DOCSLIB.ORG

The Tree Frog of Chevron Geothermal Concession, Mount Halimun-Salak

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Tree Frog of Chevron Geothermal Concession, Mount Halimun-Salak 2008 MIRZA D. KUSRINI M. I. LUBIS B. DARMAWAN [The Tree Frog of Chevron Geothermal Concession, Mount Halimun­Salak National Park Indonesia] REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE WILDLIFE TRUST­PEKA FOUNDATION Citation: Kusrini MD, Lubis MI, Darmawan B. 2008. The Tree Frog of Chevron Geothermal Concession, Mount Hakimun-Salak National Park - Indonesia. Technical report submitted to the Wildlife Truts – Peka Foundation PHOTO CREDITS Front cover: (top left) The Javanese tree frog Rhacophorus javanus, (top right) a female Philautus vittiger guarding its eggs, (bottom) the green flying frog Rhacophorus reinwardtii M. Irfansyah Lubis: Cover pictures, Fig2-5, fig2,7 to 2-11, Fig 3-1 top, Fig.3-4, Fig 3-4, Fig 3-7, Fig 3-8, Fig 3-0. (Stage 1, 16-18, 20, 21, 25, 42, 44, adult), Fig.3-11 and Fig 3-12 , Fig 3-13, Fig 3-15, Fig 3-16 B. Darmawan: Fig3-2, Fig.3-10. (Stage 13-15, 37,38,41,43,45,46) K3AR-IPB:Fig. 3-1 below Content Acknowledgments v Executive Summary v Chapter 1. Introduction 1 Chapter 2. The tree frog of CGI Concession 4 Introduction 4 Methods 4 Results 4 Species Review 10 Discussions 13 Literature cited 15 Chapter 3. Breeding ecology of Pgilautus vittiger (Anura:Rhacophoridae) from 17 CGI – Mount Halimun Salak National Park, West Java, Indonesia Introduction 17 Methods 18 Animal descriptions 18 Survey & Breeding Ecology 19 Results 21 I. Habitat 21 II. Breeding Ecology 23 2.1 Breeding Season 23 2.2 Eggs 24 2.3 Embryonic Development 24 2.4 Descriptions of tadpole 27 2.5 Breeding Behavior 29 2.6 Advertisement Calls 29 2.7 Parental Care 31 Discussions 31 Literature cited 33 Appendix 36 Chapter 4. Conclusions and Recommendations 38 i List of Figures Fig 1-1 Mean monthly rainfall (mm) of Parakan Salak weather station, based from 2 2005 to 2007 data Fig 1-2 Map of survey area at Chevron Geothermal Concession-Mount Halimun-Salak 3 National Park Fig 2-1 Tree Frog Distribution Map in Chevron Geothermal Indonesia, Mount Halimun- 6 Salak National Park Fig 2-2 (a) Undisturbed forest (near awi 10), (b) Disturbed forest (near Powerplant 7 123) Fig 2-3 (a) Terrestrial habitat near awi 14, (b) terrestrial habitat near awi 4 8 Fig 2-4 Percentage of mature Tree Frog found in Terrestrial habitat in CGI Concession 8 (N = 46 frogs) Fig 2-5 (a) Natural pond near awi 4 and (b) Semi natural pond near awi 7 9 Fig 2-6 Percentage of Tree Frog in Pond habitat in CGI Concession (N= 104 frogs) 9 Fig 2-7 Rhacophorus reinwardtii 10 Fig 2-8 Rhacophorus javanus 11 Fig 2-9 Philautus aurifasciatus 11 Fig 2-10 Philautus vittiger 12 Fig 2-11 Polypedates leucomystax 12 Fig 2-12 Polypedates otilophus 13 Fig 2-12 The distribution of tree frog in three types of habitat at Chevron Geothermal 14 Indonesia Concession Area Fig 3-1 A variety of Philautus vittiger coloring. Picture below shows the underside (left) 18 and distinct shape of disc, webbed toes, tympanum (right) Fig 3-2 (a) plastic box for tadpoles rearing and (b) a close up view of tadpoles inside 20 the box Fig 3-3 Body morphology of a tadpole (based from Dodd,Jr 2004) 20 Fig 3-4 The habitat of Philautus vittiger at CGI concession (a) Natural pond, (b) Semi 21 natural pond and (c) artificial pond Fig 3-5 A male Philautus vittiger perching under a leaf (a) and a coiled old leaf of Musa 22 acuminate (b) with a clutch of eggs inside (c) Fig 3-6 Number of Egg clutches observed at CGI ponds from April to September 2008 23 Fig 3-7 A female Philautus vittiger with visible ripe ova (a) and unripe ova in her 23 stomach (b) Fig. 3-8 Eggs started to hatch 24 Fig. 3-9 Number of Philautus vittiger embryo survived as larvae from lab experiment 25 ii Fig 