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CONTENTS

Page

Foreword by the Secretary General of OPEC

Introduction to the OPEC Seminar 1981

Programme of the Seminar

PARTI ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT: OPTIONS FOR GLOEAL STRATEGIES Keynote Speeches

OPEC's Role in the North-South Dialogue 8 HE Sheikh Ahmed Zaki Yamani, Minister of Petroleum & Mineral Resources, Saudi Arabia

The Role of Oil in World Politics 14 HE Dr Bruno Kreisky, Federal Chancellor of the Republic of Austria

The Sacrifice of Capital Accumulation 19 Dr Raul Prebisch, Former Secretary General, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)

OPEC and the Current Oil Situation 24 HE Tayeh Abdul-Karim, Minister of Oil, Iraq

PART II OPEC'S HYDROCARBON-PRICING POLICY OPTIONS

Introduction 32 HE Sheikh Ali Khalifa Al-Sabah, Minister of Oil, Kuwait

OPEC's Hydrocarbon-Pricing Policy Options 33 Dr Fadhil J. Al-Chalabi, Deputy Secretary General of OPEC

Discussant: Dr Youcef Yousfi, Deputy Director General, 49 SONATRACH, Algeria

Buying a Barrel of Oil 54 HE Shigeaki Ueki, President, Petrobras, Brazil

UNIVERSITATSBIBLIOTHEK HANNOVER TECHNISCHE INFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK The Case for an OPEC Production Policy 59 HE Abdussalam Mohammed Zagaar, Secretary of Oil, Socialist Peoples Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

Global Strategies for Development: A Mexican View 65 HE Jose Andres Oteyza, Secretary for National Resources and Industrial Development, Mexico

Alternatives no Threat to Future Price of Oil and Gas 70 HE Vidkunn Hveding, Minister of Petroleum & Energy, Norway

Producer-Consumer Interdependence "A Fundamental Factor" 74 HE Senator Enrico Novellini, Secretary of State, Italy

PART III POTENTIAL FOR ENERGY SELF-RELIANCE IN OIL-IMPORTING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Introduction 79 HE Belkacem Nabi, Minister of Energy & Petrochemical Industries, Algeria

"Potential for Energy Self-reliance in Oil-importing Developing Countries" 82 Alberto Quiros, President, MARAVEN S.A., Venezuela

Discussant: Misbah Oreibi, Representative of the Socialist 88 Peoples Libyan Arab Jamahiriya to UNCTAD

Argentina's Energy Programme 91 HE Eng. Guillermo A. Wallbrecher, Deputy Minister for Oil, Gas and Coal, Argentina

Energy Potential in Non-OPEC Developing Countries 96 HE Guy Mouvagha Tchioba, Vice Prime Minister, Minister of Mines & Petroleum, Gabon

Moving Towards Energy Self-reliance 98 HE A.B.A. Ghani Khan Chaudhuri, Minister of Energy, India

Leaving no Stone Unturned 104 HE John H. Okwanyo, E.G.H., M.P., Minister for Energy Republic of Kenya Energy Management in Thailand 109 HE Major General Chatichai Choonhavan, Minister of Industry, Thailand

PART IV THE FUNDAMENTAL ENERGY ISSUES IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD

Introduction 117 HE Tayeh Abdul-Karim, Minister of Oil, Iraq

The Fundamental Energy Issues in the Developing World 118 HE Dr Abdul Amir Al-Anbari, President, Iraqi Fund for External Development

Discussant: Michael A. Olorunfemi, Deputy Manager, Economic 130 Research and Intelligence Department, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Nigeria

OPEC Determined to Escape from "Development Cul-de-sac" 133 Dr Marc S. Nan Nguema, Secretary General of OPEC

Trade, Aid, Technology and Disarmament 139 HE Dr Ali A. Attiga, Secretary General, OAPEC

Preparing a Comprehensive Energy Programme 144 HE Geronimo Velasco, Minister of Energy, Philippines

The Need for South-South Co-operation 148 HE Kenneth K.S. Dadzie, Director General for Development and International Economic Co-operation, United Nations, New York

Opportunities for Technology Transfer 152 HE Dr Adolf Nussbaumer, Secretary of State, Austria

PARTV BASIC ISSUES OF ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT i, ! Introduction 157 HE Dr Subroto, Minister of Energy & Mines, Indonesia

Basic Issues of Energy and Development 159 Dr Nureddin Farrag, Arab Petroleum Investments Corporation (APIC) Dhahran, Saudi Arabia Discussant: Amir H. Sepahban, Adviser, International Affairs, National 166 Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), Islamic Republic of Iran

OPEC's Non-Conflicting Options for Development 197 HE Dr Ali Shams Ardekani, Ambassador of the Islamic Republic of Iran to Kuwait

A Strategy for Energy and Development 202 HE Ingemar Eliasson, Minister for Energy and Labour, Sweden

Global Dimensions of the Energy Problem 205 HE Dr Otto Graf Lambsdorff, Minister for Economics, Federal Republic of Germany

Energy Policy in Zaire 209 HE Matadiwamba Kamba Mutu, Commissaire d'Etat a l'Energie, Zaire

The E EC Contribution 213 HE Viscount Etienne Davignon, Vice President, Commission of the European Communities, Brussels, Belgium

The Agony of the Industrial Society 217 HE Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber, Former Minister, France

PART VI "TOWARDS A MORE EQUITABLE INTERDEPENDENCE"

Panel Discussion 223 Introduced by HE Sheikh Ahmed Zaki Yamani, General Chairman of the Seminar

North-South Dialogue: Less Rhetoric, More Substance 226 HE The Honourable Marc Lalonde, Minister of Energy, Mines and Resources, Canada

Recognizing Interdependence 229 HE Jacques Delors, Minister of Economy and Finance, France

An Equitable Partnership in Development 234 HE Ronnie de Mel, M.P., Minister of Finance and Planning, Sri Lanka

Financial Aid no Solution to Poverty 238 HE The Honourable Al Noor Kassum, Minister for Water and Energy, Tanzania Solidarity in Transition 244 HE Edmond Herve, Minister of Energy, France

No More Platitudes 246

HE Sheikh Ali Khalifa Al-Sabah, Minister of Oil, Kuwait

North "Not on Trial": General Chairman's Closing Remarks 249

PART VII HIGHLIGHTS OF OPEN DISCUSSION OPEC's Hydrocarbon Pricing Policy Options 252 November 24, Afternoon Session

Potential for Energy Self-reliance in Oil-importing Developing Countries 256 November 25, Morning Session

The Fundamental Energy Issues in the Developing World 261 November 25, Afternoon Session

Basic Issues of Energy and Development 265 November 26, Morning Session

Towards a More Equitable Interdependence 268 November 26, Afternoon Session

PART VIM SYNOPSIS OF THE SEMINAR 270 The OPEC Secretariat

List of Participants 286