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Arid Environments Journal of Arid Environments Vol Journal of 149 Volume 149 February 2018 ISSN 0140-1963 Arid Environments ) 2018 ( 149 Vol. Arid Environments Journal of Volume 149 February 2018 Special Issue on Women in Drylands: Barriers and Benefits for Sustainable Livelihoods Guest Editors: Dr Sarab Abu-Rabia-Queder and Dr Avigail Morris Contents Women in Drylands: Barriers and Benefi ts for Exploring the potential of household methodologies to Sustainable Livelihood strengthen gender equality and improve smallholder Abu-Rabia-Queder, S. & Morris, A. 1 livelihoods: Research in Malawi in maize-based Vulnerability of women to climate change in arid and systems semi-arid regions: The case of India and South Asia Farnworth, C.R. , Stirling, C.S. , Chinyophiro, A. , Yadav, S.S. & Lal, R. 2 Namakhoma, A. & Morahan, R. 51 Women's food security and conservation farming in The connective strategies of Bedouin women Zaka District-Zimbabwe entrepreneurs in the Negev Hove, M. & Gweme, T. 16 Biernacka, A. , Abu-Rabia-Queder, S. & Kressel, G.M. 60 Purdah, purse and patriarchy: The position of women in the Raika shepherd community in Rajasthan (India) The suburbanization of rural life in an arid and rocky Köhler-Rollefson, I. 28 village in western Turkey Hart, K. 71 Warlpiri experiences highlight challenges and opportunities for gender equity in Indigenous The economy of survival: Bedouin women in conservation management in arid Australia unrecognized villages Davies, J. , Walker, J. & Maru, Y.T. 38 Abu-Rabia-Queder, S. , Morris, A. & Ryan, R. 78 Special Issue: Women in Drylands: Barriers and Benefi ts for Sustainable Livelihoods The Internet home page for Journal of Arid Environments can be found at: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jaridenv Abstracted/indexed in: Abstracts and citation database SCOPUS®. Full text available on ScienceDirect®. Special Issue Women in Drylands: Barriers and Benefits for Sustainable Livelihoods Guest Editors: Dr Sarab Abu-Rabia-Queder and Dr Avigail Morris ELSEVIER Printed by Henry Ling Ltd, The Dorset Press, Dorchester, UK 0140-1963(201802)149:C;1-H Journal of Arid Environments Editor Emeritus: Professor J.L. Cloudsley-Thompson Editor in Chief Professor Damián Ravetta Museo Egidio Feruglio CONICET, Fontana 140 Trelew (9100), Chubut, Argentina (Inquiries and submissions to: Elsevier Ltd., Stover Court, Bampfylde Street, Exeter, Devon, EX1 2AH, United Kingdom. Tel.: +44 (0) 1392 285800; Fax: +44 (0) 1392 425370 Email: [email protected]) Associate Editors C. Armas Estación Experimental Zonas Áridas, Almería, Spain D.Eldridge University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia L.K. Horwitz Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel M. Sternberg Tel Aviv University, Israel D.S.G. Thomas University of Oxford, Oxford, UK E.R. Vivoni Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA L. Wang Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, Indiana, USA Consulting Editors T. Luo Y. Bai Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China R. Boone M.E. Meadows Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa J.S. Carrion F.M. Padilla Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain University of Almería, La Cañada, Almería, Spain A. Cibils New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA F. Parrini N. Drake University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa King’s College London, London, UK B. Roundy J. Garatuza Brigham Young University, Provo, USA Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Cd. Obregon, Son., Mexico N. Lancaster S. Soliveres Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada, USA Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain Editorial Board Dr S. Archer Professor C.F. Hutchinson University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA Professor R. Balling, Jr Dr F.M. Jaksic Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA Pontifi cia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile Dr K.H. Berry Dr E.G. Jobba´gy U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Moreno Valley, California, USA Grupo de Estudios Ambientales, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Dr B.T. Bestelmeyer San Luis, Argentina New Mexico State University, La Cruces, New Mexico, USA Dr G.I.H. Kerley Professor J.N. Blignaut University of Pretoria, Derdepark, South Africa Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa Dr D. Burnside Professor K.T. Killingbeck URS Corporation, East Perth, Western Australia, Australia University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA Dr W.R.J. Dean Dr S.R. Morton Mendeley Institutional Edition University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa CSIRO (The Commonwealth Scientifi c and Industrial Research Professor M.J. Delany