3-10 Development of newly fertilized eggs of Philautus vittiger into a fully 26 metamorphose frog. Fig 3-11 The characteristic of Philautus vittiger tadpole 27 Fig 3-12 Labial teeth of Philautus vittiger tadpole 28 Fig 3-13 Breeding sequence of Philautus vittiger. Fig. 3-14a was taken in the natural habitat while the other figures showed mating sequence inside field terrarium. Non calling male have darker coloring than the other frogs. Figure 3-13.f also 30 shows the other female (non-breeding – color pale cream) resting in the same leaf Fig 3-14 (a) An oscilogram of the entire section showing one call group, (b) an oscillogram of the call section showing a single pulsed call from the call group in green bracket in (a), (c) Spectrogram of the pulsed call shown in (b), (d) 30 Power spectrum generated over the peak of the call shown in (b). Un- vouchered male. Record was taken 31 May 2008 at pond-5 at 09.34pm. Air temperature 20oC Fig 3-15 Two different females Philautus vittiger from pond-1 in 28 May 2008 guarding its eggs (a) a female sitting on top of its eggs and (b) a different female wiping 31 her hind feet on top of its eggs Fig 3-16 Unguarded dead eggs found during survey. (a) A clucth of eggs hanging by a thread where leaf was eaten by caterpillar, (b) eggs attacked by ants, (c & d) two different clucthes attacked by fungus 31 List of Tables Table 2-1 Number of mature individual of each species found in each transect survey 5 Table 2-2 Species found in stream 7 Table 3-1 Various size of P. vittiger from Pengalengan (Iskandar 1998), Mount Halimun (Kurniati 2003) and CGI Concession Mount Salak (Kusrini et al this 18 report) Table 3-2 Pond characteristics in Chevron Geothermal Indonesian Concession Mount 22 Salak Table 3-3 Vegetation used as perching site by Philautus vittiger at CGI-Salak 22 concession Table 3-4 Embryonic development in P. vittiger based from field and laboratory observation. Development duration of each eggs varied, data below shows 25 the fastest development duration Table 3-5 Morphometric measurement of eight Philautus vittiger tadpoles taken from different ponds at CGI concession in Mount Halimun-Salak National Park. All 28 measurements are in mm. iii List of Appendix Appendix-1 Development of Philautus vittiger embryos from newly fertilized eggs by a 36 pair of frogs taken on 29th of August 2008 from the field. Appendix-2 Development of Philautus vittiger embryos from newly fertilized eggs by a 36 pair of frogs taken on September 2008 from the field Appendix-3 Development of 14 Philautus vittiger tadpoles raised in lab. at Faculty of 36 Forestry in Bogor taken from 28 May 2008 Appendix-4 Development of Philautus vittiger embryos raised in lab. Eggs including the leaf where it hangs were taken in 29 August 2009 from the field. The embryo 37 inside eggs were already in stage 23-24 iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work is made possible from funding from Chevron Corporation to the Wildlife Trust in partnership with Peka Foundation Indonesia. We thank the management of Chevron Geothermal Indonesia for access and assistance during field works. We thank Damayanti Buchori, Shinta Puspitasari, Bandung Sahari, Wika, Heri Tabadepu, and Iyus, from Peka Foundation for advice and assistance in the field. We are grateful for the assistant of Mr. Ucup, Mr. Jejen and family who had shared their house with us every month. Dede Hendra Setiawan, Asyrafi, Nur Ikhwan, Akmal, Arif Tajali, Beny Aladin and Neneng Sholihat had volunteered their time in the field, thank you. We also appreciate advices and insights given by Jodi Rowley during the preparation of this report. