Report on the Workshop on Promoting Urban Resilience

REPORT ON THE WORKSHOP ON PROMOTING URBAN RESILIENCE

Strengthening Urban Resilience for Growth with Equity (SURGE) Project

CONTRACT NO. AID-492-H-15-00001

SEPTEMBER 29, 2016

This report is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this report are the sole responsibility of the International City/County Management Association (ICMA) and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.

USAID Strengthening Urban Resilience for Growth with Equity (SURGE) Project Page i Documentation Report of Promoting Urban Resilience Workshop, August 2016

REPORT ON THE WORKSHOP ON PROMOTING URBAN RESILIENCE

Strengthening Urban Resilience for Growth with Equity (SURGE) Project

CONTRACT NO. AID-492-H-15-00001

Program Title: USAID/SURGE Sponsoring USAID Office: USAID/Philippines Contract Number: AID-492-H-15-00001 Contractor: International City/County Management Association (ICMA) Date of Publication: SEPTEMBER 29, 2016

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Contents

I. Introduction 1

II. Design of the Workshop 1

III. Participants 2

IV. Workshop Highlights and Implications to the Project 2

V. Next Steps 4

Tables

Table 1. Output of the Agriculture Sector Group 23 Table 2. Output of the Energy Sector Group 23 Table 3. Output of the Livestock and Fisheries Sector Group 24 Table 4. Output of the Forestry Group 24 Table 5. Output of the East Group 26 Table 6. Recommendations of the West Group 27

Figure

Figure 1. Output of the West Group 27

Annexes

Annex 1. Program 5 Annex 2. List of Participants 7 Annex 3. Highlights of the Workshop 9 Annex 4. Photo Documentation 29 Annex 5. Visual Aids/Presentation 30 Annex 6. Summary of Evaluation/Feedback Form 30 Annex 6. Field Activity Guide 32

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Acronyms

CCA Climate Change Adaptation CDI Cities Development Initiative CDP Comprehensive Development Plan CDRRMO City Disaster Risk Reduction Management Office CENRO City Environment and Natural Resource Officer CLUP Comprehensive Land Use Plan CPIP City Public Investment Program DRR Disaster Risk Reduction DRRMC Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council ENR Environment and Natural Resources GESI Gender Equality and Social Inclusion GHG Greenhouse Gas GIS Geographic Information System HWTF Hull Waste Water Treatment IEC Information, Education and Communication LEDS Low Emissions Development Strategy LCCAP Local Climate Change Adaptation Plan LGC Local Government Code LGU Local Government Unit R.A. Republic Act SWM Solid Waste Management USAID United States Agency for International Development

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I. Introduction

The management of environmental and natural resources (ENR) has been devolved to local government units (LGUs) as provided for in the Local Government Code (LGC) of 1991 and the Republic Act (R.A.) No. 7160. With this mandate, LGUs are obligated to establish an office for environmental management and appoint environmental officers to handle the challenging role of ensuring the protection and rehabilitation of the environment.

The advent of global climate anomalies has given LGUs a more dynamic role in managing the complex interactions between climate and local environmental, economic, and technological processes as part of their regular functions. This includes determining specific risks and vulnerabilities to be considered in planning and decision-making in order to improve adaptation strategies and be able to gain access to financing facilities and instruments.

While some LGUs have been successfully implementing the devolved ENR functions, a number of studies points out that the transfer of functions was partial, insignificant, and with limited success. Many LGUs were neither properly oriented about their new functions nor trained to carry them out. Other LGUs cannot fund the devolved functions, or do not earn revenue from the devolved projects and, hence, do not give them much attention. Considering the current challenges of global warming and climate disasters, environmental officers are needed at the forefront of meeting these challenges. Environmental protection has become one of the biggest stumbling blocks LGUs face in mitigating or adapting to the threat of climate change.

The Strengthening Urban Resilience for Growth with Equity (SURGE) Project, funded by the United States Agency for International Developemnt (USAID), organized a learning event with the theme “Promoting Urban Resilience Workshop for City Environment and Natural Resource Officers (CENRO)” on June 21 to 23, 2016 in PonteFino Hotel, Batangas City. The workshop aimed to improve the skills of CENROs and their staff from the six cities participating in USAID’s Cities Development Initiative (CDI) in conducting urban environmental and natural resources management planning within the context of disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA).

This report addresses Activity 1.3.3.1 that provides technical assistance to the CDI cities in the preparation of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP), Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP), and the City Public Investment Programs (CPIPs). This report also tackles Activity D.3.2 Holding of Capacity-Building Activities/Workshops in the Year 1 Work Plan of the USAID’s Strengthening Urban Resilience for Growth with Equity (SURGE) Project.

II. Design of the Workshop

The conference was a three-day learning activity with the following parts:

 Part 1: Instructional modules combined with related exercises and CENRO Experience Presentations

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 Part 2: Field case study on Hazard Vulnerability Issues and Adaptation Response Mapping in Barangay Pallocan West, Batangas City

The detailed program can be read in Annex 1. Slide presentations, workshop outputs, and photos have been compiled and are part of this documentation report as attachments.

III. Participants

There were 24 participants from the six CDI 6 cities (refer to Annex 2 for the list). The Project ensured equal representation by men and women. In addition, senior officials/resource speakers from the Department of the Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), the University of the Philippines (Los Banos), La Salle University, ECOWASTE Coalition, and the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives Climate (ICLEI-Southeast Asia Secretariat) were invited (refer to Annex 3 for the highlights of the discussions).

IV. Workshop Highlights and Implications to the Project

The activity provided CDI cities the opportunity to learn more about their devolved environmental functions. But beyond that, the workshop enabled the participants to see the bigger picture and appreciate how a sustainable environmental program would impact on their cities’ economic development. The resource speakers stressed that growing economies must balance their needs with responsible environmental management, pointing out that there are always opportunities to push for modern development that do not threaten a healthy environment. This balance, it was highlighted, requires policies, legislation, and regulations that improve and strengthen natural resource management, support sustainable resource use, and adapt to the new normal of climate change.

The participants engaged in insightful discussions about sustainable growth in the climate change regime. They were particularly animated about the various consequences of environmental degradation that undermine present development and threaten future progress. The Project can further explore this entry point, strategically enhancing its support for the CDI cities so they will each achieve a successful environmental management program within their desired development objectives.

Specifically, there are three areas where the workshop results can enhance the SURGE Project activities – in development planning, in the formulation of climate and environment activities, and in enhancing informed decision-making.

Development Planning

The Project ensured that a major takeaway the CDI cities would have from this activity was their deeper appreciation of the importance of truly planning well for development. Development is a process that enables people to better their well-being – and this is rooted in how well local plans capture and reflect the expectations and desires of all the people in the city. Planning is an activity that people – the city’s multistakeholders – can participate in to involve themselves in

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development, such as the discussion and decision-making on the wise use of resources and material assets: financial, material, human, social, and natural. Natural resources, including water and land, underpin people’s livelihoods.

Representing secondary cities with a mix of rural and urban areas, the workshop participants realized that the environment provides the essential material assets and an economic base for human endeavor. Despite the onset of urbanization, there are still jobs that depend on fisheries, forestry, or agriculture. The lack of regulatory measures for these resources puts livelihoods at stake, businesses at risk, and the economy in peril.

