Der Hässliche Deutsche“ – Kontinuität Und Wandel Im Medialen Außendiskurs Über Die Deutschen Seit Dem II

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Der Hässliche Deutsche“ – Kontinuität Und Wandel Im Medialen Außendiskurs Über Die Deutschen Seit Dem II Universität Bayreuth Interkulturelle Germanistik (Deutsch als Fremdsprache) „Der hässliche Deutsche“ – Kontinuität und Wandel im medialen Außendiskurs über die Deutschen seit dem II. Weltkrieg Universiteit Utrecht Duitse taal en cultuur Interculturele communicatie „Der hässliche Deutsche“ – Kontinuität und Wandel im medialen Außendiskurs über die Deutschen seit dem II. Weltkrieg Masterarbeit vorgelegt von Anna Stiepel Zur Erlangung eines Doppeldiploms der Universitäten Utrecht und Bayreuth Angefertigt für Interkulturelle Germanistik (Deutsch als Fremdsprache) an der Universität Bayreuth, Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaftliche Fakultät Sommersemester 2009 Matrikelnr. 1130128 (BT) 3399699 (UU) Erstprüfer: Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Herrlitz (Universität Utrecht, Niederlande) Zweitprüfer: PD Dr. Wolf Dieter Otto (Universität Bayreuth, Deutschland) Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis ................................................................................................... I Abbildungsverzeichnis .........................................................................................IV Tabellenverzeichnis ...............................................................................................V A. Einleitung..................................................................................................... 6 I. Der „hässliche Deutsche“ im interkulturellen Dialog....................................... 6 B. Stellung und Funktion von Kulturthemen in der interkulturellen Germanistik ............................................................................................... 11 I. Nation als Kulturthema................................................................................ 11 1. Der Innendiskurs über Deutschland............................................................. 12 2. Der Außendiskurs über Deutschland........................................................... 14 a) Die historische Komponente des Außendiskurses....................................... 14 b) Nazismus-Forschung im Ausland ................................................................ 15 c) Der populäre Außendiskurs......................................................................... 17 II. Zur Forschungslage .................................................................................... 18 III. Theoretisch-Methodische Grundlagen......................................................... 22 1. Textbegriff................................................................................................... 22 2. Werkimmanenz ........................................................................................... 23 3. Kontextualisierung....................................................................................... 24 IV. Materialsammlung....................................................................................... 24 C. Der „hässliche Deutsche“: Spurensuche in Forschung und Nachkriegspolitik ...................................................................................... 27 I. Wer ist das – der „hässliche Deutsche“? ..................................................... 27 II. Der autoritäre Charakter als Wesensmerkmal des „hässlichen Deutschen“.................................................................................................. 30 1. Studien zum autoritären Charakter.............................................................. 30 2. Der autoritäre Charakter im totalitären System............................................ 32 III. Faschismustheorien: Verbrecherbande oder Agenten des Kapitals?........... 33 1. Die sowjet-marxistische Faschismustheorie ................................................ 34 2. Die Nazismus-Analysen des Instituts für Sozialforschung ........................... 34 a) Exkurs: Horkheimer, Adorno, Marcuse ........................................................ 37 3. Die Totalitarismustheorie............................................................................. 39 4. Die historisch-phänomenologische Faschismustheorie ............................... 