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The forest surrounding the Chevron Geothermal Indonesia (CGI) Mount Halimun- Salak National Park concession offers a unique opportunity to study the distribution and natural history of tree frog, especially to understand how habitat within a geothermal concession might still able to sustain tree frog diversity. As part of the broad project of tree frog conservation in Indonesia, our first year aims are to map the distribution of tree frog within the CGI concessions and the surrounding corridor area to increase our understanding of the role of habitat for the conservation of this species and to study the breeding ecology of Philautus vittiger. Six species of tree frog (Rhacophoridae) is found in CGI concessions, consisted of one new record for West Java, which is Polypedates otilophus. Other tree frog species found are Rhacophorus reinwardtii, Rhacophorus javanus, Philautus aurifasciatus, Philautus vittiger, Polypedates leucomystax. The primary habitat for Philautus vittiger is permanent pond. Result from this research shows that the development of artificial and semi-artificial ponds by the CGI managements has benefit the frogs by providing suitable breeding habitat for this species. Males were found calling in all observed locations during the six month observation periods. Females attending breeding sites were either taking care of the clutch or ready to breed. Mean number of eggs in one clutch is 52 (n = 12; range: 37 – 66 eggs, SD= 8.25). Eggs are un-pigmented, pale yellow in color and coated by sticky jelly substance. The diameter of egg is 3.98 mm (stage 11) to 4.96 (stage 21). Fertilized eggs will hatched after about 16 days. Tadpoles will emerge as stage 25 and slide to water below the leaves . Tadpoles will stay in stage 25 for quite some time (48 days the fastest), growing its body before moving to the next stage. After about 2 months tadpole will be in stage 26-36 where hind limb develop.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • (Rhacophoridae, Pseudophilautus) in Sri Lanka
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 132 (2019) 14–24 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Diversification of shrub frogs (Rhacophoridae, Pseudophilautus) in Sri Lanka T – Timing and geographic context ⁎ Madhava Meegaskumburaa,b,1, , Gayani Senevirathnec,1, Kelum Manamendra-Arachchid, ⁎ Rohan Pethiyagodae, James Hankenf, Christopher J. Schneiderg, a College of Forestry, Guangxi Key Lab for Forest Ecology and Conservation, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China b Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka c Department of Organismal Biology & Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA d Postgraduate Institute of Archaeology, Colombo 07, Sri Lanka e Ichthyology Section, Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia f Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA g Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Pseudophilautus comprises an endemic diversification predominantly associated with the wet tropical regions ofSri Ancestral-area reconstruction Lanka that provides an opportunity to examine the effects of geography and historical climate change on diversi- Biogeography fication. Using a time-calibrated multi-gene phylogeny, we analyze the tempo of diversification in thecontextof Ecological opportunity past climate and geography to identify historical drivers of current patterns of diversity and distribution. Molecular Diversification dating suggests that the diversification was seeded by migration across a land-bridge connection from India duringa Molecular dating period of climatic cooling and drying, the Oi-1 glacial maximum around the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. Lineage- Speciation through-time plots suggest a gradual and constant rate of diversification, beginning in the Oligocene and extending through the late Miocene and early Pliocene with a slight burst in the Pleistocene.