Poor management and regulatory measures also lead to further environmental degradation, which threatens all aspects of human wellbeing. This has been demonstrably linked to human health problems, including some types of vector-borne diseases or respiratory illnesses – and which are expected to be exacerbated by the effects of climate change. These will increase human vulnerability and susceptibility, especially when storms, droughts, or sea level rise impact on the cities.

The Project can strengthen the CDI cities’ planning practices so that these are well-thought-out and are implementable, leading to proper management and regulatory measures that will make the cities resilient and sustainable in the face of all threats and stresses.

Climate and Environmental Policies

The Project can look further at building the accountability of the CDI cities in achieving high rates of sustainable growth. All levels of governance in the city must install effective local policy responses. For instance, the Project will assist the LGUs in crafting or enhancing a local environmental code with customized target solutions to local problems while referring to various tools that have emerged over the years of intervention. Actions should also be taken to address both the local drivers of change and the complexity of environmental problems.

One way to do this is by mainstreaming the mitigation and adaptation programs in land use policies, thus enhancing the level of security and achieving invulnerable, if not indomitable, development. Another way is by the effective and transparent public management of the economy through the provision of a safe, stable environment for business and industry, consequently securing the cities’ ability to fulfill their responsibility in safeguarding and promoting the welfare of their people.

Still another way to support sustainable growth is to develop and impart techniques that could be used to understand the value of services provided by various ecosystems. This entails the promotion and development of sustainable and responsible management of natural resources and appropriate responses to climate impacts, guaranteeing the long-term viability of the economy. It is necessary for the Project to make the cities understand that changing drivers – such as population growth, economic activities, and consumption patterns that contribute to GHG emissions – have placed ever-increasing pressure on the environment. Such stresses should be factored into valuation processes, consequently enhancing the integration of environmental management into city governance and decision-making.

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Improved Decision-making

It is crucial for CDI cities to think up scenarios that will enhance their insights into the future impacts of policy decisions, especially with regard to their engagement with the private sector. The use of benchmark measurements, for instance, could serve as their basis for achieving sustainable growth. The Project will prod CDI cities into employing a critical eye toward efficient decision-making so that they will regularly review and recalibrate instruments and tools to ensure their continuous efficiency. The Project will encourage the cities to adopt measurements that set economic growth standards and thus stimulate entrepreneurship, such as promoting open competition that could import outside knowledge and maximize investment opportunities. The Project will also urge cities to utilize instruments for economic incentives and market creation, such as bonds and deposits, to help correct market failures and internalize the costs of protecting the environment.

In this case, the Project will assist the CDI cities in improving the use of data and information at all stages of planning and management, making systematic and simultaneous use of social, economic, developmental, ecological, and environmental data. The Project will impress on the cities the dynamism of interactions and synergies created by a broad range of tools that capture various points of view. The Project will then push for the development of implementation and coordination protocols that will allow for the widest possible networking to facilitate the sharing of data, opinions, and approaches between and among environmental officers and practitioners, decision-makers, and the general public.

In sum, this workshop activity drives the Project toward a new momentum in harmonizing the various sectoral, economic, social, and environmental policies and plans of the partner local governments. This will all result in the formulation or recalibration of a localized development strategy in each CDI city, incorporating conservation strategies, local climate adaptation and mitigation programs, research, and environment action plans. The Project’s initiatives in this regard hew to the ultimate goal of ensuring socially responsible economic development while protecting the resource base and the business environment for the benefit of local economic growth.

V. Next Steps

The CENRO workshop participants identified the following recommendations that the CDI cities can pursue with technical assistance from SURGE:

 Develop implementing rules and regulations (IRR) for the environment code;  Establish/strengthen CENROs with mandate, staffing and training;  Participate in the Philippine League of Environment and Natural Resources Officer’s (PLENRO) annual GHG inventory and emission measurement training;  Establish a network to access technical knowledge and expertise as well as share ordinance and environment codes; and  Develop Local Climate Change Adaptation Plans (LCCAPs).

The above recommendations will be considered when the SURGE Project crafts its Year 2 work plan.

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Annex 1. Program

Promoting Urban Resilience Workshop PonteFino Hotel, Batangas City June 21-23, 2016 Program

Time Activity Resource Person Day 1 | June 21, 2016 08:30 - 09:00 am Registration 09:00 - 09:30 am Opening Ceremonies Host CDI City  National Anthem  Prayer

Welcome Remarks Mayor-elect Beverly Dimacuha Batangas City

Message Marian Cruz Navata USAID Philippines

Overview of CENRO Capability Building Lamar Cravens Workshop COP, USAID- SURGE Project 09:30 - 10:30 am Review of Basic Ecological Concepts and Prof. Dr. Leonardo Florece ENR Management School of Environmental Science and Management, UPLB 10:30 - 11:00 am CDI City Presentation 1 Zamboanga City 11:00- 12:00 nn Devolution of ENR Functions (Roles of Prof. Dr. Leonardo Florece CENROs) School of Environmental Science and Management, UPLB 12:00 - 1:00 pm Lunch 1:00 - 1:30 pm CDI City Presentation 2 Iloilo City 1:30 - 2:30 pm Planning and management of NRM systems Albert Magalang (within the realm of climate change) Climate Change Division, Environmental Management Bureau, DENR 2:30 - 3:30 pm Local emission local development strategies Ranell Dedicatoria and green development and planning (GHG Program Manager, inventory guidelines) ICLEI SEAS 3:30 - 4:00 pm CDI City Presentation 3 Puerto Princesa City 4:00 - 5:00 pm Exercise 1: Simulating water management SURGE strategies against the potential impact of climate change Day 2 | June 22, 2016 08:30 - 09:00 am Recap of Day 1 Participant 09:00 - 11:00 am Taking on the ENR Challenge Atty. Maria Paz Luna Pusod, Inc.

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Time Activity Resource Person 11:00 - 12:00 nn Environmental laws, policies and treaties Atty. Michelle Go (INDC; COP 21 Paris Declaration) ASEC for Planning, DENR 12:00 - 1:00 pm Lunch 1:00 - 2:00 pm CDI City Presentations 4 and 5 Batangas City Tagbilaran City 2:00 - 3:30 pm Climate science, methods for local and Engr. Glenn Banaguas, OYS pragmatic climate risk analysis (inputs for ASEAN-U.S. Fellow LCCAP) De La Salle University 3:30 - 4:00 pm CDI City Presentation 6 Cagayan de Oro City 4:00 - 5:00 pm Planning and management of urban systems Aileen Lucero based on climate change (water, solid waste, National Coordinator waste water and sanitation) ECOWASTE Coalition 5:00 - 5:30 pm Exercise 2: Assessment of activity data Johanna Camille Jordan availability for community-level GHG Program Officer inventory ICLEI SEAS Day 3 | June 23, 2016 08:30 - 09:00 am Recap of Day 2 Participant 09:00 - 12:00 nn Hazard vulnerability issues and adaptation SURGE response mapping: Field case study in Barangay Pallocan West, Batangas City  Overview of field site  Mapping hazard vulnerability issues  Visioning impact chain  Adaptation response 12:00 - 1:00 pm Lunch 1:00 - 3:00 pm Presentation of workshop results Participant 3:00 - 4:00 pm Integrating Gender Equality and Social Gichelle Cruz Inclusion (GESI) perspectives in climate change adaptation plans 4:00 - 4:30 pm Closing Program

