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The Design and Validation of Engine Intake Manifold Using Physical
International Journal of Automobile Engineering Research and Development (IJAuERD) ISSN (P): 2277–4785; ISSN (E): 2278–9413 Vol. 9, Issue 2, Dec 2019, 1–10 © TJPRC Pvt. Ltd. THE DESIGN AND VALIDATION OF ENGINE INTAKE MANIFOLD USING PHYSICAL EXPERIMENT AND CFD GURU DEEP SINGH, KESHAV KAUSHIK & PRADEEP KUMAR JAIN Department of Mechanical Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, New Delhi, India, ABSTRACT Race-car engineers aim to design an intake manifold which can maintain both low-end and top-end power without compromising the responsiveness of the engine throughout the power band. A major obstacle in achieving this goal is the rule requirement by FSAE for the mandatory presence of air intake restrictor which limits top-end power. In this paper, the selection criteria for design parameters such as runner length, plenum volume and intake geometry have been discussed. The effect of runner length and plenum volume on throttle response and manifold pressure has been studied through a physical exp. on a prototype variable geometry intake manifold. CFD simulations have been performed on ANSYS CFX to optimize the geometry for venturi and plenum. The geometry for which there was minimum pressure loss and maximum mass flow rate was chosen in the final design. The adopted approach was Original Article Article Original validated by conducting the same exp. on the designed intake manifold. KEYWORDS: Air Intake Manifold, CFD, FSAE, Engine, Converging- Diverging Nozzle & Variable Length Intake Manifold Received: Jun 13, 2019; Accepted: Jul 04, 2019; Published: Jul 22, 2019; Paper Id.: IJAuERDDEC20191 1. INTRODUCTION FSAE is the largest engineering design competition in the world which gives students an opportunity to design and manufacture a race pertaining to a series of rules whose purpose is both to ensure on-site event operations and promote clever problem solving. -
Installation Instructions
Part number SP1898 2003-06 Mitsubishi Evo VIII, MR,IX 2.0L 4 cyl. A. 2 3/4” Throttle body piping step down to 2 1/2” 1- Dyno-proven aluminum cast intake B. 2 1/2” Secondary piping to intercooler outlet 1- Three piece intercooler pipes C. 2” Turbo outlet step up to 2 1/2” “A” (T/B), “B” (intercooler) “C” (turbo) Congratulations! You have just purchased the best engineered, 1- 4 1/2” Injen filter (#1018) dyno-proven air intake system with intercooler piping available. 1- 1890 composite filter flange (#14031) Please check the contents of this box immediately. 1- 90 deg. silicone T/B elbow (#3139) Report any defective or missing parts to the Authorized Injen 1- 2 1/2” x 3” x 1 7/8” long (#3110) Technology dealer you purchased this product from. Turbo inlet step hose Before installing any parts of this system, please read the instructions 1- 2 1/2” straight hose A to B coupler(#3048) thoroughly. If you have any questions regarding installation please 2 1/2” long contact the dealer you purchased this product from. 1- 3 1/4” ID intake to sensor housing hose (#3045) Installation DOES require some mechanical skills. A qualified 1- 1 3/4” ID x 2 1/2” long hose (#3071) mechanic is always recommended. Turbo side hose *Do not attempt to install the intake system while the engine is hot. 2- 1 1/4” x 2” long BOV hose (#3100) The installation may require removal of radiator fluid line that may be hot. -
MGB Alternator Conversion Installation Instructions for MGA & 1962 to 1967 MGB PART# 130-078, 130-088, 130-098 440 Rutherford St
MGB Alternator Conversion Installation Instructions For MGA & 1962 to 1967 MGB PART# 130-078, 130-088, 130-098 440 Rutherford St. Goleta, CA 93117 1-800-642-8295 • FAX 805-692-2525 • www.MossMotors.com Scan the code to watch Moss's Generator to Alternator Conversion Video Or search “Moss TV generator to alternator conversion” on YouTube. Tools required: Vehicle Preparation: Positive Ground to Negative Ground Conversion • Small and medium flat blade screwdriver 1. Remove the battery cover behind the seats using a • Phillips head screwdriver screwdriver to release the dzus fasteners. Disconnect and remove the battery, or both batteries if still • 11/32" wrench, 7/16" wrench, 1/2" wrench, configured for a dual 6 volt set up, using a 1/2" 5/8" wrench wrench. • 7/16" socket with extension, 1/2" socket, 5/8" socket, 22mm socket 2. Disconnect the Yellow/Green and Yellow wires from the generator. If the generator uses ring type • Center punch connectors use a 5/16" and 7/16" wrench. • Hammer 3. For the installation of the Lucas alternator the ignition • 1/4" drill bit, electric drill coil will have to be relocated to the engine bay side • Deadblow hammer of the right fender well. Remove the coil from the generator using a 7/16" socket. Locate a new place • Air impact gun for the coil and mark the hole locations. Using a • Pry bar center punch and hammer, make two dimples at the center of the marks to insure that the drill bit will not • Wire cutters walk around when the holes are being started. -
Leburg Electronic Ignition System EI10A Installation Manual
