Open Access, Scholarly Journals, and Regional Innovations
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Lomo 1,1 cm. Juan Pablo Alperin and Gustavo Fischman [editors] The Latin American Council of Social Sciences (CLACSO) is a non-governmental international institution created in 1967 on the initiative of UNESCO, institution with which it holds Associative status. At present, it brings together 394 research centers and over 650 post-graduate programs in Social Sciences and Humanities (master and doctorate studies) located in 25 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, United States and Europe. The Council aims at promoting and developing research and training in Social Sciences; as well as strengthening exchange and cooperation among organizations and researchers from in and outside the region. It further encourages active dissemination of the knowledge produced by social scientists among social movements, popular organizations and civil society entities. Through such activities CLACSO helps rethink the MADE IN issues related to Latin American and Caribbean societies, from a critical and pluralistic approach LATIN AMERICA MADE IN LATIN AMERICA open access, scholarly journals, and regional innovations Gustavo E. Fischman | Juan Pablo Alperin | Ana María Cetto | José Octavio Alonso-Gamboa | Abel L. Packer | Eduardo Aguado-López | Paola C. Bongiovani | Nancy D. Gómez | Keyla Mafalda de Oliveira Amorim | Filipe Degani-Carneiro | Nathalia da Silva Ávila | Glaucio José Marafon | Anabel Marin | Sergio Petralia | Lilia Stubrin ISBN 978-987-722-069-8 Alperín | Fischman 5 9 789877 220698 Formato 15,5 x 22,5cm. MADE IN LATIN AMERICA Made in Latin America : open access, scholarly journals, and regional innovations / Eduardo Aguado López ... [et.al.]; Editors: Juan Pablo Alperín and Gustavo Fischman - 1a ed. - Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires : CLACSO, 2015. E-Book. ISBN 978-987-722-069-8 1. Educación. 2. America Latina. I. Aguado López, Eduardo CDD 370.80 Other descriptors allocated by CLACSO: Open Access / Scientific Publications / Creative Thinking / Assessment Systems / State / Public Policy / Latin America MADE IN LATIN AMERICA OPEN ACCESS, SCHOLARLY JOURNALS, AND REGIONAL INNOVATIONS Juan Pablo Alperin and Gustavo Fischman (Editors) Gustavo E. Fischman Juan Pablo Alperin Ana María Cetto José Octavio Alonso-Gamboa Abel L. Packer Eduardo Aguado-López Paola C. Bongiovani Nancy D. Gómez Keyla Mafalda de Oliveira Amorim Filipe Degani-Carneiro Nathalia da Silva Ávila Glaucio José Marafon Anabel Marin Sergio Petralia Lilia Stubrin Executive Secretary Pablo Gentili Academic Director Fernanda Saforcada Open Acces and Dissemination Knowledge Chief Editor Lucas Sablich Art Director Marcelo Giardino Production Fluxus Estudio Cover art Ignacio Solveyra Proofreading Eugenia Cervio This work was done with the help of a grant from the International Centre for Development Research , Ottawa , Canada (IDRC). The views expressed here do not necessarily represent those of IDRC or its Board of Governors. Project name: Quality of Open Access Scholarly Communication in Latin America Project number: 106660-001 First edition Made in Latin America: open access, scholarly journals, and regional innovations (Buenos Aires: CLACSO, september 2015) ISBN 978-987-722-069-8 © Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales Queda hecho el depósito que establece la Ley 11.723. This book is under the following Creative Commons license This book is available in full text on the Web Virtual Library of CLACSO <www.biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar> CLACSO Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales - Conselho Latino-americano de Ciências Sociais (Latin American Council of Social Sciences) Estados Unidos 1168 | C1101AAX Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina Tel. [54 11] 4304 9145 | Fax [54 11] 4305 0875 | <[email protected]> | <www.clacso.org> Sponsored by the Swedish International Development Agency [logo SIDA] The responsibility for opinions expressed in books, articles, studies and other contributions rests solely with the signing authors, and publication does not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Secretariat of CLACSO. CONTENTS Acknowledgements 9 Foreword 11 Chapter 1 On Lights and Shadows. The Scientific Journals Made in Latin America Gustavo E. Fischman and Juan Pablo Alperin 13 Chapter 2 Regional Approach toScientific Communication. Open Access Journal Systems Ana María Cetto, José Octavio Alonso-Gamboa, Abel L. Packer and Eduardo López Aguado 19 Chapter 3 Knowledge and Opinions on Open Access in Argentina, Mexico and Brazil Paola C. Bongiovani and Nancy D. Gómez 41 Chapter 4 Evaluation Systems of Scientific Journals in Latin America Keyla Mafalda de Oliveira Amorim, Filipe Degani-Carneiro, Nathalia da Silva Ávila and Glaucio José Marafon 61 Chapter 5 Evaluating the Impact of Open