1. HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT OBJECTIVES FOR

1.1. Summary of key issues • Kingston-upon-Hull has the highest levels of social deprivation in the Region. There is, potentially, a tension between the need for regeneration initiatives to improve the social and economic conditions in the City with the preservation and enhancement of the historic environment; • The wealth of heritage assets of Hull, especially in and around the Old Town, is underappreciated (particularly beyond the City boundaries) and its potential to contribute towards the delivery of the economic and social objectives of the area underexploited. There is considerable potential for heritage-led regeneration and the marketing of the area based upon its unique townscape quality. • The economic viability of the Old Town and its rich legacy of historic buildings is threatened by large-scale retail developments on the edge of the City Centre. • The Local Authority is one of the few in the Region which maintains a list of local assets and has a local Buildings at Risk Register. However, there have been some concerns about the implementation of certain aspects of conservation management within parts of the authority area. • The A63, the principal access road to the docks, passes through the middle of the Old Town Conservation Area and severs the historic areas alongside the from the historic core of Hull. Although there are proposals to improve linkages between the City centre and the Humber, two Options currently under consideration would both have a degree of adverse impact upon the historic environment. • The future of the historic Fruit Market area remains uncertain in the current economic climate; • Little remains of Hull’s fishing heritage, raising the significance of the few surviving features such as the fish docks and smokehouses. Of the two Listed smokehouses, one was badly damaged by fire and has consent for its demolition.; • The National Picture Theatre – thought to be the only remaining ‘bombed out’ civilian building still standing in the UK – has no sustainable future in place, despite recently being Listed; • The quality of recent infill development, particularly on the edges of some of the City’s Conservation Areas, has often been poor. Four of the Conservation Areas were identified as being At Risk in 2010, including the one along the main arterial route into the City from the north (Beverley Road).

1.2. English Heritage’s Vision for Hull • Hull will be recognised for the high quality of its historic environment, particularly the area around the Old Town. The regeneration potential

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and cultural significance of the City’s historic assets will be recognised by the local authority in both policy and decision-making and the potential of the historic environment to contribute towards other Council objectives and raising the profile of the City better exploited. • The regeneration of the City will reinforce the distinct identity of the various areas of Hull and will safeguard and enhance its historic assets. • The Old Town will be revitalised, its historic buildings will be in viable economic use, and its public realm will have been enhanced. Linkages from the Old Town to other parts of the City will have been improved. • The regeneration of the Fruit Market will reinforce the distinct historic character of this part of the City. • A sustainable future will have been secured for the National Picture Theatre. • The unique legacy of buildings and structures associated with Hull’s fishing industry and it maritime history will be better appreciated, protected, and used as a focus for heritage-led regeneration initiatives • The improvements A63 will reduce the degree of severance between the historic core of the City and the areas alongside the Humber and will be implemented in a manner which respects the townscape character of the Old Town Conservation Area and minimises the degree of harm to the City’s historic assets

1.3. English Heritage’s Objectives for the historic environment in Hull • To foster a better appreciation and understanding of the significance and value of the city’s historic environment and the contribution which it can make to the delivery of the wider social and economic aims of the Council. • To ensure that the regeneration of the City is informed by, and will help reinforce, the distinct identity of the various areas of Hull and, in particular, will safeguard and enhance the City’s historic assets. • To ensure that the character and viability of the Old Town will not be adversely affected by nearby development proposals and that an appropriate strategy will be developed to secure the long-term future of this area and to enhance its appearance. • To ensure that the strategy for the redevelopment of the Fruit Market area safeguards the distinct character and identity of that part of the City • To secure s sustainable future for the National Picture Theatre. • To increase awareness and foster greater appreciation of the significance of the buildings and structures associated with Hull’s fishing heritage and maritime history and the potential these offer for heritage-led regeneration. • To ensure that the remaining smokehouses and other distinctive buildings associated with the city’s fishing industry are appropriately conserved; • To raise awareness of the significance of the Victorian ‘court’ housing and explore how it might be adapted to meet the affordable housing needs of the city;

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• To ensure that proposals for the improvement of the A63 are implemented in a manner which maximises connectivity between the historic core of Hull and the area beside the Humber and minimises the degree of harm to the townscape and historic assets within its vicinity.