Leburg Electronic Ignition System EI10A Installation Manual For Aero VW’s - Or Any 2 Or 4 Cylinder 4 Stroke Engine Skycraft Ltd Telephone: 01406 540777 Riverside House Bloodfold Farm Website: www.skycraft.ltd Ravens Bank Saturday Bridge Email: [email protected] Holbeach Lincolnshire Facebook: @skycraftlimited PE12 8SR © Skycraft Ltd 2013 Leburg EI10A Manual—July 2020 Page 1 Contents 1. Read This First 2. The VW As An Aero Engine 3. Ignition System Performance 4. Principles Of Operation 5. Set Up 6. Power Supplies 7. Fitting A Honda CBR 600 Alternator 8. Manufacture & Assembly Notes 9. Wiring Notes 10. Wiring Up The Spark Plugs 11. Drawings © Skycraft Ltd 2013 Leburg EI10A Manual—July 2020 Page 2 1. Read This First By virtue of the techniques, design, components used and the care taken in building and testing, each ignition controller is believed to be highly reliable. The risk of failure is thus low, but it is finite. Therefore, this system is only made available on the basis that the user agrees to implement a Dual Ignition System. The Leburg system is the dual system, with the power supply system described in this manual. If any change from this is intended, you will need to check with the LAA that they will accept it. If a different alternator or power system is used, again, you will need to check with the LAA that they will accept it. The benefits of smooth running and getting the maximum power are obtained when the system is installed as described in this manual, with dual controllers, dual ignition spark plugs, both firing at the same time at the optimum advance angle. -
Before Endine Start
C-A152 CESSNA – NORMAL PROCEDURES BEFORE ENGINE START THROUGH ENGINE SHUTDOWN – CHECKLIST WILL BE VERBALIZED BEFORE ENGINE START WINDOWS ..................................................................................................................... SECURE CABIN DOORS ............................................................................................................. CLOSED TACH TIME ................................................................................... CHECK TIME REMAINING HOBBS TIME ................................................................................................................ RECORD BEFORE TAKE-OFF BRAKES ....................................................................................... APPLY TOE BRAKES ONLY TYPE OF TAKEOFF .............................................................................................. DETERMINE PASSENGER BRIEF ................................................................................................ COMPLETE FLAPS .................................................................................................................. AS REQUIRED SEATBELTS AND HARNESSES .........................................................FASTEN AND SECURE AIRSPEEDS: ROTATION, CLIMB OUT, CABIN DOOR ......................................................................................... CLOSE AND SECURE AND BEST GLIDE ................................................................... CALCULATE (GUST SPREAD) PRE-TAKEOFF BRIEFING ..................................................................................... -
Matching of Internal Combustion Engine
CRANFIELD UNIVERSITY BAPTISTE BONNET MATCHING OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE CHARACTERISTICS FOR CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE TRANSMISSIONS SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING PHD THESIS CRANFIELD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, AUTOMOTIVE DEPARTMENT PHD THESIS BAPTISTE BONNET MATCHING OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE CHARACTERISTICS FOR CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE TRANSMISSIONS SUPERVISOR: PROF. NICHOLAS VAUGHAN 2007 This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor in Philosophy. © Cranfield University, 2007. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without the written permission of the copyright holder . PhD Thesis Abstract ABSTRACT This work proposes to match the engine characteristics to the requirements of the Continuously Variable Transmission [CVT] powertrain. The normal process is to pair the transmission to the engine and modify its calibration without considering the full potential to modify the engine. On the one hand continuously variable transmissions offer the possibility to operate the engine closer to its best efficiency. They benefit from the high versatility of the effective speed ratio between the wheel and the engine to match a driver requested power. On the other hand, this concept demands slightly different qualities from the gasoline or diesel engine. For instance, a torque margin is necessary in most cases to allow for engine speed controllability and transients often involve speed and torque together. The necessity for an appropriate engine matching approach to the CVT powertrain is justified in this thesis and supported by a survey of the current engineering trends with particular emphasis on CVT prospects. The trends towards a more integrated powertrain control system are highlighted, as well as the requirements on the engine behaviour itself. -