40 IV. Re-education: Die Demokratisierung des „hässlichen Deutschen“............... 41 1. Presse, Radio und Film im Programm der Re-education............................. 44 2. Die Filme des Marshallplans: Toleranz lernen durch Kurzfilme.................... 47 3. Re-education und Antifaschismus in der DDR............................................. 49 4. Resultat und Wirkung der politischen Umerziehung .................................... 52 D. Filmische Reflexionen des Nationalsozialismus..................................... 53 I Inhaltsverzeichnis I. Das Massenphänomen „Film“...................................................................... 53 II. Das Holocaust-Genre: Typen und Gattungskonventionen ........................... 54 1. Lachen über Hitler – Darf man oder muss man? ......................................... 56 a) Die Entstehung der Holocaust-Filmkomödie................................................ 57 b) Das Lachen................................................................................................. 58 c) Formen und Funktionen des Lachens ......................................................... 58 III. Antifaschistische Filme vor 1945 ................................................................. 60 1. Charlie Chaplin The Great Dictator (1940)................................................... 61 a) Der große Diktator und der kleine Friseur.................................................... 61 b) Der „hässliche Deutsche“: Anton Hynkel und seine Männer ........................ 62 c) Moralischer Kontrast und humanitäres Pathos ............................................ 64 2. Ernst Lubitsch To Be or Not To Be – Heil Hamlet! (1942)............................ 65 a) Hamlet, Widerstand und falsche Bärte ........................................................ 66 b) Der hässliche Deutsche: Hitler und Konzentrationslager Erhardt................. 66 3. Fred Zinneman The Seventh Cross (1944).................................................. 69 a) Das Licht der Menschlichkeit....................................................................... 69 b) Der hässliche Deutsche: SS, Gestapo und Normalbürger ........................... 70 IV. NS-Dramen nach 1945................................................................................ 72 1. Roberto Rosselini Roma cittá aperta (1945)................................................ 72 a) „Es ist nicht schwer gut zu sterben...“ .......................................................... 73 b) Der hässliche Deutsche: Greta und Bergmann............................................ 74 c) Die Poesie der Menschlichkeit..................................................................... 75 2. Helmut Käutner Des Teufels General (1955)............................................... 76 a) „Wer dem Teufel im Leben die Bahn bombt...“ ............................................ 76 b) Der hässliche Deutsche: Harras, Schmidt-Lausitz und indifferente Mitläufer ...................................................................................................... 77 c) Das moralische Gewissen und die Völkermischung am Rhein .................... 79 3. Mel Brooks The Producers – Frühling für Hitler (1967)................................ 80 a) Das schlechteste Theaterstück der Welt...................................................... 81 b) Der hässliche Deutsche: Franz Liebkind...................................................... 82 4. Alan J. Pakula Sophie’s Choice (1982)........................................................ 83 a) Eine Sommerfreundschaft in Brooklyn......................................................... 83 b) Der hässliche Deutsche: Rudolf Höß........................................................... 84 c) Intertextualität und Opfer-/ Täterdifferenzierungen ...................................... 85 V. NS-Dramen nach 1990................................................................................ 86 1. Steven Spielberg Schindler’s List (1993) ..................................................... 86 a) „Wer ein einziges Leben rettet, rettet die ganze Welt“ ................................. 87 b) Der hässliche Deutsche: Oskar Schindler und Amon Göth.......................... 88 2. Roberto Benigni La Vita È Bella (1997) ....................................................... 92 a) Ein Panzer als Hauptgewinn........................................................................ 