1.4. What needs to be done to achieve this vision? • Discussions need to take place with staff within the Council, especially in the Regeneration Section, to raise awareness of the importance of Hull’s historic assets, the contribution which heritage-led regeneration can make to the delivery of the regeneration of the city • English Heritage will continue to engage with CABE and arc (the Architectural and Built Environment Centre for Hull) to explore the opportunities for greater co-operation on development proposals affecting the historic environment of the City. • The potential for a joint project between English Heritage (Research and Standards), the Council and the local community to study the extent and significance of the remaining buildings and structures associated with Hull’s fishing and maritime heritage should be explored. Development proposals should safeguard the remaining smokehouses and other significant buildings from the City’s fishing industry; • The regeneration strategy for the City needs to be informed by, and should reinforce, the distinct identity of the various areas of Hull • The development strategy for the City Centre needs to ensure that proposals for the regeneration of areas outside the Old Town help to sustain its historic environment and do not undermine the character or viability of the historic core of the settlement. • The strategy for the regeneration of the Fruit Market area needs to more closely reflect that set out in the Masterplan. It needs to ensure that the distinct character and identity of this part of the City is safeguarded and that new development is informed by its historic context. • A sustainable future needs to be secured for the National Picture Theatre. • Examine the potential for conservation and adaptation of surviving areas of ‘court’ housing; • Proposals for the improvement of the A63 need to be based upon a thorough understanding of the significance of the historic assets within its vicinity. The scheme needs to be designed so as to maximise connectivity between the historic core of Hull and the area beside the Humber, whilst minimising the degree of harm to the surrounding townscape character. • In order to help inform development proposals in and around the urban area of Hull, encourage , the East Riding of Council and the Humber Archaeology Partnership to undertake Historic Landscape Characterisation of this part of the Region, including characterisation of the urban archaeology of Hull

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2. ACTION PLAN

2.1. Key actions/issues • English Heritage will use the new Pevsner for the City to seek engagement with the Council to raise awareness of the significance of the historic assets of Hull and to explore how the contribution which the historic environment can make towards the delivery of the wider economic and social objectives for the City might be more fully exploited. • English Heritage will, through its engagement with the emerging Heritage Strategy, explore how the Council might address the Conservation Areas at Risk (especially along the Beverley Road) as well as ways in which the management of the historic environment though the activities of the Planning Department could be improved. • Explore the possibility of an English Heritage research programme into the buildings associated with Hull’s fishing and maritime heritage (if possible in association with Grimsby). If possible, seek a joint approach with the Councils and other stakeholders for a joint publication (similar to that produced for the Sheffield Metals Trades) in order to raise the profile of this legacy. • English Heritage will continue to engage with CABE and arc (the Architectural and Built Environment Centre for Hull) on development proposals affecting the historic environment of the City. • In its responses to the LDF and to development proposals within the City Centre, English Heritage will seek to ensure that the character and viability of the Old Town and Fruit Market areas are safeguarded. • English Heritage will engage with the City Council and the building owner to seek a sustainable future for the National Picture Theatre. • English Heritage will continue to liaise with the Council and its consultants to ensure that proposals for the improvement of the A63 are implemented in a manner which maximises connectivity between the historic core of Hull and the area beside the Humber yet minimises the degree of harm to the townscape and historic assets within its vicinity. • English Heritage will engage with Hull City Council, the Council and the Humber Archaeology Partnership to encourage them to undertake Historic Landscape Characterisation of this part of the Region, including characterisation of the urban archaeology of Hull.

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3. AUTHORITY PROFILE

3.1. Area: 71 km 2 [Hull is the smallest Local Authority in the Region]

3.2. Population: 256,200 [4.94% of regional total; 2nd largest population in the Humber Sub-Region; 9th largest population in Region (out of 21 Authorities)]

Population Density: 3,479 people per km 2 [Hull has the highest population density in the Region]

3.3. Major Settlements: • The City of Kingston-upon-Hull is the only large settlement

3.4. Index of Deprivation 1: 11 [of 354 in England - 1 being most deprived: 354 least deprived. Hull is the most deprived Authority in the Region (out of 21 Authorities)]

3.5. Political Complexion Liberal Democrat [Last election May 2010] [Lab- 23; Con- 2; LD- 32; Other - 2]2

3.6. Adjoining Authorities East Riding of Yorkshire

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4. HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT PROFILE

