Race Equality Council This is because the report focuses on and involved in equalities work in the children and young people who ‘stand county for many years. out’ as a result of their colour in predominantly white Cornwall. Acknowledgements Talking to children and parents it A number of people assisted in the is clear that being visible by colour development of this report. Eileen and standing out in relation to the Bortey, Jenny Lewis, Margaret predominantly white community Boushel, Bhaggie Patel and Anne is one important way in which they Pinney advised on setting up the understand their experiences. research and/or on drafts of the report. Anne Rogers, Carol Blair Photographs and Hilde Mansfield made valuable contacts with local families. Nicola The photographs were taken by Scanlon collected background Stephen Pover. They are not of the information on services in Cornwall. children and families featured in Beccy Whitlock transcribed the the report. Foreword Barnardo’s is committed to meeting the needs of BME children and their families. In the South West we recognise that many of our services are based in predominantly white areas and that this presents particular challenges for effective work with BME children who are visible by colour. This study is part of a wider piece of work that involves interviewing equivalent families in Wiltshire and gathering information from all of our services in the region about this area of work. The Cornwall consultations highlight the importance of recognising the complexity of children’s backgrounds – particularly in relation to dual and multiple heritage. They highlight the strengths and achievements of these children and families, but also reveal that many children visible by colour in predominantly white Cornwall experience isolation and significant racism. The target audience for the report is practitioners in Cornwall (teachers, childcare workers, social workers, youth and community workers and health workers). Heather Colbeck Director of Children’s Services Barnardo’s South West Contents Page Executive summary . .2 Introduction. 4 BME children and young people visible by colour in Cornwall – demographic patterns Research and theoretical perspectives The Cornwall Consultation. .7 Background and definitions of background. .10 Successes of the children and young people. 14 Contact with other children and families. 17 Experiencing racism . .19 The child in the community The child in school: how the school ‘handles race’ Parents receiving and wanting support. .26 Conclusions and messages for policy and practice . 28 References . 32 2 ‘Most of the time people don’t like my colour...’ Executive summary This report is based on in-depth children. Also because of partner interviews with families in Cornwall in changes it could mean two white which there is a BME child or young parents bringing up dual heritage person who is visible by colour. We children visible by colour. interviewed 14 children/young people and 11 parents. These children/young There is much to celebrate in the people and parents come from a total children’s and parent’s description of 14 families. of their lives. The report presents a picture of families who in spite of The study is part of a wider initiative change and pressures are resilient. The in Barnardo’s to understand the report also illustrates the successes experiences of BME children in and joys of the children and young predominantly white areas and the people. A key underlying message is implications for service delivery for that it is important to focus on the ourselves and other service providers. strength of children/young people and their families as well as ‘issues’ they Although the study does not claim to may face. be totally representative of families in Cornwall where a child is BME visible However, in spite of a number of by colour, it does claim to accurately parents reporting general acceptance reflect key themes in the lives of these of their children, the large majority children and parents. of the families had experience of racism directed at their children and There was a wide variety in the young people. Some incidents were backgrounds of the children/young isolated and had happened in the people. The children who had past, but others were current and by backgrounds uniform with both their any standards serious. The clarity parents were in a small minority. The with which the children/young people large majority of the children/young could remember the events indicates people were either dual or multiple their impact. heritage. We believe this accurately reflects the complex backgrounds Bullying was frequently referred to. It of BME children visible by colour in may be that the experience and fear of Cornwall. bullying is particularly acute with these children because they know they stand We were left with a strong impression out as being visibly different. that children and young people wanted to talk about background rather than The children/young people and for it to be disregarded on the basis that their parents said that the first ‘we treat everyone the same’. years in school were particularly associated with racist bullying and There were a significant number of name calling. lone parent families. The parents in these families (typically the mothers) Racial harassment appeared to become were bringing up children who had more significant at times when children partially different backgrounds to were experiencing other challenges their own. This could mean lone white such as poverty and family difficulties parents bringing up dual heritage and separation. Executive summary 3 Several of the children talked about of meeting with other BME unease and wanting more support children/young people visible by when issues of ‘race’ were discussed colour. There was also evidence in the classroom. of white parents wanting help in supporting their children. Typically the families were not part of a ‘community’ that included other The policy and practice BME families but had links with only implications of the families’ one or several similar families. testimonies for schools and agencies working with children A significant number of families and young people in Cornwall are talked about support needs. There drawn out in the conclusions of was reference to the importance the report. 4 ‘Most of the time people don’t like my colour...’ Introduction This report describes the results of predominantly white areas by in-depth interviewing carried out in looking at networks of families in the early 2010 with families in Cornwall county where there is a BME child/ where there is a BME child visible by young person visible by colour. colour. We interviewed 14 children/ young people and 11 parents. These BME children and young people children/young people and parents visible by colour in Cornwall – came from a total of 14 families. demographic patterns There is currently a lack of practice Accurately assessing the number of guidance about working with BME children/young people in Cornwall who children in predominantly white areas. are visible by colour is problematic because the 2001 census is now so badly The majority of current thinking out of date. around meeting the needs of these children/young people derives from Some indication can be obtained work in diverse urban locations. from school BME figures, however these include children from For instance, in the urban context, minority European countries who emphasis is placed on working with would not be identified as visible BME communities. However, in by colour. predominantly white areas such as Cornwall this is not likely to be an OFSTED (2009) reported that appropriate approach. There may be children and young people from small groups of families sharing a minority ethnic groups account for common background but it is more 4.7 per cent of pupils in primary likely that BME children visible by school in Cornwall and 3.8 per colour are isolated or in contact cent of pupils in secondary school. with only one or two families of This is significantly below national equivalent background. averages of 24.5 per cent and 20.6 per cent, respectively. The purpose of the interviews was: In primary and secondary schools in n to present information on the Cornwall there are higher percentages backgrounds of families in of children from ‘Any Other White’ and Cornwall in which there is a BME ‘Any Other Mixed’ backgrounds than child visible by colour any other ‘non-white British’ group n to listen to the children/young people (Cornwall County Council 2009; based and their parents to learn about their on Schools Census 2007). This indicates successes and the challenges they the significance of the number of dual have faced and multiple heritage children in n to give guidance to our own services Cornwall’s schools. and those of other agencies who seek to address the needs of BME children Therefore, the overall picture for visible by colour in Cornwall but who Cornwall appears to be of a relatively may have little information on which small number of children visible by to base their work colour, with a significant proportion of n to contribute more generally to children of mixed backgrounds within the debate about ethnic reach in this group.
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