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Total Maximum Daily Loads of Phosphorus for Selected Millers Basin Lakes

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Total Maximum Daily Loads of Phosphorus for Selected Millers Basin Lakes Total Maximum Daily Loads of Phosphorus for Selected Millers Basin Lakes COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS ELLEN ROY HERZFELDER, SECRETARY MASSACHUSETTS DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EDWARD P. KUNCE, ACTING COMMISSIONER BUREAU OF RESOURCE PROTECTION CYNTHIA GILES, ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER DIVISION OF WATERSHED MANAGEMENT GLENN HAAS, DIRECTOR NOTICE OF AVAILABILITY Limited copies of this report are available at no cost by written request to: Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Division of Watershed Management 627 Main Street Worcester, MA 01608 This report is also available from DEP’s home page on the World Wide Web at: http://www.magnet.state.ma.us/dep/brp/wm/wmpubs.htm A complete list of reports published since 1963 is updated annually and printed in July. This report, entitled, “Publications of the Massachusetts Division of Watershed Management – Watershed Planning Program, 1963- (current year)”, is also available by writing to the DWM in Worcester. DISCLAIMER References to trade names, commercial products, manufacturers, or distributors in this report constituted neither endorsement nor recommendations by the Division of Watershed Management for use. Front Cover Photograph of Parker Pond in Gardner. 2 Total Maximum Daily Loads of Phosphorus for Selected Millers Basin Lakes DEP, DWM TMDL FINAL Report MA35005-2002-1 CN123.2 May 8, 2003 Location of Millers Basins in Massachusetts. Key Feature: TMDL assessment Total Phosphorus for 28 lakes in the Millers Basin Watershed. Locations: Beaver Flowage Pond (MA35005), Royalston; Bents Pond (MA35007), Gardner; Bourn-Hadley Pond (MA35008), Templeton; Brazell Pond (MA35010), Templeton; Cowee Pond (MA35013), Gardner; Davenport Pond (MA35015), Petersham/Athol; Lake Denison (MA35017), Winchendon; Depot Pond (MA35018), Templeton; Lake Ellis (MA35023), Athol; Greenwood Pond (MA35025), Westminster; Greenwood Pond (MA35026), Templeton; Hilchey Pond (35029), Gardner; Lower Naukeag Lake (35041), Ashburnham; Minott Pond South (35045), Westminster; Minott Pond (35046), Westminster; Lake Monomonac (MA35047), Winchendon/Rindge, N.H.; Parker Pond (MA35056), Gardner; Ramsdall Pond (MA35062), Gardner; Reservoir No.1 (MA35063), Athol; Reservoir No. 2 (MA35064), Philipston/Athol; Riceville Pond (MA35065), Petersham/Athol; South Athol Pond (MA35078), Athol; Stoddard Pond (MA35083), Winchendon; Wallace Pond (MA35092), Ashburnham; Ward Pond (MA35093), Athol; Whites Mill Pond (MA35099), Winchendon; Whitney Pond (MA35101), Winchendon; and Wrights Reservoir (MA35104), Gardner/Westminster; Massachusetts. Pollutants: Twenty-Eight total phosphorus TMDLs (32 total TMDL stressors) Data Sources: Synoptic lake surveys, Land use information. Data Mechanisms: NPSLAKE model, Reckhow model, Best Professional Judgment Monitoring Plan: Massachusetts Watershed Initiative Five-Year Cycle. Control Measures: Watershed Management, Septic system maintenance, Macrophyte Management. 3 Executive Summary The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) is responsible for monitoring the waters of the Commonwealth, identifying those waters that are impaired, and developing a plan to bring them back into compliance with the Massachusetts Surface Water Quality Standards. The list of impaired waters, better known as the “303d list” and more recently “Category 5” of the Integrated List, identifies river, lake, and coastal waters and the reason for impairment. Once a water body is identified as impaired, DEP is required by the Federal Clean Water Act to essentially develop a “pollution budget” designed to restore the health of the impaired body of water. The process of developing this budget, generally referred to as a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL), includes identifying the source(s) of the pollutant from direct discharges (point sources) and indirect discharges (non-point sources), determining the maximum amount of the pollutant that can be discharged to a specific water body to meet water quality standards, and developing a plan to meet that goal. This report represents a TMDL for a group of lakes (see table below) in the Millers River Watershed. The lakes are listed on the state 1998 “303d” list for a variety of pollutants and stressors including low dissolved oxygen, turbidity, nutrients, and an over-abundance of nuisance aquatic plants. All of the pollutants and stressors are indicators of nutrient enriched systems, better known as the process of eutrophication. In freshwater systems the primary nutrient known to accelerate eutrophication is phosphorus. Therefore, in order to prevent further degradation in water quality and to ensure that each lake meets state water quality standards, the TMDL establishes a phosphorus limit for each lake and outlines corrective actions to achieve that goal. In some cases, while the existing concentrations of