Access Initiatives within Academia and Beyond Anabel Marin, Sergio Petralia and Lilia Stubrin 75 Chapter 6 Scientific Journals Made in Latin America Juan Pablo Alperin and Gustavo E. Fischman 103 About the Authors 113 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS THIS BOOK WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN POSSIBLE without the gen- erous financial support of IDRC, support and guidance of the program coordinator of Information and Networks IDRC, Fernando Perini and his support team in Montevideo and Ottawa. We also wish to express our debt of gratitude to director John Willinsky. Public Knowledge Project (PKP) and Dominique Babini, Pablo Gentili, and Lucas Sablich the Latin American Council of Social Sci- ences (CLACSO), for the confidence, patience and critical comments during this project. Our thanks to Amy Marcetti, Topper Terra Lucia and Ana Carla Lacerda for his work translating and editing this book in three languages for. We want to dedicate this book to Maura Patricia, Sandra Milo and all persons who collaborate with the Open Access movement, pro- duction and use of academic journals made in Latin America. 9 FOREWORD LATIN AMERICA IS THE MOST ADVANCED REGION in the world when it comes to adopting open access to their scientific and scholarly journals, which, for the most part, are available full text on the Web at no cost to either the reader or the author, significantly increasing the visibility and accessibility to scientific production in the region. This movement of open access to journals in the region was driven primar- ily by regional initiatives: SciELO; RedALyC; Latindex, the Portal of Portals (PPL); and, recently, journal collections in institutional open access digital repositories. These institutional repositories collabo- rate in national repository systems for science and technology that cooperate regionally under the Federated Network of Institutional Re- positories of Scientific Publications ‘La Referencia’ (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas), a movement endorsed by advances at domestic legislation level in favor of open ac- cess to scientific information through digital repositories. Latin America distinguishes itself from other regions of the world by considering the scientific information as a common good. All the above initiatives are publicly funded and managed by the same academic community that publishes scientific journals, unlike in Eu- rope and the United States, where much of the scientific communica- tion — mainly journals — has been outsourced and commercialized. 11 MADE IN LATIN AMERICA The book presented here provides the results of exploratory research and different perspectives on achievements, detected problems and challenges the region will be facing in the future, in relation to access, visibility, and scientific and social impact of research published in journals in Latin America, the evaluation of these journals by assess- ment systems and incentives for academic and scientific careers in the region. The coordinators of this initiative, Juan Pablo Alperin (PKP) and Gustavo Fischman (FLACSO), provide recommendations to ad- dress the paradoxes detected by the authors of the studies and essays, which are the result of the project Quality in Open Access Scholarly Communication in Latin America, coordinated by FLACSO-Brazil and a team of researchers from Latindex, Public Knowledge Project (PKP), RedALyC, and SciELO-Brazil, funded by the International De- velopment and Research Center (IDRC)-Canada. For CLACSO — an academic network of 380 research and teaching centers in 25 countries, with 15 years of experience in open access advancement and initiatives in Latin America and the Carib- bean, including the main digital repository of social sciences in the region — it is an honor to present this book, which provides new in- sights for reflection and discussion on academic and scientific com- munication in our region and contributes to the dialogue with other regions of the ‘Global South’. PABLO GENTILI DOMINIQUE BABINI Executive Secretary Open Access Program CLACSO CLACSO 12 Gustavo E. Fischman and Juan Pablo Alperin Chapter 1 ON LIGHTS AND SHADOWS THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS MADE IN LATIN AMERICA THE ACCESS, VISIBILITY AND THE SCIENTIFIC AND SOCIAL IM- PACTS of the research performed in Latin America are common top- ics of discussion at universities and research centers in the region. In these discussions, two highly polarized perspectives are often debated. One group highlights the current malaise due to what is missing — ap- propriate budgets, technical training, senior researchers, and other re- sources. The opposition emphasizes that, despite adverse conditions, Latin America is continuously producing more and better science be- cause a great number of the researchers are accomplished profession- als. Working mainly from public universities,