93 b) Der hässliche Deutsche: Dr. Lessing und das Lagerpersonal...................... 93 c) Lesarten und Intertextualität ........................................................................ 94 3. Radu Mihaileanu Train de Vie (1998) .......................................................... 96 a) Ein jüdisches Shtetl deportiert sich selbst.................................................... 97 b) Der hässliche Deutsche: Jüdische Nazis und deutsche Deppen ................. 98 c) Das Ende einer Reise................................................................................ 100 II Inhaltsverzeichnis 4. Peter Kassovitz Jakob the Liar (1999) ....................................................... 101 a) Die Geschichte vom Radio........................................................................ 102 b) Der hässliche Deutsche: Die SS unter General Hardtloff........................... 103 c) Tragische Helden und komische Märtyrer ................................................. 104 5. Rolf Schübel Ein Lied von Liebe und Tod – Gloomy Sunday
Recommended publications
  • Holocaust : the Documentary Evidence / Introduction by Henry J
    D 804 .3 H655 1993 ..v** \ ”>k^:>00'° * k5^-;:^C ’ * o4;^>>o° • ’>fe £%' ’5 %^S' w> «* O p N-4 ^ y° ^ ^ if. S' * * ‘/c*V • • •#• O' * ^V^A. f ° V0r*V, »■ ^^hrJ 0 ° "8f °^; ^ " ^Y> »<<■ °H° %>*,-’• o/V’m*' ( ^ »1 * °* •<> ■ 11 • 0Vvi » » !■„ V " o « % Jr % > » *"'• f ;M’t W ;• jfe*-. w 4»Yv4-W-r ' '\rs9 - ^ps^fc 1 v-v « ^ o f SI ° ^SJJV o J o cS^f) 2 IISII - ?%^ * .v W$M : <yj>A. * * A A, o WfyVS? =» _ 0 c^'Tn ft / /, , *> -X- V^W/.ov o e b' j . &? \v 'Mi.»> 'Sswr o, J?<v.v w lv4><k\NJ * ^ ^ . °o \V<<> x<P o* Sffli: "£? iiPli5 XT i^sm” TT - W"» w *<|E5»; •J.oJ%P/ y\ %^p»# j*\ °*Ww; 4?% « ^WmW^O . *S° * l>t-»^\V, ” * CTo4;^o° * * : • o°^4oo° • V'O « •: v .••gpaV. \* :f •: K:#i K •#;o K il|:>C :#• !&: V ; ", *> Q *•a- vS#^.//'n^L;V *y* >wT<^°x- *** *jt 1' , ,»*y co ' >n 9 v3 ^S'J°'%‘,“'" V’t'^X,,“°y°>*e,°'S,',n * • • C\,'“K°,45»,-*<>A^'” **^*. f°C 8 ^\W- A/.fef;^ tM; i\ ^ # # ^ *J0g§S 4'°* ft V4°/ rv j- ^ O >?'V 7!&l'ev ❖ ft r Oo ^4#^irJ> 1fS‘'^s3:i ^ O >P-4* ^ rf-^ *2^70^ -r ^ ^ ._ * \44\§s> u _ ^,§<!, <K 4 L< « ,»9vyv%s« »,°o,'*»„;,* 4*0 “» o°, 1.0, -r X*MvV/'Sl'" *>4v >X'°*°y'(• > /4>-' K ** <T ^ r 4TSS "oz Vv «r >j,'j‘ cpS'a" WMW » » ,©fi^ * c^’tw °,ww * <^v4 *1 3 V/fF'-k^k z “y^3ts.\N ^ <V'’ ^V> , '~^>S/ ji^ * »j, o a> ’Cf' Q ,7—-.
    [Show full text]
  • Hannah Arendt Und Die Frankfurter Schule
    Einsicht 03 Bulletin des Fritz Bauer Instituts Hannah Arendt Fritz Bauer Institut und die Frankfurter Schule Geschichte und MMitit BeiträgenBeiträgen vonvon LLilianeiliane WWeissberg,eissberg, Wirkung des Holocaust MMonikaonika BBolloll uundnd Ann-KathrinAnn-Kathrin PollmannPollmann Editorial haben wir uns in einer Ringvorlesung den zentralen Exponenten die- ser Auseinandersetzung zugewandt: Peter Szondi, Karl Löwith, Jacob Taubes, Ernst Bloch und anderen. Unsere Gastprofessorin, Prof. Dr. Liliane Weissberg, hat in einem Seminar Hannah Arendts umstrittene These von der »Banalität des Bösen« neu beleuchtet, während das Jüdische Museum sich mit den Rückkehrern der »Frankfurter Schu- le« (Horkheimer, Adorno, Pollock u.a.) beschäftigte. Im Rahmen ei- ner internationalen Tagung führte Liliane Weissberg die beiden The- men »Hannah Arendt« und »Frankfurter Schule« zusammen. Zwei der dort gehaltenen Vorträge drucken wir in diesem Heft ab. Sie werden ergänzt durch einen Artikel zu Günther Anders, dessen Überlegungen zu »Auschwitz« und »Hiroshima« einen deutlich anderen Denkansatz in dieser deutsch-jüdischen Nachkriegsgeschichte darstellen. Liebe Leserinnen und Leser, Die vom Fritz Bauer Institut gemeinsam mit dem Jüdischen Mu- seum Frankfurt, dem Deutschen Filminstitut – DIF und CineGraph die Herbstausgabe unseres Bulletins, – Hamburgisches Centrum für Filmforschung e.V. organisierte Jah- Einsicht 02, war dem Prozess gegen John restagung der Arbeitsgruppe »Cinematographie des Holocaust« fand Demjanjuk gewidmet. Die Gerichts- dieses Jahr im Jüdischen Museum statt und hatte Benjamin Murmel- verhandlung in München hat erst nach stein (1905–1989) zum Thema. Der Rabbiner, Althistoriker, Gelehr- dem Erscheinen unseres Heftes begon- te und umstrittene letzte »Judenälteste« von Theresienstadt gewährte nen, sodass wir uns darin vor allem auf Claude Lanzmann 1975 in Rom – zur Vorbereitung seines Shoah- die Vorgänge, die zum Schwurgerichts- Films – ein 11-stündiges Interview.
