SPANISH JOURNAL OF LEGISLATIVE STUDIES ISSN 2695-5792 2020. Artículo 6 FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION IN SOCIAL MEDIA AND CRIMINALIZATION OF HATE SPEECH IN SPAIN: EVOLUTION, IMPACT AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF NORMATIVE COMPLIANCE AND SELF-CENSORSHIP1 Fernando Miró-Llinares Full Professor of Criminal Law Miguel Hernández University of Elche Correspondence:
[email protected] Ana B. Gómez-Bellvís2 Researcher FPI at CRÍMINA Centre for the study and prevention of crime Miguel Hernández University of Elche Correspondence:
[email protected] How to cite this paper Miró-Llinares, Fernando and Gómez-Bellvís, Ana B. (2020): Freedom of expression in social media and criminalization of hate speech in Spain: Evolution, impact and empirical analysis of normative compilance and self-censorship. Spanish Journal of Legislative Studies. (1), p 1-42 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21134/sjls.v0i1.1837 1 Research conducted within the project “Criminology, empirical evidence and criminal policy. On the incorporation of scientific data for decision-making in relation to the criminalization of conduct - Reference: DER2017-86204-R, financed by the (AEI)/ MCIU and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund -FEDER- “A way of doing Europe”. Also, thanks to grants for dynamization activities “Networks of Excellence” project: Development of a criminological and empirical model of criminal policy -Acronym EmpiriC. Funded by MCIU-AEI (Ref. DER2017-90552-REDT). 2 This research has received funding from the grants for pre-doctoral contracts for the training of doctors 2018 (FPI) from the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and co-financing from the European Social Fund, reference number: PRE2018- 083939. FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION IN SOCIAL MEDIA AND CRIMINALIZATION OF HATE SPEECH IN SPAIN: EVOLUTION, IMPACT AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF NORMATIVE COMPLIANCE AND SELF-CENSORSHIP Fernando Miró-Llinares and Ana B.