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International Security Nonproliferation Arms Control Digest of the Russian Journal (nuclear control) Volume 5, № 1 Winter 2000 Publisher: PIR - Center for Policy Studies in Russia Moscow, 2000 Yaderny Kontrol (Nuclear Control) Digest. Volume 5, No.1. Winter 2000 2 Contents Editorial 3 The World Community Should Form a United Front against a New Wave of Terrorism Hot Topic 4 75% of Russians Stand for Nonproliferation. By Ivan Safranchuk PIR Center News 10 Winter 1999-2000 Summary 12 Yaderny Kontrol Journal, No.6, 1999 Interview 13 Vladimir Yakovlev: 'Strategic Missile Forces Are the State Shield' Interview 19 Victor Yerastov: 'Minatom Has All Conditions for Providing Safety and Security of Nuclear Material' Commentary 21 The CTR Program and Russia's National Security Interests. By Yevgeny Maslin Analysis 25 Russia and the 2000 NPT Review Conference. By Roland Timerbaev Viewpoint 41 Shaping the Non-Proliferation Agenda for the Coming Decade. By Michael Davenport Analysis 43 Draft of the Military Doctrine: The Nuclear Factor. By Andrei Gordiyenko Yaderny Kontrol Journal in 1999 47 Yaderny Kontrol (Nuclear Control) Digest. Volume 5, No.1. Winter 2000 3 DIGEST OF THE RUSSIAN JOURNAL YADERNY KONTROL (NUCLEAR CONTROL) International Security. Nonproliferation. Arms Control. Volume 5 N 1 (13) Winter 2000 Published four times a year since 1996 Contains selected analytical articles from Yaderny Kontrol, a journal published in Russian six times a year Vladimir A. Orlov, Editor-in-Chief Dmitry Litovkin, Staff Writer Dmitry Polikanov, Editor Dmitry Kovchegin, Staff Writer Dmitry Evstafiev, Assistant Editor Olga Shamanova, Secretary Yevgeny Maslin, Senior Advisor Vyacheslav Zaytsev, Accountant Roland Timerbaev, Senior Advisor Elena Trofimova, Layout Vasily Lata, Advisor Natalya Kharchenko, Distribution Ivan Safranchuk, Analyst Printed in Russia Address: P.O. Box 17, Moscow, 117454, Russia Phone: +7+095-335-1955 Fax: +7+503-234-9558 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.pircenter.org Subscriptions worldwide (Russian and English editions): please, send requests to fax +7+095-234- 9558 or e-mail: [email protected]. Checks or wire transfers. Express mail delivery. Circulation: Russian journal: 2,000 copies English Digest: 800 copies Signed for printing on December 3, 1999 • © PIR Center, 2000. All rights reserved. This publication may not be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in whole or in part, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without written permission of the Publisher. To request permission, please, contact the PR Department: [email protected]. For educational purposes, permission is given free-of-charge. • Statements of fact and opinion expressed in the Yaderny Kontrol Digest are responsibility of the authors alone and do not imply the endorsement of the editors and the PIR Center • The editors wish to express special thanks to the Center for Nonproliferation Studies at the Monterey Institute of International Studies for making this publication possible through its support of the PIR-Center for Policy Studies in Russia Publisher: PIR–Center for Policy Studies in Russia Amb. Roland Timerbaev, Executive Council Chair Dr. Vladimir A. Orlov, Director, and Executive Council Member Dr. Vladimir A. Mau, Executive Council Member Prof. Yuri Fyodorov, Executive Council Member Yaderny Kontrol (Nuclear Control) Digest. Volume 5, No.1. Winter 2000 4 Editorial movement, whose activities have become a global security challenge and replaced THE WORLD COMMUNITY existing Islamic non-governmental SHOULD FORM A UNITED organizations. Another threat is the Taliban movement combining the ideology of radical FRONT AGAINST A NEW WAVE Islam with a strong Pashtun nationalism. The OF TERRORISM world has to fight against international drug dealers, who directly affect the decision- The situation in the North Caucasus and making process in some European states (this terrorist explosions in Moscow forced was clearly demonstrated by the Russian society to seek new methods of developments in the Balkans), and to face the countering terrorism in its various challenges coming from other religious and manifestations. The social concern about easy ethnic entities of sub-national or ways of conducting terrorist acts resulted in transnational character. the understanding that the main challenges to Russian national security would come not For the representatives of these sub-national from the USA or NATO (as one might think non-governmental groups, terrorism is one of analyzing military expenditures) but from the ways to let the world know about their instability in the south of Russia. The public existence; to assert their claims, since they realized the danger of limited armed have no opportunity to achieve their goals conflicts. within the framework of a state. In these circumstances, the most dangerous thing Russia has to face the most complicated type would be the lack of unity within the of terrorism - unselective terrorism, which international community. Unfortunately, we chooses its objects to provide maximal witness a situation where the illegal activities intimidation of the population, to undermine of sub-state groups are used to pursue morale and to destroy the political will of the political goals. This is true with respect to the elite. Under such circumstances, Russia will loyal NATO attitude to the drug-traffickers have to work out a social psychological of the Kosovo Liberation Army, Western pattern, which should influence public flirting with the Chechen secessionist consciousness and will reduce, if not prevent, movement, and moral support to the Kurdish the cases of terrorism. This doesn't mean Labor Party on the part of