The Trade Union Movement in Belgium
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German Hegemony and the Socialist International's Place in Interwar
02_EHQ 31/1 articles 30/11/00 1:53 pm Page 101 William Lee Blackwood German Hegemony and the Socialist International’s Place in Interwar European Diplomacy When the guns fell silent on the western front in November 1918, socialism was about to become a governing force throughout Europe. Just six months later, a Czech socialist could marvel at the convocation of an international socialist conference on post- war reconstruction in a Swiss spa, where, across the lake, stood buildings occupied by now-exiled members of the deposed Habsburg ruling class. In May 1923, as Europe’s socialist parties met in Hamburg, Germany, finally to put an end to the war-induced fracturing within their ranks by launching a new organization, the Labour and Socialist International (LSI), the German Communist Party’s main daily published a pull-out flier for posting on factory walls. Bearing the sarcastic title the International of Ministers, it presented to workers a list of forty-one socialists and the national offices held by them in Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Belgium, Poland, France, Sweden, and Denmark. Commenting on the activities of the LSI, in Paris a Russian Menshevik émigré turned prominent left-wing pundit scoffed at the new International’s executive body, which he sarcastically dubbed ‘the International Socialist Cabinet’, since ‘all of its members were ministers, ex-ministers, or prospec- tive ministers of State’.1 Whether one accepted or rejected its new status, socialism’s virtually overnight transformation from an outsider to a consummate insider at the end of Europe’s first total war provided the most striking measure of the quantum leap into what can aptly be described as Europe’s ‘social democratic moment’.2 Moreover, unlike the period after Europe’s second total war, when many of socialism’s basic postulates became permanently embedded in the post-1945 social-welfare-state con- European History Quarterly Copyright © 2001 SAGE Publications, London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi, Vol. -
Towards a Unified Theory Analysing Workplace Ideologies: Marxism And
Marxism and Racial Oppression: Towards a Unified Theory Charles Post (City University of New York) Half a century ago, the revival of the womens movementsecond wave feminismforced the revolutionary left and Marxist theory to revisit the Womens Question. As historical materialists in the 1960s and 1970s grappled with the relationship between capitalism, class and gender, two fundamental positions emerged. The dominant response was dual systems theory. Beginning with the historically correct observation that male domination predates the emergence of the capitalist mode of production, these theorists argued that contemporary gender oppression could only be comprehended as the result of the interaction of two separate systemsa patriarchal system of gender domination and the capitalist mode of production. The alternative approach emerged from the debates on domestic labor and the predominantly privatized character of the social reproduction of labor-power under capitalism. In 1979, Lise Vogel synthesized an alternative unitary approach that rooted gender oppression in the tensions between the increasingly socialized character of (most) commodity production and the essentially privatized character of the social reproduction of labor-power. Today, dual-systems theory has morphed into intersectionality where distinct systems of class, gender, sexuality and race interact to shape oppression, exploitation and identity. This paper attempts to begin the construction of an outline of a unified theory of race and capitalism. The paper begins by critically examining two Marxian approaches. On one side are those like Ellen Meiksins Wood who argued that capitalism is essentially color-blind and can reproduce itself without racial or gender oppression. On the other are those like David Roediger and Elizabeth Esch who argue that only an intersectional analysis can allow historical materialists to grasp the relationship of capitalism and racial oppression. -
Workers' Education in Belgium by Henri De MAN General Secretary of the National Committee for Workers' Education
Workers' Education in Belgium by Henri de MAN General Secretary of the National Committee for Workers' Education IDE by side with the labour movement as a whole, and more especially with the trade union movement, there have S grown up of recent years a number of educational organisa tions which stand in a unique relation to education in general. Their object is to provide adult workers with the knowledge which they need in order to share in the leadership of the organised labour movement. It is interesting to study the new methods by which the labour movement in various countries is endeavouring to meet this new need. Mention may be made of Ruskin College, Oxford, the Labour College, London, and the Scottish Labour College, the new Education Committee of the Trades Union Congress, and the Workers' Educational