    [Show full text]
  • Title a New Gliding Frog of the Genus Rhacophorus from Borneo Author(S
    Title A New Gliding Frog of the Genus Rhacophorus from Borneo Author(s) Matsui, Masafumi; Shimada, Tomohiko; Sudin, Ahmad Citation Current Herpetology (2013), 32(2): 112-124 Issue Date 2013-08 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/216848 Right © 2013 by The Herpetological Society of Japan Type Journal Article Textversion publisher Kyoto University Current Herpetology 32(2): 112–124, August 2013 doi 10.5358/hsj.32.112 © 2013 by The Herpetological Society of Japan A New Gliding Frog of the Genus Rhacophorus from Borneo 1 2 3 MASAFUMI MATSUI *, TOMOHIKO SHIMADA , AND AHMAD SUDIN 1 Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606–8501, JAPAN 2 Department of Science (Biology), Faculty of Education, Aichi University of Education, 1 Hirosawa, Igaya, Kariya, Aichi 448–8542 JAPAN 3 The School of Engineering and Information Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, MALAYSIA Abstract: A rhacophorid frog from Borneo is divergent genetically and morphologically from Javanese R. reinwardtii, with which it was formerly confused, and is recognized as a distinct species. The frog differs from R. reinwardtii by an immaculate green dorsum and a black posterior thigh surface, which is studded with sky blue spots in the female. Because the frog is also divergent genetically and morphologically from the other congeners recently split from R. reinwardtii, we describe it as a new species, R. borneensis. Key words: New species; MtDNA phylogeny; Rhacophorus reinwardtii; Borneo; Taxonomy INTRODUCTION Ohler and Delorme, 2006) as in many other frogs (e.g., Stuart et al., 2006; Inger et al., The frog genus Rhacophorus Kuhl and Van 2008; Shimada et al., 2011).
    [Show full text]
  • Anura, Rhacophoridae)
    Zoologica Scripta Patterns of reproductive-mode evolution in Old World tree frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae) MADHAVA MEEGASKUMBURA,GAYANI SENEVIRATHNE,S.D.BIJU,SONALI GARG,SUYAMA MEEGASKUMBURA,ROHAN PETHIYAGODA,JAMES HANKEN &CHRISTOPHER J. SCHNEIDER Submitted: 3 December 2014 Meegaskumbura, M., Senevirathne, G., Biju, S. D., Garg, S., Meegaskumbura, S., Pethiya- Accepted: 7 May 2015 goda, R., Hanken, J., Schneider, C. J. (2015). Patterns of reproductive-mode evolution in doi:10.1111/zsc.12121 Old World tree frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae). —Zoologica Scripta, 00, 000–000. The Old World tree frogs (Anura: Rhacophoridae), with 387 species, display a remarkable diversity of reproductive modes – aquatic breeding, terrestrial gel nesting, terrestrial foam nesting and terrestrial direct development. The evolution of these modes has until now remained poorly studied in the context of recent phylogenies for the clade. Here, we use newly obtained DNA sequences from three nuclear and two mitochondrial gene fragments, together with previously published sequence data, to generate a well-resolved phylogeny from which we determine major patterns of reproductive-mode evolution. We show that basal rhacophorids have fully aquatic eggs and larvae. Bayesian ancestral-state reconstruc- tions suggest that terrestrial gel-encapsulated eggs, with early stages of larval development completed within the egg outside of water, are an intermediate stage in the evolution of ter- restrial direct development and foam nesting. The ancestral forms of almost all currently recognized genera (except the fully aquatic basal forms) have a high likelihood of being ter- restrial gel nesters. Direct development and foam nesting each appear to have evolved at least twice within Rhacophoridae, suggesting that reproductive modes are labile and may arise multiple times independently.
    [Show full text]
  • Javan Rhino Expedition
    Javan Rhino Expedition th th Destination: Java, Indonesia Duration: 10 Days Dates: 7 – 16 June 2018 Having amazing close encounters with 2 different Javan Rhinos in just one day! Enjoying the expertise of some of Ujung Kulon’s finest guides & rangers Great sightings of various kingfishers and heron species along the rivers Trekking & camping deep inside the core zone of Ujung Kulon National Park Finding very fresh evidence of at least 2 different rhinos from when we were there Seeing over 50 species of birds throughout including Green Peafowl & Elegant Pitta Spotlighing banteng, Sunda leopard cat & Javan mousedeer along the river banks Canoeing down the river where more Javan rhinos have been seen than anywhere Coming across a beautiful neonate Malayan pit viper along one of the trails Enjoying speed boat transfers around the stunning coastline of Ujung Kulon NP Tour Leader / Guides Overview Martin Royle (Royle Safaris Tour Leader) Chinglus (Lead Ujung Kulon Guide) Meeta & Udung (Ujung Kulon Rangers) Day 1: Jakarta / Adun, Geni, Wilum, Bambu, Wilf, Nurlin, Asif (Porters) Carita / Edy (Transfer driver) Ujung Kulon Ciggaman (Boat transfer skipper) Participants Days 2-8: Ujung Kulon Dr. Jacoba Brinkman Mr. Phillip DuCros Mr. Andrew Holman Mrs. Paula Holman Day 9: Ujung Kulon / Handeleum Island Day 10: Carita / Jakarta Day 11: Home Royle Safaris – 6 Greenhythe Rd, Heald Green, Cheshire, SK8 3NS – 0845 226 8259 – [email protected] Day by Day Breakdown Overview With only five species of rhinos in the world you would think that everyone would know about all five, there are not that many. But there are two that largely go unnoticed.
