41 Wilmington Square
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WE MAKE 41 Wilmington Square Design, Access and Heritage Statement September 2016 Lipton Plant Architects DESIGN , ACCESS AND HERITAGE STATEMENT September 2016 REF: 445_WIL_014_Design, Access and Heritage Statement Planning application and Listed Building Consent for: This document has been produced by: 41 Wilmington Square Lipton Plant Architects London WC1X 0ET Seatem House 39 Moreland Street London EC1V 8BB Change of use to convert and amalgamate 4 existing flats back into a single dwelling house. T +44 (0) 20 7288 1333 Reinstate original plan form, traditional windows and original E [email protected] features. W www.lparchitects.co.uk Demolish non-original 3 storey closet wing extension conservatory and outbuilding and replace with new rear To be read in conjunction with Planning Application and extension, full width at lower ground floor level and half Listed Building Consent Application drawings by Lipton Plant Architects width at ground floor level. as well as Structural Report by Conisbee Excavate garden level back down to original level. CONTENT 1. INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT 2. LOCAL HISTORY 3. HERITAGE 4. AMOUNT OF DEVELOPMENT 5. CONCEPT AND DESIGN 6. APPEARANCE AND MATERIALS 7. HERITAGE RESPONSE 8. POLICY 9. SUSTAINABILITY 10. ACCESS 11. CONCLUSION 1. INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT The development site lies within the New River Conservation Area in the London Borough of Islington. The property is a late Georgian five storey Grade II listed terrace house on the West side of Wilmington Square built circa 1830. The square was built between 1819 and 1831 with the West side being the last terrace to be completed. Wilmington Square is accessed from Rosebury Avenue on the South through Yardley Street or Tysoe Street; from Yardley street or Wilmington Street at the north; from Attneave Street at the West; and from Merlin Street at the East. The property is accessed from Yardley Street through a raised entrance level. The site is in a residential pocket of Clerkenwell in Islington framed by Rosebury Avenue and Farringdon Road, in close proximity to the popular Exmouth Market and Sadler’s Wells theatre. It is walking distance from Kings Cross St Pancras, Angel and Farringdon Stations. The building fronts Wilmington Square gardens, Easton Street’s industrial buildings and the Easton pub to the rear. 41 Wilmington Square Front elevation view 41 Wilmington Square rear elevation view 2. LOCAL HISTORY Wilmington Square was created from the Earls of Northampton’s Spa Fields Estate, which in 1817 the 9th Earl assigned to his heir Lord Compton. The subsequent building in Wilmington Square was one of London’s 1st post-Waterloo developments. Progress was piecemeal: the south terrace was the 1st and grandest; nos. 40-47 in the west terrace were completed in 1831. For financial reasons the square was reduced in depth and thus became a backwater on the fringes of estates. Wilmington Square was built by John Wilson, owner of 100 year lease with his own architect in the Clerckenwell district of small workshops and trade. From medieval times Clerkenwell attracted edge-of-City Spa Fields in the 1790s Clerkenwell’s map 1805 trades like jewelery, lock-making, printing, bookbinding, and the making and repair of clocks and watches as it has become known for to this day. N Parish of Clerkenwell 1820s Clerkenwell’s illustration in the 1880s 1827 1865 1871-1873 Although professionals formed a large proportion of the occupants of the square (solicitors, architects, physicians, priests...), merchants and trades became increasingly represented in the social make- up of Wilmington Square (watchmakers, jewelers, flower makers, lithographers…). In the later decades of the nineteenth century watchmaking, jewellery and related trades were present in around a third of the houses in the square. Finally an artistic element driven by Sadler Well’s Theatre‘s presence was also represented in the resident make up of the square. Wilmington Square Maps The local trade industry residents who might have run businesses from their houses built workshops in their gardens. By 1880 a third of houses had built workshops with some of these rear workshops still present. For example, In 1853 Robert Barnby, mathematical- instrument maker, built a workshop at the back of the garden of No. 35. Barnett Weigel, who was Austrian, or George Evans, both jewellers, built a workshop behind No. 27 in the late 1870s or 1880s. These rear garden workshops were a common feature in the area, also present for example in the gardens of the houses in Northampton Square, Bowling Green Lanes, Lock’s Gardens and Howards Place as illustrated in these images. 1876 newspaper illustration depicting a garden workshop in Clerkenwell, Number 6 Northampton Square 1871- 1873 1921 1871-1873 Wilmington Square Maps depicting garden structures, believed to be garden workshops Print depicting a Clerkenwell clockmaker’s workshop Northampton Road Scheme. Photograph depicting rear garden structures in Clerckenwell Clerkenwell workshop buildings 3. HERITAGE The property Listing, groups the terraces between numbers 40 to 47 as follows: This building is listed under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 as amended for its special architectural or historic interest. Name: NUMBERS 40 TO 47 (CONSECUTIVE) AND ATTACHED RAILINGS List entry Number: 1292455 Yellow stock brick laid in Flemish bond with banded and rusticated stucco ground-floor and stucco dressings; roofs obscured by parapet, brick party-wall stacks. Side-hall entrance plan with staircase. Four storeys with basement; 2 windows each plus one window to right- hand return wall in Attneave Street (no. 40). Symmetrical group with projecting end-houses. Steps rise to entrance (no. 40 with 1 storey entrance extension): round-arched doorway set in narrow stucco recess with fluted 1/4 column jambs except no. 40 (reeded jambs with stops) carrying corniced-head, fanlight (nos. 40, 42, 43, 47 patterned), and original panelled door (nos. 42 & 47 C20). Ground-floor round- arched sashes with 6/6 curved and radial glazing bars. Gauged-brick flat arches to upper storeys except 1st floor sashes to right-end house which are gauged-brick round arches. 1st floor stucco sill band (removed from no. 40) beneath full-length 6/6 sashes with individual (except nos. 44, 45 & 47 coupled and supported by iron brackets) cast-iron balconies. Stucco storey bands to 2nd (6/6 sashes) and 3rd (3/3 sashes) floors; 3rd floor also has projecting stucco cornice and sill band except no. 47 which has been cut-back and rendered in concrete. Altered stucco cornice and blocking course, except no. 47 which has been cut-back, heightened and rendered in concrete. Attached cast- iron railings with urn finials. 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