403D-11 Industrial Open Power Unit
403D-11 Industrial Open Power Unit 13.7-21 kW (18.4-28.2 hp) @ 2800-3000 rpm EU Stage IIIA/U.S. EPA Tier 4 Interim equivalent The Perkins 400 Series is an extensive family of engines in the 0.5-2.2 litre range. The 3 cylinder 403-11 model is one of Perkins smallest engines, combining performance, low operating costs and an ultra-compact package. From a packaging point of view, the 403-11 is the ideal engine for small industrial applications. Its simple, robust mechanical fuel system makes it easy to install and maintain. A powerful but quiet 1.1 litre engine complete with radiator cooled unit. Designed to meet EU Stage IIIA/U.S. EPA Tier 4 Interim equivalent emission standards. Specifications Power Rating Minimum power 15.1 kW 20.2 hp Maximum power 18.1 kW 24.3 hp Rated speed 2800-3000 rpm Maximum torque 64.6 Nm @ 2100 rpm 47.6 lb-ft @ 2100 rpm Emission Standards Emissions U.S. EPA Tier 4 Interim equivalent. Less than 19 kW, EU certification not required. General Number of cylinders 3 inline Bore 77 mm 3 in Stroke 81 mm 3.2 in Displacement 1.1 litres 69 cubic in Aspiration Naturally aspirated Cycle 4 stroke Compression ratio 22.7:1 Combustion system Indirect injection Rotation (from flywheel end) Anti-clockwise www.perkins.com Photographs are for illustrative purposes only and may not reflect final specification. All information is substantially correct at time of printing and may be altered subsequently. Final weights and dimensions will depend on completed specification. -
Variable Length Intake Manifold Operation & Maintenance
Variable Length Intake Manifold Operation & Maintenance For most of automotive history, the intake manifold was just an inactive lump of iron or aluminum. Not anymore. 28 Mercedes-Benz StarTuned The history of the air intake manifold had These offered an advantage beyond light weight been largely uneventful. For many decades, the in that they have better thermal properties. design remained pretty much the same with They can run much cooler than aluminum, sparse innovation. It was simply plumbing improving air charge density, which can be that made the air/fuel charge available to blended with additional fuel to produce more the combustion chambers willy-nilly with power. In addition, plastics can be molded into little thought devoted to how far each intake more complex shapes than the sand casting of valve was from the typical centrally-located aluminum allows. This gives greater flexibility carburetor. The simplest way to understand this during the engineering process. function is to think of the internal combustion engine as what it is: an air pump. Magnesium alloy is another innovation that is becoming popular in certain applications. As an engine piston moves down on the Magnesium parts have been around for maybe intake stroke, a vacuum occurs the strength a century, but recent advances in high-pressure of which depends on atmospheric pressure casting have made it a favorable material. The at that time and location. In a carbureted or advantages of magnesium are its light weight throttle-body injected engine, this atmospheric along with strength and rigidity. Good thermal pressure forces the air/fuel mixture through and acoustic properties are added benefits. -
Starters & Alternators
Starters & Alternators Technical Manual www.denso-am.eu n UK & IE n RU n DACH n Eastern Europe n Export n Iberia, France, Italy DENSO Europe B.V. After Market and Industrial Solutions Business Unit Sales Representation European Headquarters Albania Hungary Portugal Weesp, Netherlands Austria Ireland Romania Belarus Israel Russia (Moscow) Belgium Italy Russia (Novosibirsk) Distribution warehouses Bosnia and Herzegovina Kaliningrad Slovakia Bulgaria Kazakhstan Slovenia Gennevilliers, France Cyprus Latvia Spain Leipzig, Germany Czech Republic Lithuania Sweden Madrid, Spain Denmark Luxembourg Switzerland Milton Keynes, UK Estonia Macedonia Turkey Moscow, Russia Finland Moldova United Kingdom Polrino, Italy France Montenegro Ukraine Weesp, Netherlands Georgia Netherlands Germany Norway Greece Poland DENSO Starters & Alternators Table of Content DENSO in Europe > The Aftermarket Originals 04 Introduction > About This Publication 04 > Product Range 05 PART 1 – DENSO Starters PART 2 – DENSO Alternators Characteristics Characteristics > System outline 08 > System outline 42 > How Starters work 09 > How Alternators work 43 Types Types > Pinion Shift Type 11 > Conventional Type 45 > Reduction Type 14 > Type III 46 > Planetary Type 17 > SC Type 47 Wall Chart 21 Wall Chart 53 Stop & Start Technology 22 Replacement Guide 54 Replacement Guide 28 Troubleshooting > Diagnostic Chart 55 Troubleshooting > Inspection 56 > Diagnostic Chart 29 > Q&A 58 > Inspection 30 > Q&A 37 Edition: 1, date of publication: August 2016 All rights reserved by DENSO EUROPE B.V. This document may not be reproduced or copied, in Edition: 2, date of publication: October 2016 whole or in part, without the written permission of the publisher. DENSO EUROPE B.V. reserves Editorial dept, staff: DNEU AMIS Technical Service, K. -
Y ...Signature Redacted