the Russian promoting a climate of suspicion and political elite, although the Kurds were slander. We advocate reasonable caution and involved in drug trafficking and terrorism. attentiveness. In fact, these processes are even deeper. They Most desirable would be to de-politicize mark the emergence of a multi-polar world, terrorism, to deny the terrorists excusable which is so highly praised in Russia. The motives for their activity. All political parties emergence of a multi-polar system is an and movements of the country should come objective trend of the world development in to an agreement that terrorism is an absolute the last decade of the XXI century. However, evil, and neither living standards nor a fight it has to overcome the resistance of the USA for ideals should call into question the right and other members of the UN Security and duty of the Government to struggle Council’s exclusive club, who don't want to against terrorism using the severest methods. concede some of their rights and to make the Unfortunately, Russia lacks such a unity of change of status quo in world politics more intentions. predictable, dirigible and painless for the Great Powers. This process of creating a multi- The current wave of terrorism results from polar world order has found other ways of the stirring up of non-governmental groups military-political and geopolitical of the world system. In recent years, the implementation. In its fight against terrorism international community has found itself and other challenges the international confronting the international Islamic community should not forget the genuine roots of this extremism. Yaderny Kontrol (Nuclear Control) Digest. Volume 5, No.1. Winter 2000 5 Hot Topic We will therefore examine answers to three of the questions: - 75% OF RUSSIANS STAND FOR Will the world be more stable if the number of nuclear weapon states NONPROLIFERATION increases? - Should Russia transfer its nuclear by Ivan Safranchuk, weapons and technologies to other PIR Research Associate states? - Is nuclear theft from Russian nuclear © PIR Center, 1999. All rights reserved. facilities possible or not? Translation into English. Abridged version Will the World Be More Stable if the The PIR Center is conducting the research Number of Nuclear Weapon States "Examining Attitudes of Russians towards Increases? Nuclear Weapons" in cooperation with the The results of the poll demonstrate that Center for Nonproliferation Studies of the Russians generally support nonproliferation. Monterey Institute of International Studies. 75% believe that the world will not be more This research is the first of its kind in Russia. stable if the number of states possessing Within the framework of this research nuclear weapons increases. It is somewhat project, we have just conducted an all- alarming that 11% think that the world will Russian public opinion poll. The poll covered indeed become more stable with 1,500 people in 56 localities, within 29 regions proliferation, while 14% found it difficult to of the Russian Federation, in all economic- answer this question. geographical zones. The percentage of those predicting a more stable world is nearly the same among men The results of the poll will be thoroughly and women: 11% and 10% respectively. At analyzed in a PIR Study Paper, which will the same time, there is a substantial come out in early 2000. The respondents difference among those presuming that were asked more than 20 questions nuclear arms proliferation would make the concerning nuclear nonproliferation, nuclear world less stable (80% of men and 72% of arms reduction, nuclear terrorism, and women). Russian nuclear policy. Unfortunately, it is impossible to cover all results of the poll in Women are not as clear about the problem of this article.
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  • Rights List 2020

    Rights List 2020

    authors list CLASSICS Bunin, Ivan full rights list LITERARY FICTION Beshlei, Olga Danilov, Dmitri 2020 Fedyarov, Aleksei Grigorenko, Aleksandr Grishkovets, Evgeni Matveeva, Anna Pavlov, Oleg Pogodina-Kuzmina, Olga Remizov, Viktor Senchin, Roman Slapovski, Aleksei Slavnikova, Olga Yuzefovich. Leonid Zaionchkovski, Oleg Zakharov, Dmitri Zobern, Oleg TRUE STORY | MEMOIR Gromova, Olga Kochergin, Eduard NON-RUSSIAN LITERARY FICTION BELARUSIA Martinovich, Viktor GEORGIA Burchuladze, Zaza LITHUANIA Kanovich, Grigori UKRAINE Nikitin, Aleksei news updates news.wiedling-litag.com NARRATIVE NON-FICTION Basinski, Pavel awards.wiedling-litag.com Danilkin, Lev topseller.wiedling-litag.com Eidman, Igor Yuzefovich, Leonid THRILLER | DETECTIVE Bochkov, Valery contact Ivanov, Aleksei Loiko, Sergej Yuzefovich, Leonid Thomas Wiedling Dolon, Maria t | +49-89-62242844 m | +49-174-2759072 BODY | MIND | SPIRIT [email protected] see extra list Wiedling Literary Agency FANTASY | SCIFI see www.fantasy.wiedling-litag.com Pappenheimstrasse 3 80335 Munich, Germany authors CLASSICS classics all works Publishers: Georgia - Sulakauri, Italy - Voland, Spain - Turkey - Jaguar, Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin was born 1870 in Voronezh, Russia, and died 1953 in Paris, France. He was a poet and novelist, the first Russian to receive the Nobel Prize for Literature (1933), and one of the finest of Russian stylists. Descendant of an old noble family, Bunin spent his childhood and youth in the Russian provinces. He began publishing poems and short stories in 1887. In the mid-1890s he gradually entered the Moscow and St. Petersburg literary scenes, including the growing Symbolist movement. However, Bunin’s work had more in common with the traditions of clas- sical Russian literature of the 19th century, of which his older contemporaries Tolstoy and Anton Chekhov were models.