Archaeology Reports Referred to in Section 65.1 of the Ontario Heritage Act
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Stage 1 Archaeological Resource Assessment of 900 Dufferin Street (Part of Park Lot 29, Concession 1 From the Bay) City of Toronto, Ontario ORIGINAL REPORT Prepared for: PHA Project Management Inc. 128 Chisholm Street, Oakville ON L6K 3J2 Tel. : 905-847-5374 Fax : N/A Archaeological Licence P1030 (Beales) MTCS PIF P1030-0010-2017 ASI File 17PL-178 2 August, 2017 Archaeological & Cultural ASI H e r i t a g e S e r v i c e s 528 Bathurst Street Toronto, ONTARIO M5S 2P9 416-966-1069 F 416-966-9723 asiheritage.ca Stage 1 Archaeological Resource Assessment of 900 Dufferin Street (Part of Park Lot 29, Concession 1 From the Bay) City of Toronto, Ontario EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Stage 1 Archaeological Resource Assessment of 900 Dufferin Street in the City of Toronto has been carried out in advance of an application for its proposed redevelopment. The assessment entailed consideration of the proximity of previously registered archaeological sites, the original environmental setting of the property, and its nineteenth- and twentieth-century development history. This research has led to the conclusion that there is no potential for the presence of significant precontact or Euro-Canadian archaeological resources that may be impacted by site preparation or construction activities necessitated by the proposed redevelopment. Accordingly, this report recommends that the undertaking be cleared of any further archaeological concern, with the proviso that the appropriate authorities must be notified should deeply buried archaeological or human remains be encountered during any future work on the property. ASI Stage 1 Archaeological Resource Assessment of 900 Dufferin Street City of Toronto, Ontario Page ii ARCHAEOLOGICAL SERVICES INC. PROJECT PERSONNEL Project Manager: David Robertson, MA Partner - Director, Planning Assessment Division Project and Field Director: Eric Beales, MA (P1030) Archaeologist & Project Manager, Planning Assessment Division Archival Research: Brian Narhi, MA Project Historian Report Preparation: Eric Beales Report Review: David Robertson ASI Stage 1 Archaeological Resource Assessment of 900 Dufferin Street City of Toronto, Ontario Page iii TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................................... i PROJECT PERSONNEL ...................................................................................................................................... ii 1.0 PROJECT CONTEXT .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT ...................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 HISTORICAL CONTEXT ........................................................................................................................ 1 2.1 THE NINETEENTH-AND TWENTIETH-CENTURY DEVELOPMENT OF THE SUBJECT PROPERTY ........................................ 1 Village of Brockton ................................................................................................................................. 2 Park Lot 29 Concession 1 From the Bay (FTB) ........................................................................................... 3 Dufferin Race Track ................................................................................................................................. 8 City Directories ....................................................................................................................................... 9 2.2 HISTORICAL MAP SOURCES ................................................................................................................. 13 3.0 ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXT ............................................................................................................. 14 3.2 PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH ................................................................................................ 14 3.3 THE PREDEVELOPMENT LANDSCAPE AND MODELLING INDIGENOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCE POTENTIAL ............. 15 3.4 PROPERTY INSPECTION AND EXISTING CONDITIONS ................................................................................... 16 4.0 ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSIONS ......................................................................................................... 16 4.1 INDIGENOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCE POTENTIAL ............................................................................... 16 4.2 EURO-CANADIAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCE POTENTIAL ......................................................................... 16 5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................................................................... 18 6.0 ADVICE ON COMPLIANCE WITH LEGISLATION .................................................................................... 18 7.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY AND SOURCES.......................................................................................................... 19 8.0 IMAGES ........................................................................................................................................... 23 9.0 MAPS .............................................................................................................................................. 25 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Registered Archaeological Sites within an Approximate 1 km Radius of the Subject Property ............. 15 LIST OF IMAGES Plate 1: 1930s aerial photograph showing subject property within Dufferin Track (Toronto Archives).............. 23 Plate 2: Grand Stand and finishing line at the Dufferin Track, ca. 1910 (Toronto Archives) .............................. 23 Plate 3: Current conditions of the 900 Dufferin Street subject property (Google 2016). .................................. 24 LIST OF MAPS Figure 1: The location of the 900 Dufferin Street subject property. ................................................................. 25 Figure 2: The nineteenth- and twentieth-century development of the 900 Dufferin Street subject property. .... 26 Figure 3: Stage 1 Archaeological Resource Assessment of the 900 Dufferin Street subject property – existing conditions and assessment of archaeological potential. ............................................................................... 27 ASI Stage 1 Archaeological Resource Assessment of 900 Dufferin Street City of Toronto, Ontario Page 1 1.0 PROJECT CONTEXT 1.1 Development Context ASI was retained by PHA Project Management Inc. to conduct a Stage 1 Archaeological Resource Assessment of the proposed redevelopment of 900 Dufferin Street, at the southwest corner of Dufferin Street and Croatia Street in the City of Toronto (Figure 1). The subject property encompasses approximately 2.75 hectares and consists of the northern 0.9 hectares of Dufferin Mall, a single-storey fast food restaurant, and approximately 1.85 hectares of associated asphalted parking lot and roads. The property is identified as being an area of archaeological potential by the City of Toronto Archaeological Management Plan (cf. ASI 2004). This assessment, required as a condition of an application to redevelop the property, was conducted under the project management of David Robertson and project and field direction of Eric Beales (MTCS PIF #P1030-0010-2017), as required by the Ontario Planning Act. All activities carried out during this assessment were completed in accordance with the terms of the Ontario Heritage Act and the Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport’s 2011 Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists (MTC 2011). Permission to access the subject property and to carry out all necessary activities necessary for the completion of the assessment was granted on June 8, 2017. 2.0 HISTORICAL CONTEXT 2.1 The Nineteenth-and Twentieth-Century Development of the Subject Property The subject property is located at 900 Dufferin Street in the City of Toronto. The subject property was originally located on Park Lot 29, Concession 1 From the Bay (FTB) in York Township. This property was converted to Land Titles Qualified in April 2003 and forms PIN 21309-0001. The land which comprises the former York Township was alienated by the British from the native Mississaugas by provisional treaty number 13, known as the “Toronto Purchase,” dated at the Bay of Quinte on September 23, 1787. Due to certain irregularities contained in the original document, this purchase was confirmed by a second treaty dated August 1, 1805. Between 1784 and 1792, this part of southern Ontario formed a part of the judicial District of Montreal in the Province of Quebec (Anonymous 1891:32-35). The first township survey was undertaken by Augustus Jones in 1791, when the base line was established. The name proposed for this tract of land was “Dublin Township.” Two surveys for a town plot at Toronto had been made by Gother Mann and Alexander Aitkin as early as 1788. These plans were not used, and a new survey for the Town of York was undertaken by Alexander Aitkin in the summer of 1793. This plan consisted of just ten blocks, bounded by George, Adelaide, Parliament and Front streets. By the summer of 1797, the survey of the town had been enlarged and included land as far north as Lot (Queen) Street, and westward to Peter Street (Firth 1962:11, 21; Winearls 1991:591). The town and township were re-named ”York” by Lieutenant-Governor John Graves Simcoe in 1792, either