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Annex 2. List of Participants

Title Given Middle Surname Sex Designation Affiliation Name Initial Mr. Edwin I Dael M OIC City Local Environment and Natural Resources Office Ms. Mabellin B. Elvisa F Public Services City Local Environment Officer III and Natural Resources Office Mr. Allan A. Porcadilla M OIC City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office Mr. Gerry R. Pollisco M Supervisor/Division Environmental Chief Management Specialist Ms. Emma S. Alipala F Specialist II Environmental Management Specialist Mr. Reynaldo S. Gonzales M Civil Engineer City Environment Officer Mr. Caesar P. Pelaez M Planning Officer II Office of the City Planning and Development Coordinator Mr. Gerard M. Lavadia M Executive Assistant Barangay Affairs and III Constituency Unit, Head CDRRM Action Officer Mr. Joselito E. Taladua M Administrative Economic and Business Assistant II Enterprise Ms. Analyn M. Tabora F Administrative Officer Administrative Officer V V Ms. Mary Ann M. Madrinan F Senior Senior Environmental Joylle Environmental Management Specialist Management Specialist Mr. Manuelito R. Ramos M Senior Senior Environmental Environmental Management Specialist Management Specialist Ms. Maria H. Sunguad F Supervising Supervising Environmental Christina Environmental Management Management Ms. Glenda D. Garcia F Senior Senior Environmental Environmental Management Specialist Management Specialist Ms. Julie Ann Aguba F Project Development Project Development Kay Coordinator Coordinator Mr. Noel Z. Hechanova M City Government City Government Development Head II Development Head II Ms. Ma. V. Octavio F City Government City Government Christina Development Head II Development Head II Mr. Roberto C. Escoto M Senior Senior Environmental Environmental Management Specialist Management Specialist

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Title Given Middle Surname Sex Designation Affiliation Name Initial Mr. Jose Roni S. Penalosa M City Planning and City Planning and Development Development Coordinator, Coordinator, City City Zoning Administrator Zoning Administrator Ms. Maricel H. Melo F Licensing Officer 1 Local Economic Investments and Promotion Office Ms. Angelique Tan F Local Economic May Investments and Promotion Office Ms. Abigail Abendan F Local Economic Investments and Promotion Office Ms. April Rivera F Local Economic Investments and Promotion Office Mr. Erick Sanohan M LEIPO Officer Local Economic Anthony Investments and Promotion Office

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Annex 3. Highlights of the Workshop

Day 1 – June 21, 2016

I. TOPIC: REVIEW OF BASIC ECOLOGICAL CONCEPTS AND ENR MANAGEMENT

Session Description: This session discussed basic ecological concepts and ENR management.

Session Resource Person

Dr. Leonardo Florece is an environmental science professor and university scientist at the University of the Philippines in Los Baños’ School of Environmental Science and Management (SESAM).

Highlights

Dr. Florece gave an overview of basic ecological concepts. He defined key terms, such as ecology, ecosystem, environment, and environmental science. Ecology is the study of the Dr. Florece presents basic relationships of living and non-living things, including their ecological concepts relevant to influences on the environment. An ecosystem is an interacting ENR management entity or community made up of all living and non-living objects in a specified volume of space. Examples of ecosystems include the forest ecosystem, agroecosystem, urban ecosystem, and grassland ecosystem. The environment refers to circumstances or conditions that surround an organism or group of organisms or the complex social or cultural conditions that affect an individual or community. The systematic/scientific study of the environment as well as our role in it is the core definition of Environmental Science. The speaker also introduced ecological principles that include nutrient cycling, the food chain and food web, the law of thermodynamics, ecosystem productivity, carrying capacity, the Lotka-Voltera principle, and biochemical cycles.

II. CITY PRESENTATION: ZAMBOANGA CITY

Environmental issues

 Pollution control;  Health and sanitation;  Climate change adaptation and disaster preparedness;  Biodiversity conservation partnerships;  Coastal resource management and regulation;  Wetlands management and regulations; and Mr. Gerry Pollisco discusses the future environmental  Enhanced forest protection. projects that Zamboanga City will implement Current City Projects

 Pollution Control

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o Integrated solid waste management (SWM) o Septage management o Sanitary landfill facilities o Material recovery facilities  Climate change adaptation and disaster preparedness o Local Climate Change Action Plan (LCCAP) o Local Disaster Risk Reduction Management Plan o Contingency Plan for drought o Operational City Disaster Risk Reduction Management Office (CDRRMO) and Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council (DRRMC)  Wetlands management and regulations o Integrated Coastal and Fisheries Resources Management Plan o Annual three-month fishing ban  Forest and Ecosystem o Co-management of watersheds o LGU-managed protect landscape and seascape

Future Projects

 Improve Geographic Information System (GIS) and disaster impact analysis;  Enhance capacity of stakeholders;  Develop the city’s Environment Code; and  Conduct a greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory.

III. TOPIC: DEVOLUTION OF ENR FUNCTIONS

Session Description: This session discussed ENR functions devolved to the LGU, as specified in the LGC.

Highlights

Dr. Florece presented the Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Framework, which considers the ecological, economic, and social aspects of social development. The framework is guided by the UN Conference on Biological Diversity. With the devolved functions of CENROs, LGUs have to consider these social development aspects in their plans and programs. In addition, environment codes have to be developed to consider the specifics of their city.

IV. CITY PRESENTATION: ILOILO CITY

Environmental issues

 Potential loss of biodiversity, declining fish communities and altered food chains o Unregulated cutting/clearing of mangrove areas to give way to commercial, residential and fishpond development o Overharvesting, need for firewood  Poor water quality caused by high coliform level and low dissolved oxygen o Untreated wastewater

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o Incorrect septic tank practices  Increasing air pollution and GHG emissions  Higher in per capita solid waste generation  River conservation and preservation issues o Erosion, siltation and flooding o Poor water quality o Lack of public access o Natural constriction o Sunken ships and derelicts o Unregulated fishing o Illegal cutting of mangroves Mr. Noel Hechanova presents the o Informal settlements environmental issues of o Heritage conservation Iloilo City  Coastal resource management issues o Declining fish population o Illegal cutting of mangroves o Poor water quality o Poor sanitation

Current City Projects

 Air quality management o Emission inventory o Clean Air Plan o Anti-smoke belching campaign o Social marketing, information and education campaign o Ambient air quality monitoring o Point source monitoring o Jeepney Study o Draft Clean Air Ordinance o GHG accounting o GHG Reduction Plan o Energy efficiency o Promotion of renewables o Sustainable transport o Alternative fuel o Mangrove Carbon Stock Inventory o Incentives for use of renewables  Water Quality Management o 10-year Iloilo Batiano River Water Quality Management Area Action Plan o Low cost wastewater technology o Social marketing, information and education campaign o River clean-up o Monitoring o Draft Septage Management Ordinance o Draft No Discharge Permit, No Business Permit Ordinance  SWM o 10-year SWM Plan o Sanitary Landfill Detailed Engineering Plan