    [Show full text]
  • England and Wales High Court (Queen's Bench Division) Decisions >> Irving V
    [Home ] [ Databases ] [ World Law ] [Multidatabase Search ] [ Help ] [ Feedback ] England and Wales High Court (Queen's Bench Division) Decisions You are here: BAILII >> Databases >> England and Wales High Court (Queen's Bench Division) Decisions >> Irving v. Penguin Books Limited, Deborah E. Lipstat [2000] EWHC QB 115 (11th April, 2000) URL: http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWHC/QB/2000/115.html Cite as: [2000] EWHC QB 115 [New search ] [ Help ] Irving v. Penguin Books Limited, Deborah E. Lipstat [2000] EWHC QB 115 (11th April, 2000) 1996 -I- 1113 IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE QUEEN'S BENCH DIVISION Before: The Hon. Mr. Justice Gray B E T W E E N: DAVID JOHN CADWELL IRVING Claimant -and- PENGUIN BOOKS LIMITED 1st Defendant DEBORAH E. LIPSTADT 2nd Defendant MR. DAVID IRVING (appered in person). MR. RICHARD RAMPTON QC (instructed by Messrs Davenport Lyons and Mishcon de Reya) appeared on behalf of the first and second Defendants. MISS HEATHER ROGERS (instructed by Messrs Davenport Lyons) appeared on behalf of the first Defendant, Penguin Books Limited. MR ANTHONY JULIUS (instructed by Messrs Mishcon de Reya) appeared on behalf of the second Defendant, Deborah Lipstadt. I direct pursuant to CPR Part 39 P.D. 6.1. that no official shorthand note shall be taken of this judgment and that copies of this version as handed down may be treated as authentic. Mr. Justice Gray 11 April 2000 Index Paragraph I. INTRODUCTION 1.1 A summary of the main issues 1.4 The parties II. THE WORDS COMPLAINED OF AND THEIR MEANING 2.1 The passages complained of 2.6 The issue of identification 2.9 The issue of interpretation or meaning III.
    [Show full text]
  • Filming the End of the Holocaust War, Culture and Society
    Filming the End of the Holocaust War, Culture and Society Series Editor: Stephen McVeigh, Associate Professor, Swansea University, UK Editorial Board: Paul Preston LSE, UK Joanna Bourke Birkbeck, University of London, UK Debra Kelly University of Westminster, UK Patricia Rae Queen’s University, Ontario, Canada James J. Weingartner Southern Illimois University, USA (Emeritus) Kurt Piehler Florida State University, USA Ian Scott University of Manchester, UK War, Culture and Society is a multi- and interdisciplinary series which encourages the parallel and complementary military, historical and sociocultural investigation of 20th- and 21st-century war and conflict. Published: The British Imperial Army in the Middle East, James Kitchen (2014) The Testimonies of Indian Soldiers and the Two World Wars, Gajendra Singh (2014) South Africa’s “Border War,” Gary Baines (2014) Forthcoming: Cultural Responses to Occupation in Japan, Adam Broinowski (2015) 9/11 and the American Western, Stephen McVeigh (2015) Jewish Volunteers, the International Brigades and the Spanish Civil War, Gerben Zaagsma (2015) Military Law, the State, and Citizenship in the Modern Age, Gerard Oram (2015) The Japanese Comfort Women and Sexual Slavery During the China and Pacific Wars, Caroline Norma (2015) The Lost Cause of the Confederacy and American Civil War Memory, David J. Anderson (2015) Filming the End of the Holocaust Allied Documentaries, Nuremberg and the Liberation of the Concentration Camps John J. Michalczyk Bloomsbury Academic An Imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc LONDON • OXFORD • NEW YORK • NEW DELHI • SYDNEY Bloomsbury Academic An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 50 Bedford Square 1385 Broadway London New York WC1B 3DP NY 10018 UK USA www.bloomsbury.com BLOOMSBURY and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published 2014 Paperback edition fi rst published 2016 © John J.
