SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 71ST ANNUAL MEETING NOVEMBER 12-15, 2014 GREENVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA BULLETIN 57 SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE BULLETIN 57 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 71ST ANNUAL MEETING NOVEMBER 12-15, 2014 HYATT REGENCY GREENVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA Edited by: Karen Y. Smith, Charlie Cobb, Brandy Joy, and Keith Stephenson Organized by: Charlie Cobb, Karen Y. Smith, and Nena Powell Rice Hosted by: South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology iii Cover: Postcard, early 20th c., Woodside Cotton Mills, Greenville, South Carolina. Printing of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin 57—2014 funded by © Southeastern Archaeological Conference 2014 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Maps of Greenville .......................................................................................................... vi See also http://www.greenvillesc.gov/PublicWorks/forms/trolleymap.pdf Hyatt Regency Meeting Room Floor Plan .................................................................. vii Preface and Acknowledgements ................................................................................ viii List of Donors .................................................................................................................. xi SEAC at a Glance.............................................................................................................. 1 General Information and Special Events ...................................................................... 2 Program Thursday Morning, November 13 ..................................................................... 3 Thursday Afternoon, November 13 .................................................................. 6 Friday Morning, November 14 .......................................................................... 9 Friday Afternoon, November 14 ...................................................................... 13 Saturday Morning, November 15 .................................................................... 17 Student Paper Competition Entries ............................................................................. 24 Abstracts of Symposia and Workshops ...................................................................... 26 Abstracts of Papers and Posters ................................................................................... 31 v Downtown Greenville, SC, with meeting and activity locations Meeting location and museums vi FIRST FLOOR HYATT REGENCY GREENVILLE 220 NORTH MAIN ST 1-864-235-1234 SECOND FLOOR vii PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Welcome back to Greenville after a sixteen year hiatus! In 1998 Ken Sassaman, Chris Judge, and Monica Beck, along with a supporting cast from the South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology (SCIAA) and the Department of Anthropology at USC, spearheaded a highly successful SEAC meeting. Aside from the usual range of exciting papers and symposia, that meeting is fondly remembered by many of us as the best SEAC ever! We were charmed by the friendly and vibrant downtown atmosphere, where there were dozens of restaurants, shops, and bars in easy walking distance of the Hyatt Regency. The good news is that Greenville is bigger and better than ever. From its nineteenth century roots as a major mill town (it was once known as “The Textile Center of the World”), Greenville and the surrounding region have continued to be a cultural and economic draw in this area of the Southeast. We hope that you have time to explore the larger downtown area and enjoy the many museums, parks, and other treats that the city has to offer. This is an auspicious year for SCIAA to be hosting the SEAC meeting. SCIAA was established in 1963, thus 2013 was its fiftieth anniversary. So we like to see 2014 as coinciding with an inauguration of another half century of fruitful collaborations and relationships with our colleagues from throughout the Southeast. And who knows? With continuing medical advances maybe many of us will be around to celebrate SCIAA’s centennial and the hosting of yet another (of hopefully many) SEAC meetings in Greenville. It will be difficult for that far-off meeting to top this one, however. This meeting is packed, featuring 19 organized symposia, 14 general sessions, and 4 poster sessions, encompassing 337 individual presentations (not including discussants). In addition, the Student Affairs Committee (SAC) is hosting two different events. First, there is a luncheon related to developing trends in the job market. Second, they have organized a panel discussion on gender issues in Southeastern archaeology. We also have a luncheon sponsored by the South Carolina Army National