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o Waste-to-energy activities o Collection, transport and disposal of waste o Waste segregation and recycling o Sanitary landfill o Anti-littering campaigns o Anti-plastic campaigns o Anti-littering Ordinance o Plastic Ordinance  Iloilo River Rehabilitation o Updating of Iloilo River Master Plan o Creation of Iloilo-Batiano River Development Council o Social marketing o Promote public access to the river through the Iloilo River Esplanade o Dredging o Removal of natural constriction, derelicts and sunken ships o Mangrove reforestation o Removal of fish pens o Wastewater management using low-cost technology o Regular clean-up o Management of informal settlements o Heritage restoration

Future Projects

 Updating of Iloilo-Batiano River Master Plan  Groundwater Supply Survey in Iloilo River Basin  Air Dispersion Model for Iloilo City  Study on the health impact of air pollution  Updating of the City’s Emission Inventory  Updating of City’s GHG accounting  Capacity building  Air, land and water pollution control  Conservation and preservation  Toxic and hazardous waste  Policies  Draft Air Quality Management Ordinance  Draft Septage Management Ordinance  Draft Iloilo River Development Policy Guidelines  Proposed Rainwater Harvesting Ordinance  Proposed Green Building Ordinance

IV. TOPIC: GREENHOUSE GAS (GHG) INVENTORY AS BASIS FOR IDENTIFYING LOW- EMISSION DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES (LEDS)

Session Description: This session highlighted how a GHG inventory can support the climate- resilient growth of cities.

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Session Resource Person

Mr. Ranell Dedicatoria is the Program Manager of the ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability, Southeast Asia Secretariat.

Highlights

Cities are identified as the main sources of GHG emissions, with more than 79% of global energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions attributable to cities. With the increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, the need for mitigation is more urgent. Mitigation, in the context of climate change, refers to human intervention to reduce anthropogenic emission sources and enhance removals by sinks of GHGs. The goal is to transition cities to a low-emission, green, and inclusive urban economy through the integration of an Urban Low Emissions Development Strategy (Urban-LEDS) into city development plans and processes.

In order to measure the effectiveness of efforts to lower GHG emissions, a GHG inventory that accounts for GHGs emitted to, or removed from, the atmosphere over a period of time is needed. The inventory quantifies and organizes information about GHG Mr. Dedicatoria stresses the importance of city-level emissions based on common standards and protocols. It can also GHG inventories be a tool to help determine accountability because it attributes GHG emissions to an entity, community, city, or country. Developing a GHG inventory consistent with the principles of transparency, relevance, accuracy, completeness, and consistency makes the inventory useful and responsive to a community’s objectives.

A community-scale GHG inventory presents GHG emission and removal data of a local government in a given calendar or fiscal year. The Global Protocol for Community-Scale GHG Emission Inventories sets requirements and provides guidance for calculating and reporting community-scale GHG inventories, which are consistent with the guidelines of the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. CDI cities can use and follow this guiding document to jump-start their own GHG inventory. Carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide emissions from landfills; biological treatment of solid waste; incineration and open burning; and wastewater treatment and discharge are measured in a community-scale GHG inventory.

Four methods of activity data collection under the top-down and bottom-up approaches can be used to effectively create a GHG inventory. The fuel sales method under the top-down approach requires the researcher to start with fuel consumption as a proxy for travel behavior. The induced activity method, geographic/territorial method, and resident method under the bottom-up approach require the researcher to start with detailed activity data. Between the two, the top-down approach is recommended because it is the easier and more efficient of the two methodologies.

Mr. Dedicatoria also presented the mitigation means to remove GHG emissions that include the following:

 Reduction of GHG emissions through sustainable energy;  Carbon sequestration;

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 Promotion of renewable energy use;  Energy efficiency;  Prevention of deforestation;  Proper waste management; and  Promotion organic farming.

Batangas and Iloilo have developed GHG inventories for their cities. The city representatives shared their experience and challenges encountered.

V. TOPIC: PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS WITHIN THE REALM OF CLIMATE CHANGE

Session Description: This session discussed the roles and responsibilities of CENROs for DRR/CCA.

Session Resource Person

Mr. Albert Magalang heads the Climate Change Office of the Environmental Management Bureau of the Department of the Environment and Natural Resources.

Highlights

Mr. Magalang presented a diagram of institutional and administrative jurisdictions of the Ridge-to-Reef Integrated Watershed Ecosystems Management Framework to depict the overlapping roles and jurisdictions of several national government agencies and other various government units. These overlaps complicate the process of managing ecosystems. Mr. Magalang recommended focusing on the CLUP because it cuts across all Ridge-to-Reef areas.

Policies have been placed even early on, even before the CCA, that give mandates on climate change to LGUs. For example, section 16 of the LGU code states that LGUs “should enhance the rights of the people to a balanced ecology.” The Climate Change Act of 2009 also states that “the LGUs shall be the frontline agencies in the formulation, planning and implementation of climate change action plans in their respective areas.” The Disaster Risk Reduction Management Act of 2010 states that DRR and CCA should be integrated into local government development plans, programs, and budgets “as a strategy in sustainable development and poverty reduction.” Mr. Magalang emphasizes that climate When it comes to institutional arrangements, the city or municipal change adaptation should be integrated in ENRO is included in the core group of the Local Development environmental Planning. The LGUs are also required to ensure the financing of management Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Act measures by including them in the Local Development Investment Program (LDIP) and Annual Invest Plan (AIP).

Likewise, the National Climate Change Action Plan (2011-2028) outlines the specific programs and strategies for adaptation and mitigation. It is a comprehensive plan providing

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key actions that enhance adaptive capacity and resilience of communities and national ecosystems with regard to climate change, among others. It eventually seeks to guide the LGUs in the preparation of their respective LCCAPs.

VII. CITY PRESENTATION: PUERTO PRINCESA CITY

Environmental issues

 Weak implementation of environmental laws and ordinances;  Encroachment of violators in Protected Areas & Marine Protected Areas;  Presence of air, water and land pollutants;  High price of aggregates;  High price of lumber requirement; and  Low awareness on disaster response and preparedness (erosion/landslide, flood, fire).

