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World Meteorological Organization Annual Report

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World Meteorological Organization Annual Report WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION ANNUAL REPORT OF THE WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION 1985 WMO - No. 656 Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization - Geneva - Switzerland 1986 © 1986, WOI'ld Meteorological Organization ISBN 92-63-10656-8 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. CONTENTS Foreword ............................................................. XIII List of abbreviations •••••.••••.••.••.....•..••...••..••••.•.••.•••••• XV PART 1 - GENERAL REVIEW Introduction 1 General .............................................................. 1 Second Long-term Plan •••.•.•.••.•..•..•••••..•.•...•.•....•.••..•.•.•• 1 Meeting of the presidents of technical commissions •••.•..•...•.....••. 2 Other activities •••.••...••••••.••.•...••.•.••.•.•.••.••••...••...•.•• 2 World -------Weather Watch .••••••••.••...••••.•.•••••..•••.....•.••.•..•.•••. 2 ~oEIQ gl!.m~t~ ~r2gEa~~ ..••.•••.••...•.•.....••••••••......•.••.•..••• 4 5 6 8 8 9 10 PART 2 - WORLD WEATHER WATCH !n!:r2d~:!c!:i2n ...•.••.•••...•......•......•.•......•.•..•.•.....•..•.••. 12 13 !n!:egr~t~d_~_Sys!:e~ ~t!:!dy •....•.•.....•....•........•...........•.•. 14 Conduct of ISS .•.••.•..•.•.•••..•....•..•.•.•..•..•.•...•....•...•.•.• 14 The draft WWW Plan •.•.•.•••..••••...•...•.....•..•....••..••.•....•.•• 15 IV CONTENTS The draft WWW Implementation Programme ........•...................•.•• 16 Optimized observing systems ........................................... 16 General 17 Review of the activities of WMO constituent bodies relating to the GOS 18 Implementation of the various components of the GOS 19 Surface-based sub-system ..........................................•... 19 Space-based sub-system ......•••..•••...............••....... -. • . 25 General ....•...................................................•••.... 27 Publication of GDPS regulatory and guidance material.................. 28 Activities of the CBS Working Group on the GDPS and the Working Group on Codes.... • • . • • • • 28 Regional activities related to the GDPS and codes .................•.•• 32 Antarctic meteorology ...•.....•..•.•••..............•.............••.• 32 General 32 Review of the activities of WMO constituent bodies relating to the GTS 33 Implementation of the Global Telecommunication System •..••..•••....... 35 Implementation of non-rea I-time monitoring surveys .................... 39 Annual global moni tor ing ..............•...••...•...................•.. 39 WWW operational information service ................................... 43 Introduction .........................•............................•..• 43 General component ...•...•...............•...•......................... 44 Regional component ......•..•..••........•.........••.......•••........ 45 CONTENTS v ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee 46 WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones .................................. 47 RA I Tropical Cyclone Committee for the South-west Indian Ocean. ...... 47 RA IV Hurricane Committee ............................................. 48 Co-operation with other organizations ........................... ...... 49 General ............................................................... 49 Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observation .......... ....... 50 Activities of CIMO working groups 51 Organization of international and regional comparisons ................ 51 Third WMO Technical Conference on Instruments and Methods of Observation .........................................•............... 52 Training Workshop for Instrument Specialists ................... ....... 52 PART 3 - WORLD CLIMATE PROGRAMME Introduction .......................................................... 53 ----------------Overall co-ordination of the WCP .......•....................... ....... 53 ~o£IQ gl~m~t~ Qa~a_P£og:r~~e .......................................... 56 Plan for the WCDP ..................................................... 56 WCDP implementation ................................................... 56 Data and exchange requirements ................................. .... ... 57 Assistance to countries to improve/upgrade climate data management systems/services (national, sub-regional, regional) 57 DARE (data rescue) 58 CLICOM transfer of technology in climate data processing and user services ............................................................ 58 VI CONTENTS INFOCLIMA (referral information on climate data sources, data sets and station networks) ........••..........•..................••.......... 59 Climate system monitoring (CSM) ..................................•.•.. 59 Reference global climate data set (CLIREF) ......•....................• 59 ~o!:l~ gl!.m~t~ ~P.el!.c~tiO!!s_P!:ogr~IIl!!!e .................................. 60 WCAP - Food and WCAP - Water .......................................... 60 WCAP - Energy ..•..........••............................•............. 60 Urban and building climatology ........................................ 62 Climate and human health ......•................•......•............... 62 Climatic atlases ..............••...•.................................. 63 World Weather Records •...........•••..•..•...........•................ 63 ~o!:l~ glim~t~ ge~e~r~h_P!:ogr~~e ........•..•.......................... 64 Introduction ......................................•........•.....•.... 64 Global climate analysis and model development ......'. • . 65 Research on climate processes •..•..........................•.......... 67 Study of the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere (TOGA) .............. 68 World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) ........••....•...•....•..... 70 S'tudy of climate forcings ..........•................•...•............• 71 PART 4 - RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME Introduction ........................................................•.. 74 General ............................................................... 74 Short- and medium-range weather~prediction research ................... 75 Long-range weather forecasting research ............................... 16 '!'r2pic~1_m~t~o!:o!og:y .•....•...............•........................... 77 CONTENTS VII CAS Working Group on Atmospheric Chemistry and Air Pollution .......... 78 Background Air Pollution Monitoring Network (BAPMoN) .................. 79 Transport and dispension of atmospheric pollutants on different time and space scales .................................................... 79 Exchange of pollutants between various environmental compartments and integrated monitoring ................................................ 80 Support to the global ozone observing system •................. ........ 80 Weather modification research ......................................... 80 §.uI2p2r:!:.i!!g_a~t!.vit!.e~ .........................•....................... 81 Conference on the Results of the Global Weather Experiment and Their Implications for the World Weather Watch (Geneva, May 1985) ..•.•.•.• 81 Scientific Conference on the Results of the Alpine Experiment (ALPEX) (Venice, October 1985) ...•..•••.•.........•.•..•...••.•.••...•....•. 82 PART 5 - APPLICATIONS OF METEOROLOGY PROGRAMME Introduction .........•................................................ 83 General ........................•......................•............... 83 Commission for Agricultural Meteorology 83 Medium-term missions in agrometeorology 84 Roving seminars ...............................•....................... 85 Symposium .............................................•....•.......... 85 Training course ....................................................... 85 Workshops ............................................................. 85 Seminar ............................................................... 85 Co-operation with other international organizations ................... 86 Fisheries .....................................•..............•........ 86 Regional activities in agrometeorology .........................•....•. 86 VIII CONTENTS Drought and desertification •.......................••.....••...•...••. 87 Publications .................•...........•...........•.........•...... 87 Introduction ............................••.........•................•. 88 Commission for Marine Meteorology .............•....................... 88 Marine meteorological services ..........................•......•...... 88 Marine climatology ......................••.•......•............•••..•. 89 Marine t,elecommunications ..................•...•..........•......•.... 89 Sea ice .......................................•....................... 90 Specialized education and training activities in the field of marine meteorology ......................................................... 91 Techniques for marine observation and forecasting .....•••........•..•. 91 Publ ica tions. • . • . • . • . 92 The Second Long-term Plan 92 Contribution to the Ocean Observing Systems Development Programme ...•. 92 Drifting Buoy Co-operation Panel ..............•...............•..•.... 93 Ocean acti vi ties .................•......................•........•.... 93 Integrated Global Ocean Services System •......................•....... 93 General .................•......•...................................... 96 Commission for Aeronautical
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