    [Show full text]
  • The Shoah on Screen – Representing Crimes Against Humanity Big Screen, Film-Makers Generally Have to Address the Key Question of Realism
    Mémoi In attempting to portray the Holocaust and crimes against humanity on the The Shoah on screen – representing crimes against humanity big screen, film-makers generally have to address the key question of realism. This is both an ethical and an artistic issue. The full range of approaches has emember been adopted, covering documentaries and fiction, historical reconstructions such as Steven Spielberg’s Schindler’s List, depicting reality in all its details, and more symbolic films such as Roberto Benigni’s Life is beautiful. Some films have been very controversial, and it is important to understand why. Is cinema the best way of informing the younger generations about what moire took place, or should this perhaps be left, for example, to CD-Roms, videos Memoi or archive collections? What is the difference between these and the cinema as an art form? Is it possible to inform and appeal to the emotions without being explicit? Is emotion itself, though often very intense, not ambivalent? These are the questions addressed by this book which sets out to show that the cinema, a major art form today, cannot merely depict the horrors of concentration camps but must also nurture greater sensitivity among increas- Mémoire ingly younger audiences, inured by the many images of violence conveyed in the media. ireRemem moireRem The Shoah on screen – www.coe.int Representing crimes The Council of Europe has 47 member states, covering virtually the entire continent of Europe. It seeks to develop common democratic and legal princi- against humanity ples based on the European Convention on Human Rights and other reference texts on the protection of individuals.
    [Show full text]
  • Paper for B(&N
    International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Vol. 8 • No. 11 • November 2018 doi:10.30845/ijhss.v8n11p1 The Planning and Architecture of Deportation, Imprisonment and Death - Reflections on the Ethical Implications of the Holocaust for Built and Natural Environment Disciplines Richard Kötter Senior Lecturer in Economic /Political Geography Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences School of the Built and Natural Environment Faculty of Engineering and Environment Northumbria University Lewis Preston Formerly Senior Lecturer in Architecture School of the Built and Natural Environment Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST. Abstract This paper is based on an exchange and dialogue between two academics on how the legacy of the Nazi period is relevant for built environment, planning and human geography disciplines.We argue that we should be reflecting on the conduct and utility of spatial and urban planning and design in the Nazi period from the perspective of professional ethics, not just as a historical reflection and remembrance but also to inform current and future generations of professionals. Keywords: National Socialist (NS / Nazi) spatial planning and urban design; professional conduct and ethics, Holocaust / Shoah / Porajnos 1, „tabula rasa“; Oswiecim / Auschwitz; German occupation of Poland from 1939. 2 1.0 Architecture and Planning‚ Post-Auschwitz‘? Taking their cue from Adorno„s text on „education after Auschwitz“ in the 1960s 3, a whole series of professions have asked this question for their respective field: what do the events of Auschwitz (as the central symbolic reference space) and the genocide in Europe more broadly perpetrated by Nazi Germany and her collaborateurs mean for the actors of the following generations ? 4 We shall restrict ourself to a consideration (informed by historiographies) of the disciplines of architecture and urban construction (Rose, 1993, Gutschow, 2001; Willems, 2000), spatial planning and urban design (Rössler, 1989 and 2001, in Szöllösi-Janze, M.