Current City Projects

 For a clean environment o Integrated SWM o Low-cost technology Hull Waste Water Treatment (HWTF) Project Ms. Mary Ann Joyll Madrinan talks about o Air Quality Monitoring Program projects that promote a o 50:50 traffic scheme for tricycles clean environment in o Coastal Belt Project Puerto Princesa City o Construction of HWTF o Coral gardening o Coastal cleanup o Waterways cleanup o SWM program o Oplan Linis Program o Sanitary Landfill Project  For a safe environment o Air & Water Quality Monitoring Boards (Puerto Bay Management Board) o Infectious Waste Treatment Facility Project o Formulate Core Shelter Plan o Conduct trainings/drills on disaster risk preparedness o Formulation of City and Barangay DRRM Plan o Information, education and communication (IEC) campaign on Climate Change  Restoration of degraded environments o Pista Y Ang Kagueban Project o Love Affair with Nature Project o Bantay Puerto Program o Supervised Income Generating Community-Based Projects o Beach Ecowatch Project o Task Force Bakawan o Communal forest

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Future Projects

 Projects in the documentation stage o Waste to Energy Facility Project (LGU-Private Joint Venture) with Austworks o Critical Habitats & Wildlife Sanctuary for declaration: . Anepahan Mountain Range Management . Cleopatra’s Needle Forest Reserve o Efficient Collection System of Hazardous & Infectious Waste Project (Partnership with Ban Toxics)  Requested support from USAID/SURGE o Sludge Management Project o Solar Farm Project o Establishment of Efficient Incentive-Reward System o Riverbank Rehabilitation and Slope Protection Project o Formulation/updating of Watershed Management Plan – 2000 o Biodiversity Index and Monitoring System o Capacity building on GHG Monitoring o Updating of Environmental Code/City Ordinance 396

Day 2 – June 22, 2016

VII. TOPIC: TAKING ON THE ENR CHALLENGE

Session Description: The session highlights the importance of implementing laws to address environmental issues.

Session Resource Person

Atty. Maria Paz Luna is an Executive Trustee in Pusod Inc., a non-profit organization focused on nature preservation and heritage advocacy.

Highlights Atty. Luna details that the Water crisis, food crisis, health crisis, and atmospheric crisis are most visible environment just some of the ENR-related challenges that governments have problem today is solid waste to address. At the national level, there is a need to agree that there is a crisis before solving it. At the local level, there is a need to determine the importance of preserving and protecting the environment. Defining common, broad, and long-term goals are also vital to undertaking these solutions.

Existing laws that have been created to help solve the problems are lacking. Lawmakers should improve existing laws to be more effective. One suggestion for improvement is to draft policies in the local language or dialect to facilitate easier understanding and comprehension, thus ensuring increased interest in following the dictates of the law. Another suggestion is for the lawmaking bodies to involve local stakeholders in the process of developing laws, rules, and regulations. This will support inclusivity and openness to change.

Atty. Luna also shared sustainable practices, such as the proper disposal of electronic waste, safe storage of waste, minimizing consumption, and green infrastructure.

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VIII. CITY PRESENTATION: BATANGAS CITY

Environmental issues

 Solid waste;  Waste water (effluent discharge);  Toxic/hazardous material and wastes;  Emission;  Odor and noise nuisance;  Cutting trees;  River degradation;  Health and sanitation; and  Calamities.

Current City Projects

 Environment Code of Batangas City o Compilation of local and national environmental laws, policies, principles, rules and regulations  Clean and green programs o Solid waste and general environmental sanitation o Gawad Punong Lungsod sa Pagandahan ng Barangay o Gawad Parangal o Pagandahan ng Sitio sa Barangay o Project SMILES (Search for the Most Innovative and Leading Environmental School Program/Project) o Facilities Project Ms. Maria Christina o Plastic ban Sunguad discusses the environment code of o Waste to Energy Project (Biogas Digester for Barangays Batangas City with Swine/Livestock) o E-Sanitation Project (IECs and Demo/Sampling of Organic Disinfectant)  Greening o Tree planting/growing program o Mangrove rehabilitation program o Greenbelts and Carbon Sink Project o Garbo Forest Project (Tingga Labac Old Open Dumpsite) o San Jose Sico Closed CDF Rehabilitation Program o Tree Servicing Program o Schools Mini-Park/Forest Project o Green Pet Project o Bolbok Bypass Road Flyover Landscaping Project o Agri-alternate cropping, backyard gardening and organic o Farming Program o Urban Greening Program o Public Market Landscaping Project  Other environmental practices o Air Quality Monitoring Program o Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System Installation Project

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o Water Quality Management and Resource Protection Program o Calumpang River Rehabilitation and Management Program o Save Tinga Falls Program o Marine Protected Areas Management Program o Green Building Design and Infrastructures Program o Climate Change Action and Clean Energy Project o Weather Station Monitoring System Project o Toxic and Hazardous Materials/Wastes Monitoring Program o Environmental Compliance Officer Training and Accreditation Program o City Joint-Inspection Team Program o “Handog Titulo ni Mayor Para sa Batangueño” (Public Land Titling and Surveys Program) o IEC Programs

Issues and challenges

 Citizens are resistant to change during the early part of implementation;  Barangay politics;  Lack of funds;  Lack of facilities and equipment;  Shortage of technical manpower; and  Difficult in scheduling.

Future projects

 Implementing rules and regulations (IRR) formulation to the articles of the e-code;  Eco-Industrial Park development;  Incentive Program for Tree Planting/Growing in Idle Lots;  Adopt-A-Watershed Program;  Water Quality Management Area Monitoring Plan;  Installation/Operation of THS Conveyance Monitoring System;  Eco-Tourism Destination Development Plan; and  City Air-Dispersion Modelling Project.

IX. CITY PRESENTATION: TAGBILARAN CITY

Environmental issues

 No CENRO;  Salt water intrusion;  Environmental degradation of fishing grounds;  Solid waste;  Waste water;  Air quality and traffic;  Drainage system; and  No build-area plan.

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Current City Projects

 Adoption of the City Environmental Code;  Adoption of the Coastal Resource Management Plan;  Adoption of the City Fisheries Code;  Adoption of the Tagbilaran City Environmental Management Unit;  Adoption of the Operation of the Smoke Belching Testing Center;  Adoption of Barangay Bool Fish Sanctuary;  Adoption of the Manga Fish Sanctuary;  Adoption of the Mabaw Reef Marine Park; Mr. Gerard  Adoption of the City Campsite/City Park; Lavadia discusses  Conversion of two Stroke MTC-Hired to four Stroke Initiative; the city’s Environmental  Adoption of City Environmental Profile; Sustainability  Creation and strengthening of the Bantay Dagat (Sea Patrol) Mechanism Taskforce;  Creation of the Environmental Task Force  Creation of the SWM Board;  Establishment of 10 Hectares Campsite for reforestation and park;  Creation of a City Council for Environmental Protection, Science and Technology;  Yearly Coastal Clean-up Initiative;  Mangrove tree planting;  Tree planting at city campsite;  Creation of the bicycle police taskforce;  Annual seminar for selected public utility vehicle drivers;  Creation of the City Housing Board;  Strict implementation of improvised motorcycle muffler;  Creation of the Integrated Coastal Resource Management Program;  Development of greeneries (parks and recreation areas); and  Acquisition of four new garbage compactors.

City’s Environmental Sustainability Mechanism

 Conversion of two stroke engine to four stroke engine for all motorized tricycle for-hire registered in Tagbilaran City;  Establishment of two Marine Sanctuary and Mabaw Reef Marine Park;  Protection and Preservation of the Mangrove Forest;  Adoption of the City Environmental Code;  Adoption of the Coastal Resource Management Plan;  Adoption of the City Fisheries Code;  Tree Planting Program in the city campsite/park;  Closure of dumpsite and use of sanitary landfill in Albur town;  Schools and hotels use solar panels for renewable energy; and  Creation of the CENRO.