4.1. Summary statement of quality, density and character • After North East Lincolnshire, the City of Kingston upon Hull has the lowest number of designated assets in the Region (almost entirely made up of Listed Buildings). Since it is the smallest Local Authority Area in the Region, its density of assets is one of the highest. • The city was founded late in the 12th century and in the 17 th and 18 th centuries it flourished largely as a Shipbuilding town. As a result of its strong maritime history, Hull has an important Old Town core with important historic seaport connections; • Two of the 17 Listed fish-smoking houses in England are in Hull (although one was badly damaged by fire and has consent for its demolition). In all, there are 9 fish-smoking houses in the town. All are included on the Council’s local list but only one is in a Conservation Area. Their design is unique to the city. Over half of these buildings have been assessed as having a ‘high degree of significance’ based upon their integrity, interest and wider contribution to the wider significance of the building type 3; • Most famously, Hull was home to who is known for his worldwide fight to abolish slavery. (Grade I Listed) is now a museum.; • Hull is home to the only remaining ‘bombed out’ civilian building in Britain – the National Picture Theatre (Listed Grade II). This is one of the few physical expressions of the impact of the Second World War when Hull was one of the three most bombed-damaged areas in the country; • The City contains a number of important Georgian and Victorian commercial and public buildings including the City Hall, Town Docks Museum, Paragon Station (all Grade II*), and the ; • Hull has a legacy of Victorian “court” housing. It is believed that this particular housing type is found in only one other Pathfinder Area elsewhere in England. • As the only city in the UK to reject Post Office monopoly in the development of telecommunications, Hull has its own historic ‘K6’ telephone boxes which lack the typical crown insignia in the pediment and are painted cream rather than GPO red. These are a unique feature of Hull’s streetscapes and an important feature of local character;

4.2. Designated Assets 4

Listed Buildings: 464 [Hull has the second-lowest number of Listed Buildings after North East Lincolnshire ] • Grade I: 7 [Hull has the second-lowest number of Grade I Listed Buildings and, with North East Lincolnshire, the lowest total of high-Grade (Grade I and II*) Listed Buildings in the Region] • Grade II*: 17

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• Grade II: 440 [These include: Wiberforce House Museum; Maisters House; Hull Trinity House; ; Parish Church of the Holy Trinity; The Old White Hart Inn; Hull Charterhouse; Kingston Communications K6 telephone boxes]. • Density of Listed Buildings per sq km – 5.7 [The City of Kingston upon Hull has the 5 th highest density of Listed Buildings in the region].

Conservation Areas 5: 26 • No. of Adopted Conservation Area Appraisals: 18 • No. of Draft Conservation Area Appraisals: 4

Historic Parks and Gardens: 2 • Grade I: 0 • Grade II*: 0 • Grade II: 2 • Approximate area covered by Historic Parks and Gardens 58ha

Scheduled Ancient Monuments: 1 [This is, unsurprisingly, the lowest number of Scheduled Monuments of any authority in the Region. The only Scheduled Monument is Hull Citadel].

Density of Designated heritage assets: 6.0 per km 2 [The City of Kingston upon Hull has the 4th densest distribution of designated assets in the Region, despite having the second fewest total of designated heritage assets].

4.3. Other historic environment assets [The majority of the City of Kingston Upon Hull falls within the ‘ Humber’ Landscape Character Area. A small part of the north of the City lies within the ‘Holderness’ Landscape Character Area.]

The RSS Historic Environment Study identifies the following as being regionally distinctive:

Area 41: Humber Estuary • The town of Hull was founded late in the 12th century. The town and city of Hull has served as market town, military supply port and staging area, trading hub, fishing and whaling centre, and industrial giant. • Hull was one of the three most important medieval towns in Yorkshire, and grew to be the second largest port on the East Coast of England. The medieval street pattern and some buildings survive from this period. • There is evidence of coastal reclamation, drainage and enclosure from the 17th century onwards and there are remains of warping drains in existence today; • Hull itself prospered in the 16th and 17th centuries, although the surrounding area declined, this was largely associated with the towns increasing importance as a port town; • The memory of Hull's affluence in the 16th and 17th centuries is preserved in the form of several well-maintained buildings from the period, including

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Wilberforce House, which now a museum documenting the life of William Wilberforce - one of the leading English abolitionists. • Shipbuilding was the only large scale industry in the 18th Century although grinding rapeseeds by windmills or horse mills to produce oil which was used in making paint and soap was also undertaken. Some sugar refining was undertaken in Hull and there were many whalers operating from Hull in the 18th century; 6 • As a result of its strong maritime history, Hull has an important Old Town core with important historic seaport connections; • Hull contains a number of important Georgian and Victorian commercial and social buildings; • The opened in 1981 and provides a key viewpoint in the predominantly flat landscape; • Wilberforce House, the birthplace of William Wilberforce who is known for his worldwide fight to abolish slavery, is located in Hull.