    [Show full text]
  • Reichskommissariat Ostland from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history Reichskommissariat Ostland From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Ostland" redirects here. For the province of the Empire in Warhammer 40,000, see Ostland (Warhammer). Navigation Reichskommissariat Ostland (RKO) was the civilian occupation regime established by Main page Germany in the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), the north-eastern part of Reichskommissariat Ostland Contents Poland and the west part of the Belarusian SSR during World War II. It was also known Reichskommissariat of Germany Featured content [1] initially as Reichskommissariat Baltenland ("Baltic Land"). The political organization Current events ← → for this territory—after an initial period of military administration before its establishment— 1941–1945 Random article was that of a German civilian administration, nominally under the authority of the Reich Donate to Wikipedia Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories (German: Reichsministerium für die besetzten Ostgebiete) led by Nazi ideologist Alfred Rosenberg, but was in reality Interaction controlled by the Nazi official Hinrich Lohse, its appointed Reichskommissar. Help The main political objective, which the ministry laid out in the framework of National Flag Emblem About Wikipedia Socialist policies for the east established by Adolf Hitler, were the complete annihilation Community portal of the Jewish population and the settlement of ethnic Germans along with the expulsion or Recent changes Germanization of parts of the native population
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to the Sources on the Holocaust in Occupied Poland
    Alina Skibińska Guide to the Sources on the Holocaust in Occupied Poland (Translated, revised and updated edition of the original Polish Źródła do badań nad zagładą Żydów na okupowanych ziemiach polskich by Alina Skibińska, Warsaw, 2007) With the cooperation of: Co-authors: Giles Bennett, Marta Janczewska, Dariusz Libionka, Witold Mędykowski, Jacek Andrzej Młynarczyk, Jakub Petelewicz, Monika Polit Translator: Jessica Taylor-Kucia Editorial board: Giles Bennett, Michał Czajka, Dieter Pohl, Pascal Trees, Veerle Vanden Daelen European Holocaust Research Infrastructure (EHRI) 2014 2 Table of contents List of abbreviations 5 Preface 11 I Archives and Institutions 15 1. Archives managed by the Naczelna Dyrekcja Archiwów Polskich (Head Office of the State Archives) 17 2. The Emanuel Ringelblum Jewish Historical Institute 57 3. Instytut Pamięci Narodowej – Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu (Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation) 73 4. The Archives of Memorial Museums 89 5. Other museums, libraries, institutions and organizations in Poland, private collections, and Church files 107 6. The Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum, and the Polish Underground Movement Study Trust in London; the Hoover Institution, Stanford University, California, USA 119 7. The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington D.C., USA 133 8. Archives and institutions in Israel (Witold Mędykowski) 145 9. Sources for Research into the Extermination of the Jews in Poland in German Archives (Jacek Andrzej Młynarczyk, updated by Giles Bennett) 177 II. Sources 191 1. German administrative authorities and police 191 2. Judenrat files 203 3. The Underground Archive of the Warsaw Ghetto (ARG), the Ringelblum Archive (Ring.
    [Show full text]
  • Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1933-1945
    NAZI GERMANY AND THE JEWS, 1933–1945 ABRIDGED EDITION SAUL FRIEDLÄNDER Abridged by Orna Kenan To Una CONTENTS Foreword v Acknowledgments xiii Maps xv PART ONE : PERSECUTION (January 1933–August 1939) 1. Into the Third Reich: January 1933– December 1933 3 2. The Spirit of the Laws: January 1934– February 1936 32 3. Ideology and Card Index: March 1936– March 1938 61 4. Radicalization: March 1938–November 1938 87 5. A Broken Remnant: November 1938– September 1939 111 PART TWO : TERROR (September 1939–December 1941) 6. Poland Under German Rule: September 1939– April 1940 143 7. A New European Order: May 1940– December 1940 171 iv CONTENTS 8. A Tightening Noose: December 1940–June 1941 200 9. The Eastern Onslaught: June 1941– September 1941 229 10. The “Final Solution”: September 1941– December 1941 259 PART THREE : SHOAH (January 1942–May 1945) 11. Total Extermination: January 1942–June 1942 287 12. Total Extermination: July 1942–March 1943 316 13. Total Extermination: March 1943–October 1943 345 14. Total Extermination: Fall 1943–Spring 1944 374 15. The End: March 1944–May 1945 395 Notes 423 Selected Bibliography 449 Index 457 About the Author About the Abridger Other Books by Saul Friedlander Credits Cover Copyright About the Publisher FOREWORD his abridged edition of Saul Friedländer’s two volume his- Ttory of Nazi Germany and the Jews is not meant to replace the original. Ideally it should encourage its readers to turn to the full-fledged version with its wealth of details and interpre- tive nuances, which of necessity could not be rendered here.