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X. TOPIC: CLIMATE SCIENCE, METHODS FOR LOCAL AND PRAGMATIC CLIMATE RISK ANALYSIS

Session Description: The session presented science-based methodologies for local climate risk analysis.

Session Resource Person

Engr. Glenn Banaguas is senior research scientist and university researcher of the Environmental and Climate Change Research Institute at De La Salle Araneta University.

Highlights

Risk is composed of three elements: hazard, vulnerability, and exposure. Hazard is a process or event that is potentially damaging and may result in injury, loss of life or property, socio-economic destruction or environmental degradation. Vulnerability is a condition determined by physical, social and economic and environmental factors and processes that increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazards. Exposure is the process by which a person comes into contact with a hazard. Disaster will only occur if all three elements are present. Currently, damages are taken into consideration and accounted for more than the disaster itself. Engr. Banaguas proposes that LGUs can partner with the Risk can be contextualized in two forms. The first context is risk in academe in terms of probable casualties per year where hazards include drought, conducting risk assessment study tropical cyclones, storm surges and floods; exposure includes the population being in contact with said hazards; and vulnerability is the effect of said exposure to hazard such as the effect on the human development index and increased probability of poverty incidence.

Risk is also contextualized in terms of probable economic losses per year. Given the same hazards as the first context, exposure leads to lower food and environmental security, and vulnerability affects the gross domestic public (GDP) in terms of damages and losses.

To minimize risk caused by climate change, adaption and change is needed. Engr. Banaguas presented the findings of an impact assessment on Polilio Island, which is vulnerable to typhoons. The impact assessment used both the social scheme to ensure community participation, and technical scheme to ensure scientific validity of the study.

XI. CITY PRESENTATION: CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY

Environmental issues

 Illegal mining;  Illegal logging;  Water pollution;  Air pollution;

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 Solid waste disposal; and  Typhoon Sendong in 2011.

Current City Projects

 Intensive monitoring against illegal mining and logging;  Upland and coastal reforestation;  Closure and rehabilitation of the city dumpsite;  Creek Rehabilitation Project; and  Anti-smoke Belching Campaign.

Future projects Mr. Edwin Dael  GHG inventory recounts Cagayan de Oro City’s experience  Development of environmental database including during Typhoon environmental indicators and standards for the city Sendong in 2011  Strengthening of organizational capability through capacity building  Policy formulation o Environmental Code o Green Building Initiative

XII. TOPIC: PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF URBAN SYSTEMS BASED ON CLIMATE CHANGE

Session Description: This session detailed planning and management strategies for climate change adaptation in the urban context.

Session Resource Person

Ms. Elaine Lucero is the National Coordinator of the Ecowaste Coalition, a public interest organization promoting chemical safety and zero waste to protect human health and the environment.

Highlights

The Philippines is more highly urbanized than ever, presenting challenges in urban systems planning and management. In merely two decades, the national population grew from 60 million in 1990 to 94 million by 2010. City planners need to ensure that they are not limited by traditional planning. Solutions that address sustainability and include the green agenda as well as the impacts of climate change should be integrated into these plans. This stresses more the importance of a baseline study as groundwork of the plans.

There are institutional structures in place to ensure that LGUs include the climate change agenda and address urban environmental problems in city planning. However, there are a number of challenges in urban systems planning and management. These issues include capacity gaps; outdated and disjointed urban development policies and legal framework, particularly on land management public spaces and private sector participation; financial

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constraints of cities and municipalities; and vulnerability of cities to climate change, resulting in lack of resilience.

To address these concerns, Ms. Lucero presented ways to integrate climate change adaptation and mitigation in planning and management of urban system. These are:

 Integration of GHG emissions reduction strategies in urban planning and management;  Creation of green jobs;  Environmental rehabilitation that can enhance ecosystem services;  Expansion of access to energy through greening energy supplies;  Recycling initiatives;  Increase of recycling and practice waste segregation;  Development of a centralized land use database system with Ms. Lucero details how GIS mapping; Ecowaste Coalition can  Review of land use policies pertaining to land use classification provide assistance to and land conversions and introduction of transparent and LGUs accountable systems for awarding development permits;  Improvement of coordination between local government officials and representatives of regional and national government agencies;  Increase use of Environmental Impact Assessments and Strategic Environmental Assessments;  Inclusion of development environment linkages in urban/municipal/ national plans including in its fiscal budgets and environmental priorities;  Watershed LGUs should forge administrative and enforcement agreements over water resources management with National Agencies;  Introduction and adoption of the best available techniques and best environmental techniques in every level of planning and integration of technology;  Strengthen institutions and capacities to mainstream environment;  Sustained behavioral change by individuals, institutions and society; and  Underpinning each of these strategies with strong political support and commitment.

XIII. EXERCISE: SIMULATING WATER MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AGAINST THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE

Session Description: The participants identified the water management strategies against the impact of potential scenarios related to climate change.

Highlights

The participants were divided into four groups representing different sections, specifically (1) agriculture; (2) energy; (3) livestock; and (4) fisheries and forestry. The following mechanics were given to each group:

1. All sectors share water. 2. Each sector has its own objective to attain. 3. Each sector provides service to the community.

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4. Each contributes income to the community. 5. Each contributes pollution and degradation of the environment.

Each group identified impacts and solutions for two scenarios. In scenario 1, an increase in population resulted in an increase in demand for food. In scenario 2, the El Niño climate phenomena caused less surface runoff and subsequently contaminated water source. Each sector described potential impacts of the scenarios to overall objective of the sector and presented solutions to address said potential impacts.

Outputs

Table 1. Output of the Agriculture Sector Group

Scenario 1. Increase in population Impacts: Solutions:  Increase H2O demand to 12%  Provide infrastructure such as water  Increase number of available labor impounding/reservoir force  Use effective farming technologies  Increase productivity of 70% farm  Develop wastewater treatment facility lands  Crop rotation  Increase water pollution  Policy on land conversion  Reduce soil fertility

Scenario 2. El Niño Impacts: Solutions:  Reduce water supply  Drought resistant agricultural crops  Continue capacitation  Upland micro catchment

Table 2. Output of the Energy Sector Group

Scenario 1. Increase in population Impacts: Solutions:  Power shortage  Explore public–private partnership options  Utilization of land and resources  Encourage use of renewable energy thru biogas during construction of additional technology power plant, utilization of additional water during operation  Likelihood that cost of electricity will increase  Competition with other sectors on water shortage Scenario 2. El Niño Impacts: Solutions:  Regular power/electric supply  Rotating scheduled brownouts interruptions  Encourage use of renewable energy thru biogas  Store water technology  Coordination with Water District and other stakeholders on the proper water usage/shared usage of water  IEC on water conservation

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Table 3. Output of the Livestock and Fisheries Sector Group