Guard (SCARNG) that is devoted to best practices in historic rural household archaeology. Across all of these sessions there is a great balance of theory (iconography, gender, ideology, adaptation), method (lithics, sourcing studies, bioarchaeology, GIS), region and site based presentations (too many to even summarize in a few words), and public outreach (teaching, working with the public, and state parks). It is also gratifying to see a robust number of historical and maritime offerings. In your busy schedule of seguing from one presentation to another, be sure to conserve some energy for extracurricular activities. Our Thursday evening reception at the Upcountry History Museum is only a short walk from the conference hotel. The Business Meeting is at 5:30 on Friday, but we have left enough time between that and the beginning of the dance for you to grab a bite to eat and restore your strength for an evening of hoofing it with your colleagues. If you are staying in town after the official close of the meeting at noon on Saturday, please make it a point to make it to Fall Field Day, sponsored by the Archaeological Society of South Carolina. ASSC has a terrific history of providing this event as a component to Archaeology Month, and we will be treated to a Cherokee dance troupe, blacksmithing demonstrations, a Catawba pottery exhibit, and other fun and interesting things to see and do. It seems only fitting that the last day of our meeting is highlighted by an event dedicated to the public, and a reminder of why we all have such a passion for archaeology. And for those of you still around after Fall Field Day, yet one more reward awaits: Great Spirits of the Southeast! What better kickoff to whatever SEC games are on Saturday evening? Finally, we would like to thank the large number of people who helped us pull this meeting together. The Donor page in the Bulletin lists the generous monetary contributions that we received. From SRARP, Chris Moore organized the Great Spirits of SEAC and Keith Stephenson organized the Textile Tour. We appreciate the work Mona Grunden put into setting up the archaeological societies book sale, and helping those deserving groups to raise some funds. Kandi Hollenbach good naturedly responded to our frequent questions about membership issues. The website committee, Kandi Hollenbach, Tanya Peres Lemons, Tom Pluckhahn, Shane Miller, John Samuelsen, and our Web viii designer, Steve White, should receive a congratulations from all of the membership for the time they invested into getting our online registration system up and running this year. They have made our planning work infinitely easier. We would also like to recognize the work that SCAPOD devoted to creating the Foodways Tour passport for our registrants. At ground zero in Greenville, a major debt of gratitude is owed to Kristy Rushing with the Hyatt Regency, Michelle Stoudemire with the city’s Convention and Visitors Bureau, and Dana Thorpe, Elizabeth McSherry, and the rest of the gang at the Upcountry History Museum. Charlie, Karen, and Nena SEAC 2014 Meeting Organizers SPECIAL THANKS TO DONORS* Archaeological Research Trust Coastal Environments, Inc. Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc. Florida Archaeological Council Florida Museum of Natural History New South Associates, Inc. South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology Savannah River Archaeological Research Program Tennessee Valley Archaeological Research The Blue Ridge Brewing Company Lezlie Barker Linda Carnes-McNaughton Grayal Farr Robert Gross Ernest L. Helms, III, MD David Moore Barbara Purdy Nena Powell Rice Donna Ruhl Robert Sharp Gregory Waselkov Whit Perrin Wright Nancy White Steven Yerka *Donations as of October 15, 2014 ix Southeastern Archaeological Archaeological Southeastern Room Thursday Morning Thursday Afternoon Friday Morning Friday Afternoon Saturday Morning [24] Woodland Period [34] Student Affairs [5] Paleoindian and Archaic [15] Contact and Colonial Settlement, Interaction, Committee (SAC) Panel Crepe Myrtle Periods Periods and Ritual along the on Gender Roles among North Florida Gulf Coast SE Archaeologists [43] Historic and [7] New Perspectives on the [17] Subsistence, Prehistoric Archaeology of [26] Geophysics, Modeling, [36] Woodland Period Dogwood Seasonality, and Bioarchaeology in the Moundville and the Black and Chemical Analyses Archaeology Settlement Southeastern United 57,2014 Bulletin Conference Warrior Valley States [9] South Carolina Army [28] Student Affairs National Guard Magnolia Committee (SAC) (SCARNG) Panel on Luncheon Rural Households [16] New Perspectives on [42] Interpreting the Past, [6] Georgia on the Eve of the Shell Mounds and Teaching the Present, Redbud A [25] Forts and Missions [35] GIS Applications Change Middens of Canaveral and Planning for the National Seashore Future [10] Historic Tribes of