Associa tion in Great Britain ; of all the organisations affiliated to the Workers' Education Bureau of America ; and of the education committees of the Socialist Parties and the works councils schools of the General Federation of Trade Unions in Germany. In this article a description is given of the corresponding organisation in the Belgian labour movement, namely the National Committee for Workers' Education (•*). This Committee is perhaps more representative than any similar organisation, since the movement for working-class education in Belgium is more highly centralised and co-ordinated than in any other country. This is chiefly due to the close co-operation between the three branches of the labour movement, the political Labour Party, the trade unions, and the co-operative societies. -
Scangate Document
Opuscula Historica Upsaliensia utges av Historiska institutionen vid Uppsala universitet och syftar till att sprida information om den forskning som bedrivs på institutionen. Huvudredaktör: Asa Karlsson. Redaktion: Gudrun Andersson, Håkan Gunneriusson och Karin Jansson. Löpande prenumeration tecknas genom skriftlig anmälan till Opuscula, Historiska institutionen, S:t Larsgatan 2, 753 10 Uppsala. Enstaka nummer kan beställas från Historiska institutionen. För ytterligare information kontakta på telefon 018-47115 42, telefax 018-47115 28 eller E-post: [email protected], Karin.J [email protected] Guises of Power Integration of society and legitimisation of power in Sweden and the Southern Low Countries ca 1500-1900 Maria Ågren, Asa Karlsson and Xavier Rousseaux (eds.) Distribution Department of History, S:t Larsgatan 2, SE-753 10 Uppsala, Sweden Cover: Håkan Belin © The Authors Graphics and layout: Chripa Fotograf & Reklam Printed in Sweden by: X-O Graf Tryckeri AB Uppsala 2001 ISSN 0284-8783 ISBN 91-506-1423-1 Contents Preface 5 Maria Ågren, Asa Karlsson and Xavier Rousseux A Modern Year for a Modern Mind. The replacement of holidays by dates in Swedish legal ordinances 11 Henrik Ågren Gender as Symbolic Capital? Women and property in the seven- teenth and eighteenth centuries 23 Gudrun Andersson Identity and Integration. Student unrest in early modern Uppsala Lars Geschwind. 33 Legitimisation of Resistance: The Argumentation of Rebellious Peasants, 1742-43 45 Karin Sennefelt Spatial Integration at the District Courts in Seventeenth -
The Challenges and the Nature of Consociationalism in the 20Th and 21St Centuries: the Case of Belgium and the Netherlands
The Challenges and the Nature of Consociationalism in the 20th and 21st Centuries: The Case of Belgium and the Netherlands Author: Anna Vajas Student Number: 104517007 MA in Governance, Leadership and Democracy Studies Supervisor: Éva dr. Kőváriné Ignáth Lisbon, March 2020 The approximate number of words: 24 600 (excluding the bibliography and annexes). SUMMARY The phenomenon of populism has been a passionately debated topic of political science. Many among political thinkers, theorists and actual decision-makers have not only shared a common point of interest and concern, but they also have approached from a variety of different aspects. As can be witnessed in current times, the threat of the populist “awakening” has not exclusively been the experience of relatively recently democratized countries, but also of enduring and stable democracies. The present thesis is to serve as the introduction and comparison of two examples with consociational arrangement, from the latter category – namely, of Belgium and the Netherlands. The core of my inquiry lies in the fundamental discrepancy between the traditional eagerness of conventional parties to cooperate and the populist parties with the intention to oppose the arrangement of the former. According to my supposition, the political activity of the Vlaams Belang in Belgium and the Partij Voor de Vrijheid in the Netherlands generates a tense relation to the consociational arrangement. Namely, these populist factions articulate an exclusive idea of the society – “the people” – which seems to oppose the inclusive nature of consociationalism. Also, their anti-establishment nature contrasts the cooperation and consensus of the elite, whom tend to react to this rather “antisocial” political behaviour with a sort of dissociation, the application of the so-called cordon sanitaire. -
Organisation of the Education System in the German-Speaking Community of Belgium, 2009/10