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation of Amphibians and Reptiles in Indonesia: Issues and Problems
    Copyright: © 2006 Iskandar and Erdelen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and repro- Amphibian and Reptile Conservation 4(1):60-87. duction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. DOI: 10.1514/journal.arc.0040016 (2329KB PDF) The authors are responsible for the facts presented in this article and for the opinions expressed there- in, which are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organisation. The authors note that important literature which could not be incorporated into the text has been published follow- ing the drafting of this article. Conservation of amphibians and reptiles in Indonesia: issues and problems DJOKO T. ISKANDAR1 * AND WALTER R. ERDELEN2 1School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, 10, Jalan Ganesa, Bandung 40132 INDONESIA 2Assistant Director-General for Natural Sciences, UNESCO, 1, rue Miollis, 75732 Paris Cedex 15, FRANCE Abstract.—Indonesia is an archipelagic nation comprising some 17,000 islands of varying sizes and geologi- cal origins, as well as marked differences in composition of their floras and faunas. Indonesia is considered one of the megadiversity centers, both in terms of species numbers as well as endemism. According to the Biodiversity Action Plan for Indonesia, 16% of all amphibian and reptile species occur in Indonesia, a total of over 1,100 species. New research activities, launched in the last few years, indicate that these figures may be significantly higher than generally assumed. Indonesia is suspected to host the worldwide highest numbers of amphibian and reptiles species.
    [Show full text]
  • First National Record of <I>Gracixalus Quangi</I>
    Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e67667 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.9.e67667 Taxonomic Paper First national record of Gracixalus quangi Rowley, Dau, Nguyen, Cao & Nguyen, 2011 and G. yunnanensis Yu, Li, Wang, Rao, Wu &Yang, 2019 (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Thailand Sengvilay Lorphengsy‡,§, Tan Van Nguyen|, Nikolay A. Poyarkov¶,#, Yun-He Wu ¤, Parinya Pawangkhanant«, Supaporn Passorn‡, Jing Che ¤, Chatmongkon Suwannapoom« ‡ Division of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand § The Biotechnology and Ecology Institute Ministry of Science and Technology, Vientiane, Laos | Department of Species Conservation, Save Vietnam’s Wildlife,, Ninh Binh, Vietnam ¶ Faculty of Biology, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Moscow, Russia # Laboratory of Tropical Ecology, Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam ¤ State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China « Division of Fishery, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand Corresponding author: Chatmongkon Suwannapoom ([email protected]) Academic editor: Truong Nguyen Received: 20 Apr 2021 | Accepted: 25 May 2021 | Published: 28 May 2021 Citation: Lorphengsy S, Nguyen TV, Poyarkov NA, Wu Y-H, Pawangkhanant P, Passorn S, Che J, Suwannapoom C (2021) First national record of Gracixalus quangi Rowley, Dau, Nguyen, Cao & Nguyen, 2011 and G. yunnanensis Yu, Li, Wang, Rao, Wu &Yang, 2019 (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Thailand. Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e67667. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e67667 Abstract Background The bushfrog genus Gracixalus Delorme, Dubois, Grosjean & Ohler, 2005 is found in southern and south-western China, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand and Myanmar.