Scenario Impact Solutions/Actions Scenario 1. Increased Demand  Uses 25% of the main  Water recycling water basin for meat technology production  Construction of rainwater catchment  Constitute 80% of income Increase of household income source of household  About 60% of the local  Affect other labor force sectors  Regulate labor force labor force is involved in due to increase increase, distribution livestock and fishery  Need for more working hours, affect health  Maximum fish stock per  Tendency to go beyond carrying  Regulate rearing cage rearing cage has been capacity construction achieved  Poor fish quality  Monitor fish stock population  Major impediment to  Poorer water quality due to  Regulate fishing optimum fish production overfishing/increase in fish cages is water quality  Major impediment to  Poor feeds quality  Quality control optimum livestock  Poor livestock quality Cheaper  Water recycling production is source of prices  Production limits quality feeds Scenario 2. El Niño  20% reduction in rain  Less water for feeding and  Water recycling cleaning technology  Lower production  Alternative livelihood  Lesser fish supply programs  Lesser income for fishers and  Reuse of water growers

Table 4. Output of the Forestry Group

Impact Solution Scenario 1. Increased Demand  Informal settlers move to upland = lack of health  Proper resettlement areas. service facilities  Increase in demand for the basic needs (food,  Installation of hydro-electric power plants water, shelter, power) = price hike in food and for energy and to prevent flooding = commodities = poor lifestyle increase in investments; high demand on employment  Cutting of trees = flooding; soil erosion; landslide;  Strict implementation of forest protection laws  Less shelter for the different species (birds,  Strict implementation of forest protection animals etc.) = migration; extinction; laws  Change of land use from forest to agriculture = to  Strict implementation of zoning ordinance compensate for the increase of food demand Scenario 2. El Niño

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Impact Solution  Decrease in hydro-electric power supply  Build water reservoir to maintain adequate water supply; use of other renewable energy source (e.g. solar)  Decrease in supply of food and potable water  Technological advancement in producing high yielding crops  Reduction on local income  Create other livelihood programs  Forest fire  Forest rehabilitation  Migration of animals  Strict implementation of forest protection laws

Day 3 – June 23, 2016

XIV. FIELD CASE STUDY: HAZARD VULNERABILITY ISSUES AND ADAPTATION RESPONSE MAPPING IN BARANGAY PALLOCAN WEST, BATANGAS CITY

Introduction of Pallocan West

Representatives of the Barangay DRRMC presented the Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (BDRRMP) of Pallocan West.

The Plan aims to put in place strategic programs, including but not limited to small to medium infrastructure or engineering maintenance, in pre-identified areas in the barangay that are most susceptible to the inherent and indispensable dangers brought by natural calamities in spite of constructed Representatives of the Barangay DRRMC of safeguards. Barangay Pallocan West present the details of the BDRRMP The Plan is likewise complemented by initiatives to engage with stakeholders who reside near man-made or natural storm waterways or the Calumpang Riverbank itself and a comprehensive module on response and recovery aligned with the city’s overall Disaster Management Program.

Mechanics of the Field Activity

The participants were divided into two groups. The East Group visited the east section of the barangay, while the West Group toured the west section of the barangay.

Using the Field Activity Guide (see Annex F), each group observed their designated areas in terms of the following aspects:

 Physical environment (natural vegetation, trees, water sources)

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 Infrastructure facilities and structures (lifeline facilities)  Communities and settlements (type of houses, sanitation and waste management)  Adaptation mechanisms in place (observable mechanisms or systems to mitigate hazards)

The participants’ observations were later used as inputs to identify causality chains and recommended adaptation strategies.

Presentation of Results

Participants presented their impact chain analysis of the areas in the barangay to Barangay DRRMC members. The biggest challenge that the western portion of the barangay faces is the flooding after heavy and prolonged rainfall. Because of problems related to flood control, there have been times that the flood causes roads to become impassable. In some portions of the area, the water level surpasses the height of an average person. Both groups found that the main causes of flooding are erosion, siltation and overflow. The participants identified direct effects of flooding that include damage to property, destruction of props and livelihood, decrease of family The West Group identify the disappearing easement zone in Calumpang River as the cause of income, rise in criminality and decrease in city flooding revenues. Socio-economic impacts identified are land depreciation and stoppage of business activities.

Outputs

Table 5. Output of the East Group

Issue  Cause(s)  Effects Flooding Low lying areas Socio-economic (direct) Heavy rainfall  Damage to properties Poor drainage system  Land depreciation Constricted Garbage  Health and sanitation water ways Informal settlers (indirect) Unfinished dikes  Loss of income Siltation Environmental  Water pollution  Damage to land (erosion)

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Adaptive mechanisms  Regular and periodic de-siltation  Relocation of informal settlers and structures  Improvement towards comprehensive drainage systems and flood control structures  Install additional early warning device  Strengthen IEC for community preparedness and solid waste management  Land use and development regulations

Figure 1. Output of the West Group

Table 6. Recommendations of the West Group

Recommendations Improvement of drainage system Riverbank stabilization (bioengineering) Upland and coastal reforestation Regulate extraction of sand Continue structure of dikes Additional early warning device Dredging of river and creek Elevate utilities (telephone box) Community-based EWS No parking policy on narrow roads (for emergency response) Strictly enforce “no build zone” Regular info-campaign Strict implementation of zoning ordinance Allocate funds to the barangay

Consolidating the recommendations from the two groups, the participants proposed the following solutions to decrease possibility and impact of flooding:

 Reforestation;  Continuous development of dikes;  Bridging of river and creeks;

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 Strict implementation of zoning;  Stabilization of river banks;  Regulate extraction of sand from river beds;  No parking policy in identified areas; and  Maintain information campaign.

XV. TOPIC: INTEGRATING GENDER EQUALITY AND SOCIAL INCLUSION (GESI) PERSPECTIVES IN CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION PLANS

Session Description: The session presented strategies to ensure gender-responsive climate change adaptation plans.

Session Resource Person

Ms. Gichelle Cruz is the USAID SURGE Gender Specialist.

Highlights Ms. Cruz discusses the There are international and national systems in place to ensure six steps in making a gender equality and social inclusion (GESI) in the society. GESI is gender-responsive plan present in the nine conditions of human needs-centered development: low levels of material poverty, low levels of unemployment, equality, democratization of political life, true national independence, adequate educational levels, equal status and inclusive participation, sustainable ability to meet future needs, and human security.

Climate change and disasters have an effect on different genders. For example, men do not leave their houses during evacuations and pregnancies increase in resettlement areas. Gender concerns have to be addressed by including the GESI agenda in the climate change adaptation plans. To promote social inclusion, it is important not to stop with awareness and continue on to building community capacities to address gender issues.

Ms. Cruz presented six steps in drawing up a gender-responsive plan: 1. Set a gender-responsive vision 2. Undertake ecological profiling 3. Conduct gender analysis; identify gender and other related issues 4. Set gender-responsive goals, objectives and targets 5. Identify gender-responsive policies, legislations, programs and projects 6. Formulate gender-responsive investment programs and budget

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Annex 4. Photo Documentation

(Left) USAID Urban Planning Specialist Marian Cruz-Navata welcomes the participants. (Right) Cagayan de Oro CENRO OIC Edwin I. Dael (left) and Puerto Princesa Senior Environmental Management Specialist Manuelito R. Ramos (right) share their similar issues and challenges in urban environmental and natural resource planning

(Left) Batangas CENRO Oliver Gonzales shares how the local environment office coordinates with national agencies to carry out its devolved functions. (RIGHT) CENROs from the cities of Iloilo and Puerto Princesa engage in a simulation exercise on water management

City Environment and Natural Resource Officers from USAID CDI's six partner cities--Batangas, Cagayan USAIDde Oro, Strengthening Iloilo, Puerto Urban Prin Resiliencecesa, Tagbilaran for Growth and with Zamboanga Equity (SURGE) Project Page 29 Report on Promoting Urban Resilience Workshop, September 29, 2016

Annex 5. Visual Aids/Presentation

Refer to the electronic copies of the presentations sent with this report.