Organisation of the education system in the German-speaking Community of Belgium 2009/2010 BE de European Commission EURYBASE BELGIUM – German-speaking Community 1. POLITICAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC BACKGROUND AND TRENDS ................................ 7 1.1. Historical overview...................................................................................................... 7 1.2. Main Executive and Legislative Bodies ...................................................................... 9 1.2.1. Federal Institutions .............................................................................................. 9 1.2.2. The Institutions of Communities and Regions.................................................. 10 1.2.3. Provinces ............................................................................................................ 12 1.2.4. Municipalities ..................................................................................................... 13 1.3. Religions .................................................................................................................... 13 1.4. Official and Minority Languages .............................................................................. 13 1.5. Demographic Situation ............................................................................................ 15 1.6. Economic Situation................................................................................................... 16 1.7. Statistics.................................................................................................................... -
The London School of Economics and Political Science
The London School of Economics and Political Science «Les Belles Années du Plan»? Hendrik de Man and the Reinvention of Western European Socialism, 1914-36 ca. Tommaso Milani A thesis submitted to the Department of International History of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, September 2017. 1 DECLARATION I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgment is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 99,843 words. 2 ABSTRACT The thesis discusses the trajectory of the Belgian socialist thinker and activist Hendrik de Man (1885-1953) between 1914 and 1936 ca, with particular attention to his endeavours to renew Western European social democracy after the Great War. The first half of the thesis deals with de Man’s theoretical evolution. Having become convinced of the inadequacy of orthodox Marxism as a conceptual framework for the Left while serving as soldier and diplomat during WWI, de Man sought to overcome the split between reformism and revolutionary socialism by developing an ethical conception of socialism outlined in the book Zur Psychologie des Sozialismus (1926) and, subsequently, by elaborating planism, a democratic socialist ideology supposedly more in tune with the socio-economic conditions of the 1930s. -
A Digital Approach to Classify the International Scope of Belgian
‘Workers of the World’? A Digital Approach to Classify the International Scope of Belgian Socialist Newspapers, 1885–1940 Joke Daems, Thomas D’haeninck, Simon Hengchen, Tecle Zere, and Christophe Verbruggen Journal of European Periodical Studies, 4.1 (Summer 2019) ISSN 2506-6587 Content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Licence The Journal of European Periodical Studies is hosted by Ghent University Website: ojs.ugent.be/jeps To cite this article: Joke Daems, Thomas D’haeninck, Simon Hengchen, Tecle Zere, and Christophe Verbruggen, ‘“Workers of the World”? A Digital Approach to Classify the International Scope of Belgian Socialist Newspapers, 1885–1940’, Journal of European Periodical Studies, 4.1 (Summer 2019), 99–114 ‘Workers of the World’? A Digital Approach to Classify the International Scope of Belgian Socialist Newspapers, 1885–1940 Joke Daems*, Thomas D’haeninck*, Simon Hengchen^, Tecle Zere°, and Christophe Verbrugge *Ghent University, ^University of Helsinki, and °AMSAB Institute of Social History [email protected] ABSTRACT Socialism has always been strongly related to internationalism, yet the attitude towards and expression of internationalism has likely changed throughout the years. Events such as the First World War, the post-war revival of institutionalized internationalism and the increasing geopolitical tensions during the interwar period are likely to impact the degree of internationalism found in socialism. In this paper, we use digital tools to search for expressions of ‘banal’ internationalism and cosmopolitanism in Belgian socialist discourse from 1885 until 1940 by text mining two socialist newspapers: the French journal Le Peuple and the Dutch Vooruit.1 We use Named-Entity Recognition (NER) and a collocation analysis to study international and cosmopolitan sentiments expressed in these periodicals to better understand the impact of historical events. -
Social Progress
LANDMARKS OF SOCIAL PROGRESS Social and emancipatory achievements – differing origins, individual pathways and specific trajectories illustrated by examples from various European countries: a reader European Federation of Building and Woodworkers Brussels, 2019 EFBWW European Federation of Building and Woodworkers Rue Royale 45 1000 Brussels Belgium Tel. +32 2 227 10 40 [email protected] www.efbww.eu ISBN 978-0-903109-56-7 (print) ISBN 978-0-903109-57-4 (e-version) Project carried out with the financial support of the European Commission. This publication reflects the views of the authors only, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, whether electronic, mechanical, by means of photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the permission of the publisher. While the information in the publication is believed to be correct, neither the publisher nor the authors accept any responsibility for any loss, damage or other liability by users or any other persons arising from the contents of this publication. DESIGN: Beryl Natalie Janssen PRINTED BY: Drukkerij Schaubroeck LANDMARKS OF SOCIAL PROGRESS This booklet is the result of an EFBWW project. Its content and the production is the combined and joint work of the project steering group, colleagues from various EFBWW affiliates who undertook the proofreading and a wide range of authors -