    [Show full text]
  • Breeding of Rhacophorus (Polypedates) Feae
    The first breeding of Fea's Treefrog - Rhacophorus feae at the Leningrad Zoo with account of the species. by Anna A. Bagaturova, Mikhail F. Bagaturov (corresponding author, email: [email protected]), “Department of Insectarium and Amphibians”, Leningrad zoo, St. Petersburg, Russia Abstract. The success of first captive breeding of the giant species of rhacophorid arboreal frog Rhacophorus feae in amphibian facility in Leningrad Zoo (Saint-Petersburg, Russia) has been described. Their natural history data, conservation status, threads, natural predators, morphology including size discussion, prophylactic and medication treatment; issues of adopting of wild adult specimens, keeping and captive breeding in zoo’s amphibian facility were described; features of breeding behavior stimulation, foam nest construction, rising of tadpoles and young frogs of other rhacophorids in comparison with hylid treefrogs’ species were discussed. Keywords. Rhacophoridae: Polypedates, Rhacophorus maximus, R. dennysi, R. annamensis, R. orlovi, Kurixalus odontotarsus, R. feae: natural history, conservation status, threads, description, thread pose, Vietnam, Thailand; captive management, adaptation, breeding, nest, tadpoles, froglets, veterinary; feeding, proper housing, Hylidae, captive management, raising; Leningrad Zoo. Genus Rhacophorus H. Kuhl and J.C. van Hasselt, 1822 comprised for over 80 species (Frost, 2011, with later additions). Every year new species of rhacophorid frogs described from the territories of Vietnam, China, Cambodia and other countries of southeastern Asia for last decades (Inger et al, 1999 a, b.; Orlov et al, 2004, 2005 etc, see: References section for others). Some species of Rhacophorus also referred to as Polypedates, Aquixalus and Kurixalus according to different authors (Orlov and Ho, 2005, Fei et al, 2005, Yu et al, 2009, Frost, 2011, etc).
    [Show full text]
  • A New Small Montane Species of Philautus (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Gunung Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia (Borneo)
    SALAMANDRA 52(2) 77–90 30 June 2016 NewISSN Philautus 0036–3375 from Borneo A new small montane species of Philautus (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Gunung Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia (Borneo) J. Maximilian Dehling1, Masafumi Matsui2 & Paul Yambun Imbun3 1) Institut für Integrierte Naturwissenschaften, Abteilung Biologie, Universität Koblenz-Landau, Universitätsstraße 1, 56070 Koblenz, Germany 2) Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606–8501, Japan 3) Sabah Parks, P.O. Box 10626, 88806 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia Corresponding author: J. Maximilian Dehling, e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript received: 6 September 2015 Accepted: 17 November 2015 by Alexander Kupfer Abstract. Three populations of small montane bush frogs previously assigned to Philautus mjobergi were compared us- ing morphological, bioacoustic, and genetic (mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequence) data. The comparison revealed that the population from Gunung Kinabalu in Sabah, Malaysia, represents a distinct species that is described herein. Although the new species differs fromP. mjobergi in few morphological characters, most notably the acuminate snout, it is distinguished from this species and all other Bornean congeners by a unique advertisement call and large genetic differences. The popu- lation from Gunung Mulu assigned to P. mjobergi differs from the topotypic population from Gunung Murud in its adver- tisement call and 16S rRNA sequence and probably represents another, undescribed species. Key words. DNA barcoding, advertisement call, Philautus mjobergi, Gunung Mulu, Sarawak, frog. Introduction Smith 1931, Inger 1966 [as P. aurifasciatus], Dring 1987, Malkmus 1989, Inger & Stuebing 1992, Malkmus 1994, Bush frogs of the genus Philautus are represented by 19 Malkmus & Riede 1996, Inger et al.