Modeling Brake Specific Fuel Consumption to Support Exploration of Doubly Fed Electric Machines in Naval Engineering Applications by Michael R. Rowles, Jr. B.E., Electrical Engineering, Naval Architecture, State University of New York, Maritime College, 2006 Submitted to the Department of Mechanical Engineering in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degrees of Naval Engineer and Master of Science in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY June 2016. 2016 Michael R. Rowles, Jr. All rights reserved. The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter c: A uth or ........................................... Signature redacted Department of Mechanical Engineering A may 22,k 2016 C ertified by ............................ Signature redacted .... Weston L. Gray, CDR, USN Associate Professor of the Practice, Naval Construction and Engineering redacted ..Thesis Reader Certified by .......... Signature Ll James L. Kirtley Professor of Electrical Engineering redacted Isis Supervisor Accepted by ............ SSignatu gnatu re ...................... Rohan Abeyaratne MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE Chairman, Committee on Graduate Students OF TECHNOLOGY Quentin Berg Professor of Mechanics Department of Mechanical Engineering JUN 02 2016 LIBRARIES ARCHIVES Modeling Brake Specific Fuel Consumption to Support Exploration of Doubly Fed Electric Machines in Naval Engineering Applications by Michael R. Rowles, Jr. Submitted to the Department of Mechanical Engineering on May 12, 2016 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Degrees of Naval Engineer and Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering Abstract The dynamic operational nature of naval power and propulsion requires Ship Design and Program Managers to design and select prime movers using a much more complex speed profile rather than typical of commercial vessels. -
ROBINSON MODEL R44 II ROBINSON MODEL R44 II SECTION 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES FAA APPROVED: 11 MAY 2020 3-I SECTION 3 EMERGENCY PR
ROBINSON SECTION 3 MODEL R44 II EMERGENCY PROCEDURES SECTION 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES CONTENTS Page Definitions . 3-1 Power Failure – General . 3-1 Power Failure Above 500 Feet AGL . 3-2 Power Failure Between 8 Feet and 500 Feet AGL . 3-2 Power Failure Below 8 Feet AGL . 3-3 Maximum Glide Distance Configuration . 3-3 Minimum Rate of Descent Configuration . 3-3 Air Restart Procedure . 3-3 Emergency Water Landing – Power Off . 3-4 Emergency Water Landing – Power On . 3-4 Loss of Tail Rotor Thrust in Forward Flight . 3-5 Loss of Tail Rotor Thrust in Hover . 3-5 Headset Audio Failure . 3-5 Engine Fire During Start on Ground . 3-6 Engine Fire in Flight . 3-6 Electrical Fire in Flight . 3-6 Tachometer Failure . 3-7 Hydraulic System Failure . 3-7 Governor Failure . 3-7 Warning/Caution Lights . 3-8 Audio Alerts . 3-11 FAA APPROVED: 11 MAY 2020 3-i INTENTIONALLY BLANK ROBINSON SECTION 3 MODEL R44 II EMERGENCY PROCEDURES SECTION 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES DEFINITIONS Land Immediately – Land on the nearest clear area where a safe normal landing can be performed. Be prepared to enter autorotation during approach, if required. Land as soon as practical – Landing site is at pilot’s discretion based on nature of problem and available landing areas. Flight beyond nearest airport is not recommended. POWER FAILURE – GENERAL A power failure may be caused by either an engine or drive system failure and will usually be indicated by the low RPM horn. An engine failure may be indicated by a change in noise level, nose left yaw, an oil pressure light, or decreasing engine RPM. -
Jennings: Two-Stroke Tuner's Handbook
Two-Stroke TUNER’S HANDBOOK By Gordon Jennings Illustrations by the author Copyright © 1973 by Gordon Jennings Compiled for reprint © 2007 by Ken i PREFACE Many years have passed since Gordon Jennings first published this manual. Its 2007 and although there have been huge technological changes the basics are still the basics. There is a huge interest in vintage snowmobiles and their “simple” two stroke power plants of yesteryear. There is a wealth of knowledge contained in this manual. Let’s journey back to 1973 and read the book that was the two stroke bible of that era. Decades have passed since I hung around with John and Jim. John and I worked for the same corporation and I found a 500 triple Kawasaki for him at a reasonable price. He converted it into a drag bike, modified the engine completely and added mikuni carbs and tuned pipes. John borrowed Jim’s copy of the ‘Two Stoke Tuner’s Handbook” and used it and tips from “Fast by Gast” to create one fast bike. John kept his 500 until he retired and moved to the coast in 2005. The whereabouts of Wild Jim, his 750 Kawasaki drag bike and the only copy of ‘Two Stoke Tuner’s Handbook” that I have ever seen is a complete mystery. I recently acquired a 1980 Polaris TXL and am digging into the inner workings of the engine. I wanted a copy of this manual but wasn’t willing to wait for a copy to show up on EBay. Happily, a search of the internet finally hit on a Word version of the manual.