66

The coup as a founding myth The ideological pillars of the New Turkey

Mateusz Chudziak NUMBER 66 WARSAW October 2017

The coup as a founding myth The ideological pillars of the New Turkey

Mateusz Chudziak © Copyright by Ośrodek Studiów Wschodnich im. Marka Karpia / Centre for Eastern Studies

Content editors Adam Eberhardt, Krzysztof Strachota

Editor Katarzyna Kazimierska

Co-operation Halina Kowalczyk, Anna Łabuszewska

Translation Ilona Duchnowicz

Co-operation Nicholas Furnival

Graphic design PARA-BUCH

DTP GroupMedia

Photograph on cover Thomas Koch, shutterstock.com

Publisher Ośrodek Studiów Wschodnich im. Marka Karpia Centre for Eastern Studies ul. Koszykowa 6a, Warsaw, Poland Phone: + 48 /22/ 525 80 00 Fax: + 48 /22/ 525 80 40 osw.waw.pl

ISBN 978-83-65827-12-8 Contents

Theses /5

Introduction /7

I. the AKP’s rule as a reconstruction of Kemalist Turkey /9

1. The democratisation and subjectivisation of society /10 2. Towards redefining identity /12

II. The coup attempt as the founding myth of the New Turkey /17

1. A coup turned into a political myth /17 2. The attempted coup of 15 July – the official version /19 3. What does the official version imply? /22 4. Rabia – the New Turkey in four fingers /25

III. The pillars of the New Turkey /28

1. The first pillar: the Nation /29 2. The second pillar: the State /35 3. The third pillar: the Leader /38 4. The fourth pillar: the struggle for a better tomorrow /42

IV. Conclusions and possible developments /45 • • • Theses as opposition events is the preceding experience country. the rule to government anew mandate the offering damental a the The The The the nised the the drawing cess erned both Tayyip various momentum. 15 July support and spectrum constructed the tory. precise coherent, regards process time Republic new legacy consolidation most the political Justice is The the as Turkey Erdoğan, which highly 2016 marked

him government’s circles. a canon of changes upon ideas canon important of for the founding identity. of has which the of and

understandable in and ideas of took myth the modern since dynamic; the constitutional an that a vote not of Turkey the

However, of the Development broad that New inconsistent construction of has ideas place involved values 2002, developed Furthermore, became

mobilisation of myth itself. crystallisation a consequences power turning been began actions Turkey 2016 marks Turkey. spectrum in on was in has for because a The 15 July the 2002–2016 the a employed in widespread revolutionary and confirmed at referendum large been the have reinterpreted. any manner. point newly unsuccessful Party the that The of of appealing 2016 nor New it a of it

engaged section alternative of hands of the the met failed time New is in was ideas

created the (AKP), on the watching section Turkey. Turkey’s end Furthermore, during with under the

are Turkey canon an in failed state coup of a manner. of because to in counter-proposal April of irreversible, ideological emotional coup President which the The resistance canon reconstructing the of version pragmatically

AKP was the Its can of coup on gained modern society public,

strength values 2017 and public. attempt pillars helplessly campaign it be being This of has rule include a defines values recog to Recep social broad level, fresh from

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45 POINT OF VIEW 10/2017 46 POINT OF VIEW 10/2017 ernisation become ian countries. it. of ing – ish undermined strongly newed the political tionalism any a ing difficult related have More left-wing circles. From for Erdoğan. exhausting was which referendum constitutional the party) they (even conflicts the since renew the ing both key These reference nation formed minorities tendencies, this Turkey. means political public, are to though identity-building the the than those his Turkey’s and community make the include

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