    [Show full text]
  • 1412-033X (Printed Edition) ISSN: 2085-4722 (Electronic)
    ISSN: 1412-033X (printed edition) ISSN: 2085-4722 (electronic) Journal of Biological Diversity Volume 12 – Number 1 – January 2011 FIRST PUBLISHED: 2000 ISSN: 1412-033X (printed edition) 2085-4722 (electronic) EDITORIAL BOARD (COMMUNICATING EDITORS): Abdel Fattah N.A. Rabou (Palestine), Dato A. Latiff Mohamad (Malaysia), Alan J. Lymbery (Australia), Ali Saad Mohamed (Sudan), Bambang H. Saharjo (Indonesia), Charles H. Cannon Jr. (USA), Edi Rudi (Indonesia), Guofan Shao (USA), Hassan Poorbabaei (Iran), Hwan Su Yoon (USA), Jamaluddin (India), Joko R. Witono (Indonesia), Katsuhiko Kondo (Japan), Livia Wanntorp (Sweden), Mahendra K. Rai (India), María La Torre Cuadros (Peru), Mariela A. Marinoff (Argentine), Mochamad A. Soendjoto (Indonesia), Salvador Carranza (Spain), Shahabuddin (Indonesia), Sonia Malik (Brazil), Sugiyarto (Indonesia), Thaweesakdi Boonkerd (Thailand) EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: Sutarno EDITORIAL MEMBERS: English Literary Editor: I Made Sudiana ([email protected]) Technical Editor & Banking: Solichatun ([email protected]) Distribution & Marketing: Rita Rakhmawati ([email protected]) Webmaster: Ari Pitoyo ([email protected]) MANAGING EDITORS: Ahmad Dwi Setyawan ([email protected]) PUBLISHER: Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta and The Society for Indonesian Biodiversity ADDRESS: Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57126. Tel. +62-271-7994097, Tel. & Fax.: +62-271-663375, Email: [email protected] BANKING: Solichatun, BNI KC Sebelas Maret, Acc. No. 0033691646 ONLINE: www.unsjournals.com ACCREDITED BY DECREE OF THE DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF HIGHER EDUCATION, THE MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION, REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA No. 65a/DIKTI/Kep/2008 (valid until October 2011) EXPERTATION AND CORRESPONDING EMAIL OF THE COMMUNICATING EDITORS: GENETIC DIVERSITY: Alan J. Lymbery ([email protected]), Hwan Su Yoon ([email protected]), Mahendra K.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Account
    SPECIES ACCOUNT AMPHIBIA I. Family MEGOPHRYIDAE Megophrys acera s Horned Frog This was a leaf litter frog, which inhabited forest floor of closed-canopy evergreen forests at Gunung Tujuh. It occurs from the lowlands at about 750 meters asl up to mountain forests over 1500 meters asl (Mistar, 2003). At Gunung Tujuh it was found at elevation 1200 meters asl. This is a rare species, which was only found at Gunung Tujuh survey site. This species is known from Peninsular Thailand through most of Peninsular Malaysia (Berry, 1975) and Sumatra (Mistar, 2003). Figure 21. M. aceras from Gunung Tujuh (Photograph by J. Holden). Megophrys nasuta Bornean Horned Frog, Malayan Horned Frog, Horned Toad, Large Horned Frog It was a leaf litter frog, which inhabited intact lowland and sub mountain rainforest, generally near forest streams. Adults are terrestrial in habits, but tadpoles live in clear forest streams. It occurred about 500 meters asl up to 1000 meters asl. It was regularly encountered, and its characteristic call was frequently heard in suitable habitat. It was uncommon in Tapan, Lumayang, Sungai Durian, Muara Kambang, Muara Sako, Muara Labuh and Lubuk Selasih survey sites. This species is known from southern, throughout Peninsular Malaysia (Berry, 1975), Tioman Island, Singapore (Lim and Lim, 1992), Sumatra, Bintan, all parts of Borneo and the Natuna Islands (Inger and Stuebing, 2005; Mistar, 2003). Figure 22. M. nasuta from Tapan (Photograph by J. Holden). Megophrys paralella Megophrys paralella was described by Inger and Iskandar (2005). Type locality of the species is Lubuk Selasih, West Sumatra, at elevation 1289 meters asl.