phosphorus in the lake may be low enough already to achieve water quality standards, other actions (such as in-lake management activities) are necessary to eliminate noxious aquatic plants and to ensure that the condition does not get worse. In these cases a protective phosphorus load was established. Even when a water body is not listed for nutrients, because of the inter-relationship of the cause and effects of the pollutants and response variables, it is a prudent policy to be conservative when determining loading allocations and planning management strategies. When available, in-lake data used for this analysis were collected by DEP and combined with a landuse based phosphorus export model called NPSLAKE developed by Dr. Mark Mattson and Dr. Russell Isaac of DEP (1999). The following table lists the lakes that were evaluated, their predicted total phosphorus concentrations and loads using the landuse model, the selected target phosphorus concentration and loads necessary to achieve surface water quality standards. 4 TMDL Total Phosphorus Targets WBID Lake Name NPSLAKE NPSLAKE Selected Target TP Selected Target Predicted TP Predicted Load (ppb) Load (kg/ha/yr) (ppb) (kg/ha/yr) MA35005 Beaver Flowage 12.5 56. 12.5 56. Pond MA35007 Bents Pond 33.3 501. 15 227 MA35008 Bourn-Hadley Pond 31.1 168. 15 81 MA35010 Brazell Pond 42.1 117. 15 41 MA35013 Cowee Pond 12.7 39 12.7 39 MA35015 Davenport Pond 12.7 59 12.7 59 MA35017 Lake Denison 20.1 210. 15 157 MA35018 Depot Pond 32.2 43. 15 20 MA35023 Ellis Pond 17.5 195. 15 167 MA35025 Greenwood Pond 1 13.9 25 13.9 25 MA35026 Greenwood Pond 2 35.5 140 15 58 MA35029 Hilchey Pond 27.4 174 19 122 MA35041 Lower Naukeag 14.5 507 14.5 507 Lake MA35045 Minott Pond South 11.0 32 11.0 32 MA35046 Minott Pond 16.6 44 15 40 MA35047 Lake Monomonac 13.3 887 13.3 887 MA35056 Parker Pond 30.0 432. 15 216 MA35062 Ramsdall Pond 32.4 561 15 269 MA35063 Reservoir No. 1 21.1 71. 15 50 MA35064 Reservoir No. 2 5.1 16. 5.1 16. (Secret Lake) MA35065 Riceville Pond 15.1 206 15 204 MA35078 South Athol Pond 17.5 386 15 330 MA35083 Stoddard Pond 21.1 179 15 127 Ma35092 Wallace Pond 13.7 129 13.7 129 MA35093 Ward Pond 15.4 19. 15 19 MA35099 Whites Mill Pond 19.8 776 15 589 MA35101 Whitney Pond 18.5 1918 15 1552 MA35104 Wrights Reservoir 13.5 157 13.5 157 5 Recommended Implementation by Lake e g y g t Recommended y y or t t p o hts Implement- p g Ellis Ward Bents Mino De Parker Cowee Brazell Hilche Wri Wallace Denison Denison ation Whitne Riceville Stoddard Stoddard Ramsdall Daven Whites Mill South Athol Athol South Monomonac Greenwood1 Greenwood2 Minott South South Minott Bourn-Hadle Reservoir No.1 Reservoir No.2 Reservoir Lower Naukea Beaver Flowa Public X X X X X X X X X X XXXXXXXXXXX X X X XXXX Education Watershed X X X X X X X XXXXXXXXXXXXXX X X X XXXX Survey Lake * * * * X * X * X * * * X * * X X * * X * X X * * * X X Management Plan Forest BMPs X X X X X X X X X X X XX X Agriculture X X X X X X X X X X X BMPs Residential X X X X XXXXXXXXXXXXX X X XXXX BMPs Septic System X X X X X X X X X X XX Inspection & Maintenance Urban X X X XXXXX XXXX XX stormwater BMPs Highway X X X X X X X X X X BMPs In-Lake X XX X Management Other (Gravel X X X X X pits, athletic fields, see text) *May need only town-wide NPS management plan focused on protection of these surface waters. In most cases, authority to regulate nonpoint source pollution and thus successful implementation of this TMDL is limited to local government entities and will require cooperative support from local volunteers, lake and watershed associations, and local officials in municipal government. Those activities can take the form of expanded education, obtaining and/or providing funding, and possibly local enforcement. Funding support to aid in implementation of this TMDL is available on a competitive basis under various state programs including the Section 319 Grant Program, the State Revolving Fund Program (SRF), and the Department of Environmental Management’s Lakes and Pond Small Grants Program. 6 Table of Contents Executive Summary 4 Introduction 13 General Background and Rationale 13 Waterbody Descriptions and Problem Assessment 17 Beaver Pond 20 Bents Pond 21 Bourn-Hadley Pond 24 Brazell Pond 25 Cowee (Mamjohn) Pond 26 Davenport Pond 27 Lake Denison 30 Depot Pond 33 Ellis Pond (Lake Ellis) 34 Greenwood Pond (#1) 38 Greenwood Pond (#2) 39 Hilchey Pond 40 Lower Naukeag Lake 41 Minott Pond South 43 Minott Pond 44 Lake Monomonac 45 Parker Pond 48 Ramsdall Pond 51 Reservoir No. 1 52 Reservoir No. 2 52 Riceville Pond 53 South Athol Pond 54 Stoddard Pond 55 Wallace Pond 59 Ward Pond 60 Whites Mill Pond 62 Whitney Pond 63 Wrights Reservoir 67 Pollutant Sources and Background: 70 Water Quality Standards Violations: 71 7 TMDL Analysis 73 Loading Capacity 74 Wasteload Allocations, Load Allocations and Margin of Safety: 74 Implementation 85 Reasonable Assurances 90 Water Quality Standards Attainment Statement 90 Monitoring 90 Public Participation 90 Public Comment and Reply 91 References 92 Appendix I Baseline Lakes Data 95 Appendix II Macrophyte Codes 96 Appendix III Carlson Trophic State Index (TSI).
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