Area 40: Holderness [Only a very small area of the City lies within this character area]

4.4. Joint character areas [The majority of the City of Kingston Upon Hull falls within the ‘ Humber’ Landscape Character Area. A small part of the north of the City lies within the ‘Holderness’ Landscape Character Area.]

Key characteristics of these areas are as follows:

Area 41: Humber Estuary [As Kingston upon Hull is almost entirely urban, the landscape character is largely overshadowed by development] • Expansive, flat, low-lying, estuarine landscape dominated by the Humber and with an ever-changing character due to tidal influences. • Dominance of sky and open views over the estuary, mudflats and salt marshes, where flood embankments allow. • Some conspicuous areas of market gardening around Hull. • Urban and industrial influences especially around Hull and on the south bank.

Area 40: Holderness [This is a small part of the area administered by KUH Council, located to the north of Hull] • Drained open valley with lightly fertile soil • Urban fringe influences have many effects in landscape character around Hull with housing, industry, roads and pylons becoming prominent

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4.5. Development pressures 7

Year City of Kingston upon Hull Total Regional Total Applications Application s Total No. of Applications Applications Total No. of for Listed for Planning for Listed for Planning Building Conservation Applications Building Conservation Applications Consent Area Consent Area Consent Consent 2001/02 58 9 1,186 2,296 287 44,187 2002/03 43 7 1,195 2,452 270 50,606 2003/04 60 9 1,583 2,440 294 57,309 2004/05 73 7 1,732 2,477 308 59,574 2005/06 50 13 1,707 2,530 334 56,155 2006/07 69 9 1,521 2,396 3,27 53,999 2007/08 61 8 1,474 2,520 327 53 ,533 2008/09 32 5 1,165 2,098 276 42,293

[Hull has the 9th lowest development pressure in the Region. 3.2% of all applications require either Listed Building or Conservation Area consent, the 3rd lowest rate in the Region.]

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5. POLICY CONTEXT

5.1. General • The City is on the north bank of the Humber Estuary at the mouth of the . Due to its low level, Hull is expected to be at increasing levels of risk from flooding due to global warming .8 One of Yorkshire’s major cities, it is a considerable distance from other major centres. The City has a unique maritime heritage and character. 9

5.2. Regional Spatial Strategy • City of Kingston upon Hull falls within the Humber Estuary sub-area. It is identified as a Regional City which will be the prime focus for housing and economic development (Policy YH4 ). • Under Policy HE1 , it is intended that Hull be transformed through remodelling of the city centre to provide more and better jobs, shops services and public spaces. It is intended that the economy of Hull be diversified with a stronger service sector and that the housing areas of the City be improved. • Policy ENV9 states that plans and strategies in the region should conserve the following regionally distinctive elements of the historic environment:- o The waterlogged environments of the Humber o The maritime archaeological assets…and the purpose-built historic ports, docks and infrastructure of the Humber • Policy ENV10 states that plans and strategies in the region should safeguard and enhance the following regionally-important landscapes:- o The coastal landscapes of the Humber

5.3. Regional Economic Strategy The indicative Physical Development Priorities for Hull are: • Education led regeneration – Hull University • Public Realm and property led development - 1. Hull City Centre (URC) e.g St Stephens Development; Humber Quays; Heart of the City; Hull River Corridor, Port Expansion/access & related development • Cultural regeneration - Hull Cultural Quarter, Wilberforce Institute of, Emancipation & Slavery • Housing led regeneration - Preston Road NDC, Hull & East Riding Gateway Pathfinder (all of Hull) • Health led regeneration- Royal Hull Infirmary Key transport improvements for Hull City Region are: • Road access to Hull and Ports

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5.4. The Hull Local Development Framework 10

• Core Strategy - This sets out the overall vision and key development principles and investment priorities in the city up to 2026. Emerging Preferred Approach published March 2010. • Newington and St Andrews Area Action Plan - The Area Action Plan sets out the Preferred Strategy for the transformation of that part of Hull lying to the west of the City Centre. The document was Adopted in February 2010. • Holderness Road Corridor Area Action Plan - The final consultation on the Action Plan for the transformation of that part of Hull lying to the east of the City Centre was published in December 2009. It is due for Adoption in March 2011. • The City Centre Area Action Plan which was submitted to the Secretary of State of State for consideration in October 2009 was withdrawn by the Council in August 2010. • The East Riding of Yorkshire and Hull City Council are producing the following Joint Development Plan Documents:- o Joint Waste DPD - an Issues and Options Consultation took place on this document in April 2008 o Joint Minerals DPD - a Preferred Approach Consultation took place on this document in April 2008