    [Show full text]
  • Tell Ye Your Children
    Tell Ye Your Children… Your Ye Tell Tell Ye Your Children… STÉPHANE BRUCHFELD AND PAUL A. LEVINE A book about the Holocaust in Europe 1933-1945 – with new material about Sweden and the Holocaust THE LIVING HISTORY FORUM In 1997, the former Swedish Prime Minister Göran Persson initiated a comprehensive information campaign about the Holocaust entitled “Living History”. The aim was to provide facts and information and to encourage a discussion about compassion, democracy and the equal worth of all people. The book “Tell Ye Your Children…” came about as a part of this project. The book was initially intended primarily for an adult audience. In 1999, the Swedish Government appointed a committee to investigate the possibilities of turning “Living History” into a perma- nent project. In 2001, the parliament decided to set up a new natio- nal authority, the Living History Forum, which was formally establis- hed in 2003. The Living History Forum is commissioned to work with issues related to tolerance, democracy and human rights, using the Holocaust and other crimes against humanity as its starting point. This major challenge is our specific mission. The past and the pre- sent are continuously present in everything we do. Through our continuous contacts with teachers and other experts within education, we develop methods and tools for reaching our key target group: young people. Tell Ye Your Children… A book about the Holocaust in Europe 1933–1945 – THIRD REVISED AND EXPANDED ENGLISH EDITION – STÉPHANE BRUCHFELD AND PAUL A. LEVINE Tell Ye Your
    [Show full text]
  • Information Issued by the Association of Jewish Refugees in Great Britain
    VOL. XX No. 3 March, 1965 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN • FAIRFAX MANSIONS. FINCHLEY RO. (corner Fairfax Rd.), Lendm. N.W.I 0//ic* and Ctnuilting Houn: TdapheiH ; MAIda v*l« S096/7 (Gmaral olAct and Wtllart tor tha Agad). Monday to Tkurtday 10a.m.—Ipjn. }—6pjn. MAIda Val* 4449 (Employmant Agancy, annuallr llcanicd br tha L.C.C.. and Social Services Dept,) Friday IOa.m.-~l p.m. so far about 150 people had expressed their ACHIEVEMENTS AND NEW PLANS interest in the scheme. The idea was that every applicant should contribute proportion­ ally to the investment costs, and that the AJR Board Meeting current maintenance cost would also have to be defrayed exclusively by the residents themselves. Arrangements were also envi­ More than 60 people from London and the The AJR Social Services Department had saged for persons who, without wishing to be Provinces attended the meeting of the AJR to deal with a variety of problems raised by a admitted now, were prepared to contribute Jioard on January 31, when past activities and great number of callers, including employ­ towards the investment costs with a view to plans for the future were reported and dis­ ment, accommodation, help in cases of sick­ being admitted when the need arose. The cussed. ness and psychiatric advice. shape of a company to be founded was at pre­ The Meeting was opened by Mr, A, S, AJR Information was an indispensable sent being considered by the Sub-Committee in Oresel (Chainnan of the AJR) who paid source of information and also a link between consultation with legal experts.
    [Show full text]
  • Treblinka Camp, Located in Eastern Poland, Between the Summers of 1942 and 1943
    CCarloarlo MMattogno,attogno, JJürgenürgen GGrafraf Holocaust survivors report that at least 700,000, if not as many as three million people primarily of Jewish faith were murdered in the Treblinka camp, located in eastern Poland, between the summers of 1942 and 1943. Various murder weapons are claimed to have been used: mobile or stationary gas chambers; poison gas with delayed or immediate effect; unslaked lime; hot steam; high voltage; machine guns; vacuum chambers; chlorine Camp? Transit or gas; Zyklon B; diesel exhaust gas. According to the witnesses, Extermination Camp TTreblinkareblinka the corpses of the victims were fi nally incinerated on pyres as high as a multi-story building without leaving any traces. • EExterminationxtermination CampCamp In the fi rst part of this book, the offi cial image portrait of Treblinka is subjected to a thorough critique regarding its oorr TTransitransit CCamp?amp? historical genesis, inner logic, and technical feasibility. The result of this analysis is essentially that the historical picture, which is prescribed by penal law in many European countries, is untenable, because it is nothing more than an uninterrupted chain of absurdities. In the second part of this book, the authors attempt to deter- mine the real function of the Treblinka camp with the help of witness statements, documents, and forensic fi ndings. Through their analysis, they conclude that Treblinka was a transit camp, through which Jews from Warsaw and other areas were led on their way either to occupied Soviet territories in the east or to Treblinka the Majdanek camp and other labor camps in the area south of Treblinka.
    [Show full text]