Annex 6. Summary of Evaluation/Feedback Form

The participants were asked to answer a post-assessment tool to rate the workshop at the end of three days. The tool was meant to measure each topic’s relevance, and applicability to their business/work. Participants were also asked to provide insights.

Overall, the group gave the three-day conference high marks. They were very pleased to have listened to a panel of experts. They were also grateful that USAID SURGE initiated this even which allowed them to collaborate and learn from one another’s good practices. However, participants wanted more time for group discussions and open forum.

Pre- and Post-Assessment Survey

Fifteen (15) participants responded to the pre-assessment survey while twenty-six (26) completed the post-assessment survey. In both tools, respondents are asked to rate their knowledge and skills level in relation to given competencies. There is a significant increase in the capacity level post-workshop as shown in the comparisons below.

Basic ecological concepts and ENR Management Pre-assessment: 26.67% graded themselves 3; 53.33% graded themselves 4; and 20% graded themselves 5. Post-assessment: 4.3% graded themselves 2; 21.7% graded themselves 3; 43.5% graded themselves 4; 17.4% graded themselves 5; and 13% graded themselves 6.

Devolution of ENR functions Pre-assessment: 6.67% graded themselves 2 and 3, 60% graded themselves 4, 20% graded themselves 5, and 6.67% graded themselves 6.

Post-assessment: 17.4% graded themselves 3, 26.1% graded themselves 4, 38.4% graded themselves 5 and 21.7% graded themselves 6.

Planning and management of NRM systems within the realm of climate change Pre-assessment: 6.67% graded themselves 2; 20% graded themselves 3; 60% graded themselves 4; and 13.33% graded themselves 5. Post-assessment: 26.1% graded themselves 3; 39.1% graded themselves 4; 26.1% graded themselves 5; and 8.7% graded themselves 6.

Local Emission Local Development Strategies and Green Development Planning (GHG Inventory Guidelines) Pre-assessment: 6.67% graded themselves 2; 60% graded themselves 3; 20% graded themselves 4; and 13.33% graded themselves 5. Post-assessment: 21.7% graded themselves 3; 39.1% graded themselves 4; 34.8 graded themselves 5; and 4.3% graded themselves 6.

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Environmental laws, policies and treaties Pre-assessment: 26.67% graded themselves 2; 20% graded themselves 3; 60% graded themselves 4; and 13.33% graded themselves 5. Post-assessment: 26.1% graded themselves 3; 47.8% graded themselves 4; 17.4% graded themselves 5; and 8.7% graded themselves 6.

Climate science, methods for local and pragmatic climate risk analysis Pre-assessment: 6.67% graded themselves 2; 60% graded themselves 3; 20% graded themselves 4; and 13.33% graded themselves 5. Post-assessment: 4.3% graded themselves 2; 39.1% graded themselves 3; 26.1% graded themselves 4; 21.7% graded themselves 5; and 8.7% graded themselves 6.

Hazard vulnerability and adaptation response Pre-assessment: 60% graded themselves 3; 33.33% graded themselves 5; and 6.67% graded themselves 6. Post-assessment: 39.1% graded themselves 3; 26.1% graded themselves 4; 13% graded themselves 5; and 21.7% graded themselves 6.

Integrating gender equality and social inclusion perspective in climate change adaptation plans Pre-assessment: Not included in pre-assessment tool Post-assessment: 38.4% graded themselves 3; 38.4% graded themselves 4; 26.1% graded themselves 5; and 4.3% graded themselves 6.

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Annex 6. Field Activity Guide

Field case study Hazard vulnerability issues and adaptation response mapping

Barangay Pallocan West, Batangas City June 23, 2016

Batangas City

VISION

A well-diversified agro-industrial and ICT center and international gateway, with a tourist-friendly and safe environment and quality infrastructure, powered by a globally-competitive citizenry and inspired by transparent, firm and fair leadership towards sustainable development.

MISSION

STAR Toll Way to Port Diversion Road MANILA

San Isidro to STAR By-pass Road

Blue outline: Serviced by BCWD

Legend

Urban_Barangays Water Sources Sum of Fields

2,4002400

Artesian_DArtesian Deep (Own) Artesian_1Artesian Deep (Shared) Artesian_SArtesian Shallow (Own) Climate information Artesian_2 Artesian Shallow (Shared) Bottled_PuBottled Temperature: 33 deg C CommunityCommunity Water (Own) Dry months: November to April (50mm/ Communit_1Community Water month) (Shared

Wet months: June to September (275mm/ month) Typhoon season: July to December 34

Pallocan West Classification: Suburban Barangay Land Area: 108.0384 hectares Total Population 2,575 Climate: Dry season during the months of January to April and rainy season from May to December Number of Families 706 General Land Use: Changed from agricultural to commercial Male 1269 starting in 2004 to present. Approximately, there is 15 hectares of commercial and industrial establishment. Female 1306 Persons with 17 Critical Establishments: Disabilities Barangay Pallocan West has three schools. A public elementary school, Jose C. Pastor Elementary School and two privately-run Children 334 schools namely, St. Therese of the Child Jesus Multiple Intelligence Senior Citizen 257 School and Carmel School of Batangas. It also houses major business establishments like SM City Batangas, Days Hotel, Ford Philippines, Citi Hardware, Meralco, Inc. as well as banks like BPI, BDO, PS Bank, Security Bank, Cooperative Bank, China Savings Bank, and restaurants like Jamaena’s, Savory, F. Baylosis, Shakey’s Pizza, Yellow Cab Pizza, Marina Seafood Restaurant, Big Mike’s Grill, Euphoria Bar. Some government agencies like the Register of Deeds, Hall of Justice and Integrated Bar of the Philippines are also located in the barangay. There are also health institutions such as the Manuela Lying-in Clinic.

Hazard History: In 1982, during the occurrence of Typhoon Susang, Calumpang river overflowed and flooded the whole barangay. Roadways were under water. The flood destroyed the wooden bridge and some residences, killed important livestock and led to evacuation of some residents. Health and sanitation of residents especially children became major problems as cases of fever and diarrhea proliferated. Ever since, floods were continuously experienced with heavy rain or typhoon events because of poor drainage systems. Last July 16, 2014, the barangay was put a state of calamity by Typhoon Glenda. Calumpang bridge’s base foundation and a part of the dike along Sitio Ilaya were destroyed. Twenty-one families consisting of 95 individuals were evacuated to Gulod Elementary School. Seven houses were damaged totally and 16 houses partially.