Translational Research and Knowledge in Agriculture and Food Production
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Translational Research and Knowledge in agriculture and food production Watu Wamae, Pauline Goyal-Rutsaert, Molly Morgan Jones, Siobhán Ní Chonaill, Joyce Tait, Joanna Chataway Prepared for the BBSRC and Defra EUROPE The research described in this document was prepared for BBSRC and Defra. RAND Europe is an independent, not-for-profit research organisation whose mission is to improve policy and decision making for the public good. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. R® is a registered trademark. © Copyright 2011 by BBSRC All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the copyright holders. Published 2011 by the RAND Corporation 1776 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138 1200 South Hayes Street, Arlington, VA 22202-5050 4570 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2665 Westbrook Centre, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 1YG, United Kingdom RAND URL: http://www.rand.org RAND Europe URL: http://www.rand.org/randeurope To order RAND documents or to obtain additional information, contact Distribution Services: Telephone: (310) 451-7002; Fax: (310) 451-6915; Email: [email protected] Preface This report, prepared for and funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) and the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), presents the results of an analysis of translational research and knowledge exchange in the UK agricultural sector. The aim of this study was to better understand how to assist the effective translation of research outcomes to practical application in the complex and diverse agriculture and food value chain. In this report we present a methodological framework for analysing translational research and knowledge exchange; its application to the UK wheat value chain and development of an evidence base; along with an analysis of the modes of translational research and knowledge exchange, the motivations to engage in these activities, and the barriers and enablers. The research project was undertaken between September 2010 and April 2011, with the data collection occurring between October 2010 and January 2011. This report should be of interest to government officials managing investment programs related to translational research and knowledge exchange, policymakers in the domain of technology policy, researchers studying the field of science and technology, and research and development centres in private companies. The research was lead by RAND Europe with support from Joyce Tait from the ESRC INNOGEN centre at Edinburgh University, Home Grown Cereals Authority and Campden-BRI. RAND Europe is an independent not-for-profit policy research organisation that aims to improve policy and decision-making in the public interest, through research and analysis. RAND Europe’s clients include European governments, institutions, NGOs and firms with a need for rigorous, independent, multidisciplinary analysis. For more information about RAND Europe or this document, please contact: RAND Europe Westbrook Centre Milton Road Cambridge CB4 1YG United Kingdom Tel. +44 (1223) 353 329 [email protected] iii Contents Preface ........................................................................................................................ iii Table of figures ............................................................................................................ ix Table of tables ...........................................................................................................xiii Table of boxes............................................................................................................. xv List of abbreviations .................................................................................................. xvii Summary ................................................................................................................... xix Approach and Methodology ............................................................................ xix Outcomes of research ...................................................................................... xxi Translational research and knowledge exchange in practice............................. xxii Conclusions .................................................................................................... xxii Acknowledgements .................................................................................................. xxiii CHAPTER 1 Introduction ........................................................................................... 1 1.1 Translational research and knowledge exchange in the agriculture and food value chain ................................................................................................ 1 1.2 The aim of this study ......................................................................................... 1 1.3 Translational research and knowledge exchange in the UK wheat value system ............................................................................................................... 2 1.4 Outputs of the study ......................................................................................... 3 CHAPTER 2 Definitions, conceptual framework and methodological approach ......... 5 2.1 Definitions and explanations ............................................................................. 5 2.2 R&D, translational research and knowledge exchange ....................................... 6 2.3 Methodological approach .................................................................................. 7 2.4 Development of a basic model of translational research and knowledge exchange in a value chain ................................................................................... 8 2.5 Types of actors .................................................................................................. 8 2.6 Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 9 CHAPTER 3 Using data on actors and activities to capture translational research in the wheat value chain .......................................................... 11 3.1 Translational research and knowledge exchange in the wheat value chain ........ 11 3.1.1 The actors of the UK wheat value chain ............................................. 14 3.1.2 The fields of knowledge ..................................................................... 14 3.2 The actors–activities matrix ............................................................................. 15 v Translational research and knowledge exchange in agriculture RAND Europe 3.2.1 Identifying actors’ engagement in wheat translational research ........... 16 3.2.2 Identifying patterns of activities in translational research .................... 20 3.3 The actor–actor matrix .................................................................................... 21 3.3.1 Actor collaborations in translational research ...................................... 22 3.3.2 Indentifying interaction nodes in translational research and knowledge exchange ........................................................................... 23 3.3.3 Validation workshop .......................................................................... 26 3.3.4 The potential of the matrix ................................................................ 26 3.4 Conclusion .....................................................................................................