The Age of Empire
The Age of Empire EJ. HOBSBAWM VINTAGE BOOKS A DIVISION OF RANDOM HOUSE, INC. NEW YORK To the students ofBirkbeck College First Vintage Books Edition, April 1989 Copyright © 1987 by E.J. Hobsbawm All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in the United States by Random House, Inc., New York. Originally published, in Great Britain, by George Weidenfeld and Nicolson Ltd., London, and in the United States by Pantheon Books, a division of Random House, Inc., New York, in 1987. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hobsbawm, EJ. (EricJ.), 1917- The age of empire, 1875-1914 / E.J. Hobsbawm.—1st Vintage Books ed. p. cm. Bibliography: p. Includes index. ISBN 0-679-72175-4 (pbk.) i. History, Modern— 19th century. I. Title. D359.7.H63 1989 909.81 —dci9 Manufactured in the United States of America 579B86 CONTENTS Illustrations ix Preface xiii Overture i I The Centenarian Revolution '3 2 An Economy Changes Gear 34 3 The Age of Empire 56 4 The Politics of Democracy 84 5 Workers of the World 112 6 Waving Flags: Nations and Nationalism 142 7 Who's Who or the Uncertainties of the Bourgeoisie 165 8 The New Woman 192 9 The Arts Transformed 219 IO Certainties Undermined: The Sciences 243 Ii Reason and Society 262 12 Towards Revolution 276 '3 From Peace to War 302 Epilogue 328 Tables 34i Maps 353 Notes 361 Further Reading 379 Index 39i CHAPTER5 WORKERS OF THE WORLD 1 got to know a shoemaker called Schroder.... Later he went to America He gave me some newspapers to read and I read a bit because I was bored, and then I got more and more interested... -
Divided World Divided Class: Global Political Economy and the Stratification of Labour Under Capitalism ISBN 978-1-894946-41-4
M cc ti. •a■rf J v»1 ce jH i 'Sí' (A 09 I?* tí ÜO «-r p -<pr jfw «#* ’*•. || 4¡Utji »k> -t4h*<r. *r W / f » ^ f ' ; ce >> ?• «üfí V * ' - i JT? «V'H Zak Cope D iv id e d W o r l d D iv id e d C l a s s D iv id e d W o r l d D iv id e d C l a s s G l o b a l P o l i t i c a l E c o n o m y a n d t h e S tratification o f L a b o u r U n d e r C a p i t a l i s m Zak Cope (B.A., M.A., Ph.D.) Divided World Divided Class: Global Political Economy and the Stratification of Labour Under Capitalism ISBN 978-1-894946-41-4 Published in 2012 by Kersplebedeb Copyright © Zak Cope This edition © Kersplebedeb All rights reserved Subject Index by Zak Cope Cover and interior design by Kersplebedeb To order copies of the book, contact: Kersplebedeb CP 63560 CCCP Van Horne Montreal, Quebec Canada H3W 3H8 [email protected] www.kersplebedeb.com www.leftwingbooks.net Also available from: AK Press 674-А 23rd Street Oakland, CA 94612 Voice: (510) 208-1700 Fax: (510) 208-1701 www.akpress.org Printed in Canada cDedicated to my mother, %osemary, my sisters, and Takira, and my fiancee, Urona, with all my love. C o n t e n t s Preface і Acknowledgments v Introduction 3 Notes to the Introduction 35 I. -
Het Socialistische Activisme Tijdens De Eerste Wereldoorlog
HET SOCIALISTISCH AKTIVISME TIJDENS DE EERSTE WERELDOORLOG door Mieke SERTYN Aspirant Nationaal Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek INLEIDING Om tal van redenen is de socialistische arbeidersbeweging in Vlaanderen er niet in geslaagd de taalkwestie te integreren in haar strijd voor maatschappelijke ontvoogding. De Vlaamse Beweging bracht het voor 1914 evenmin tot een tegelijk op nationale en sociale overwegingen gebaseerd anti-belgicisme (voor zover ze reeds anti- Belgisch was). Het nationalisme kreeg pas goed gestalte tijdens en na Wereldoorlog I, toen reeds definitief de alliantie gesmeed was met het kleinburgerdom. En hoewel de onverschilligheid van de Vlaamse socialististen (Anseele op de eerste plaats) t.o.v. de Vlaamse kwestie overdreven is geweest, toch was het wantrouwen diep geworteld tegenover de "Vlaamse bewegers" die — de taalkwestie buiten beschouwing gela- ten — burgerlijke waarden aankleefden (1). Onder druk van de oorlogsomstandigheden evolueerde een deel van de Vlaamsgezinden van a-Belgische gezindheid naar een politiek nationalisme. Van de bezetting maakten de aktivisten gebruik om met (1) Voor de BWP en V.B. voor 1914, zie H. VAN VELTHOVEN, "Onenigheid in de Belgische Werkliedenpartij : de Vlaamse kwestie wordt een vrije kwestie (1894-1914)", in Belgisch Tijdschrift voor Nieuwste Geschiedenis, V, 1974, nr. 1-2, pp. 123-165 en "De Belgische Werkliedenpartij en de Vlaamse kwestie (1894-1914). Einde van een mythe", in Handelingen van het XXXe Vlaams Fi- lologencongres, Gent, 1975, pp. 270-278. J. CRAEYBECKX, "Socialisme en Vlaamse Beweging omstreeks 1900", in Liber Amicorum Leopold Flam, deel 2, Antwerpen, 1975, pp. 787-798. 169 Mieke SERTYN Duitse hulp een revolte door te voeren tegen de Belgische staat.