    [Show full text]
  • (Amphibia: Anura) in Parambikulam Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, Kerala, India
    JoTT SHORT COMMUNI C ATION 4(13): 3205–3214 Western Ghats Special Series Diversity of rhacophorids (Amphibia: Anura) in Parambikulam Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, Kerala, India K.M. Jobin 1 & P.O. Nameer 2 1,2 Department of Wildlife Sciences, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural University (KAU), Vellanikkara, Kerala 680656, India Email: 1 [email protected], 2 [email protected] (corresponding author) Abstract: A study on the rhacophorids of Parambikulam Tiger Western Ghats, one of the 34 biodiversity hotspots Reserve was conducted from April to July 2011. Eleven species of rhacophorids in four genera—Rhacophorus (three species), of the World (Myers et al. 2000; Conservation Polypedates (one species), Pseudophilautus (one species) and International 2005) is exceptionally rich in amphibian Raorchestes (six species)—were recorded. Distribution, natural history and biological information is provided including some diversity. During the last one and half decades there recommendations for changes in the IUCN conservation status has been an outburst of publications, including the of the rhacophorids of Western Ghats have been proposed in description of several new species to science from the the paper. family Rhacophoridae (Das & Ravichandran 1998; Keywords: IUCN Red Listing, Kerala, Parambikulam Tiger Vasudevan & Dutta 2000; Bossuyt 2002; Kuramoto & Reserve, Rhacophoridae, Western Ghats. Joshy 2003; Biju & Bossuyt 2005a,b; Biju & Bossuyt 2006a; Das & Dutta 2006; Gururaja et al. 2007; Biju & Bossuyt 2009; Biju et al. 2010; Zachariah et al. 2011a,b). Date of publication (online): 26 October 2012 Date of publication (print): 26 October 2012 About 68 species of frogs were described from India in ISSN 0974-7907 (online) | 0974-7893 (print) the last one decade of which 32 species, nearly 50%, Editor: Sanjay Molur were members of the family Rhacophoridae (Dinesh et al.
    [Show full text]
  • TULISAN PENDEK Deteksi Chytridiomycosis Dengan
    Jurnal Biologi Indonesia 9(1): 153-157 (2013) TULISAN PENDEK Deteksi Chytridiomycosis dengan Menggunakan Koleksi Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense Pada Katak Asal Taman Nasional Gede-Pangrango, Jawa Barat (Chtridiomycosis detection by using Musem Zoologicum Bogoriense’s frog specimens that were originally collected from Gede-Pangrango National Park, West Java) Hellen Kurniati & Ni Luh Putu Rischa Phadmacanty Pusat Penelitian Biologi-LIPI, Gedung Widyasatwaloka, Jalan Raya Cibinong Km 46, Cibinong 16911, Jawa Barat. Email: [email protected] Memasukkan: September 2012, Diterima November 12 Chytridiomycosis merupakan penyakit tinggi membuat jamur ini mati, akibatnya jamur yang disebabkan oleh jamur chytrid Batracho- ini hidup subur pada daerah dataran tinggi; oleh chytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) yang menginfeksi sebab itu infeksi Chytridiomycosis biasanya terjadi jaringan kulit amfibia; pada banyak kasus terjadi pada jenis-jenis katak yang hidup di dataran ting- pada kelompok katak. Jamur ini menyerang per- gi. Pada tahun 2006 dan 2007, Kusrini dkk mukaan kulit katak yang mengakibatkan rusaknya (2008) mendapatkan beberapa jenis katak yang lapisan keratin pada kulit. Stadium lanjut dari dijumpai di Taman Nasional Gede-Pangrango infeksi chytridiomycosis yaitu jamur akan menge- sudah terinfeksi Bd (Tabel 1). Penemuan ini ber- luarkan substansi toksik yang kemudian akan tanda bahwa penyebaran jamur Bd sudah meluas mengganggu sistem respirasi katak dan berakibat sampai kepada dataran tinggi di Jawa. Untuk pada kematian katak. Kasus chytridiomycosis mengetahui kapan jamur Bd masuk ke Indonesia, ditemukan pada tahun 1998 di Amerika Tengah khususnya pulau Jawa, maka dilakukan sayatan dan Australia sehubungan dengan kematian am- histologi kulit katak yang berasal dari daerah Ci- fibi mereka (http://trushin. wordpress.com/ bodas dan sekitarnya (termasuk Taman Nasional 2011/07/28/batrachochy-trium-dendroba-tidis- Gede-Pangrango) dengan menggunakan koleksi frog-killer).
    [Show full text]