Organization), Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia University of Bradford, Bradford, UK Dr M.K. Seely Dr D.L. Dunkerley Gobabel Research and Training Centre, Walvis Bay, Namibia Mendeley Institutional Edition is the enterprise edition of Elsevier’s leading Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Dr P. Shaw Ing. J.C. Guevara workflow tool with which 6+ million registered users engage to manage their University of The West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago research references, measure performance of their publications, showcase their Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas, Dr F. Tiver Mendoza, Argentina work, stay up to date on research trends and discoveries, store datasets and find University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia Professor H. Heatwole opportunities with the insights and management capabilities that Institutions need Professor W.G. Whitford North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA to help researchers progress their research achieve their and the institution’s goals. Dr J. Henschel New Mexico State University, La Cruces, New Mexico, USA South African Environmental Observation Network, Kimberley, Dr B. Wu Trusted and used buy 600+ institutions worldwide www.elsevier.com/ South Africa Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Beijing, China solutions/mendeley Professor M.T. Hoffman Dr X.P. Yang University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS: ISSN 0140-1963. Journal of Arid Environments 149 (2018) 1–3 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Arid Environments journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jaridenv Editorial fi Women in Drylands: Barriers and Bene ts for Sustainable Livelihoods T Arid regions are most often characterized as geographical areas which lack environmental resources for a secure livelihood. As a result, many communities living in the arid areas of the world suffer from conditions of poverty and economic crises. Women from poor and less developed countries are those who usually pay the price of unequal access to natural and economic resources. Their inferiority is not only manifested in economic marginality but also intersects with other aspects of inequality such as ethnicity, status, age, patriarchal order and state policies which consequently lead to multiple inequality and marginality in accessing resources for a sufficient livelihood (Figs. 1 and 2). The aim of this special issue is to highlight the livelihoods of women in arid regions focusing on both the social, political, economic and ecological barriers that women encounter and the strategies they use to overcome them. The eight papers presented in this Special Issue of Journal of Arid Environments,offer a variety of case studies from around the globe. Each article relates to different challenges/barriers that women face in providing for their families and offers a descriptive analysis of the strategies women use to adapt to and/or overcome these challenges in a changing society. A major theme which appears throughout all of the papers in this volume has been the variety of ways in which women who live in harsh arid environments rely on their cultural and ecological knowledge in an attempt to sustain both themselves and their families. Many of the barriers that they face are not only due to ecological factors but to social and political interventions such as development projects and state policies. In an attempt to improve the quality of life for women through promoting gender equality these programs and policies often misrepresent these same women and undermine cultural and ecological knowledge essential for maintaining a sustainable lifestyle. These women are frequently perceived in western literature, as culturally oppressed and as victims of patriarchy. As a result their traditional roles within their family and community are often perceived as oppressive rather than empowering. This western prism tends to place these women who practice very different lifestyles as farmers, pastoralists, and past nomads as one homogeneous group. The issue begins with Yadav and Lal’s paper which uses support from a wide range of literature to outline the severe impact of climate change on women in developing countries. Emphasis is placed not only on the hardships women face as a result of climate change but also on the ways in which many of these women are using their traditional knowledge, experience and expertise, to adjust to these ecological changes. Yadav and Lal suggest that NGOs, governments and other development organizations can and do encourage women to create “climate-smart households”, advance “eco- efficiency” through the development of traditional knowledge, reinforce social networking, and manage sustainable systems. Although
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