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6. ENGLISH HERITAGE ENGAGEMENT 11

6.1. English Heritage properties • None

6.2. Key cases/issues 6.2.1. Casework No. of Applications for Listed Building Consent (in 2008/9, including referrals): 13 No. of Applications for Planning Consent (in 2008/9): 9 No. of Applications for Scheduled Monument Consent (in 2008/9): 1 No. of Applications for Class VI Consent (in 2007): 0 No. of Applications for Ecclesiastical Exemption (in 2008/9): 1 No. of Applications for S42 licences (in 2008/9): 0

6.2.2. Recent significant cases Listed Buildings • Paragon Station

6.2.3. Current/emerging significant cases Listed Buildings • Wilberforce House and Georgian Houses (£880,500 HLF Grant) Historic Areas • East Park Restoration £6,397,300 (HLF funded)

6.2.4. HPR Pilot Projects • none

6.3. Significant Grants Recent significant grants (since 01/04/97) Places of Worship • St Giles, £426,000 (three offers) • St Mary, Sculcoates £117,000 • St Matthew, Boulevard £164,000 • St Alban, Hull £127,000 (two offers) • Holy Trinity, Hull £583,200 (two offers) • St Mary, Lowgate £490,300 (HLF funded) Historic Area Grants • St Andrew’s THI £997,500 (HLF Funded) • Fruit Market £213,000 • Old Town £90,000

Current/emerging grants

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• St Giles, Marfleet • St Mary, Sculcoates Lane

6.4. Heritage at Risk 12

Buildings at Risk (Grade I and II*): 0

Scheduled Monuments at Risk: 0

Historic Parks and Gardens at Risk: 0

Conservation Areas at Risk: 3 • Beverley Road • Holderness Road (West) • St Andrew’s Dock

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7. LOCAL AUTHORITY MANAGEMENT OF THE HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT

7.1. Conservation Section staffing 13 Established specialist posts (FTE) 2008:- • 1 Conservation Officer • Archaeological advice to Kingston upon Hull Council provided by Humber Archaeological Partnership (4.5 FTE Posts)

7.2. Heritage Champion 14 No

7.3. Local designations/local lists Local List of historic assets - Yes Local Buildings at Risk Register - Current

7.4. No./percentage of Conservation Areas with up-to-date appraisals 15 Of 26 Conservation Areas:- • No. of Adopted Conservation Area Appraisals - 18 (69 % of total) • No. of Draft Conservation Area Appraisals - 4 (15% of total)

7.5. Local authority grants 16 • Total budget for 2011/12 - None

7.6. Other areas/initiatives 17 • The Hull History Centre (HLF funded project)

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8. WHAT ARE THE COUNCIL’S / COMMUNITY’S VISIONS FOR THE HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT IN THIS AREA?

8.1. Local Development Framework 18 • The Core Strategy Vision states “By 2026, Hull will be a thriving regional city, with a high quality of life, good employment opportunities, and a wide range of popular, safe and sustainable neighbourhoods which maintain their distinctive feel and respect their historic past”..

8.2. Community strategy • The community strategy is called Living, Learning and Working, and the full document was launched in July 2006 • 2020 Vision for Hull is: ‘Hull is a City which is living, learning, working, healthy and proud. One of the most important cities in Northern Europe, we are a gateway for global trade and the heart of a prosperous Humber sub-region’

• Within the ‘Jobs and Prosperity’ section, under the objective ‘develop and improve the marketing of hull as a good place to invest and do business’ the strategy refers to the following: “create a positive image to capture the imagination of Hull residents, building on Hull's unique assets, heritage and entrepreneurial spirit”

8.3. Cultural strategy

Hull has no adopted Cultural Strategy

1 Updated Jun.09 Source: http://www.communities.gov.uk/communities/neighbourhoodrenewal/deprivation/deprivation07/

2 Source: https://web5.hullcc.gov.uk/akshull/users/public/admin/main.pl?op=ListCurrentMembers

3 ‘Rapid survey of fish smoking houses and associated buildings in Hull and Grimsby’, Draft, Kathryn Sather and Associates for English Heritage, June 2002.

4 Updated Nov. 10 – Source Heritage Counts

5 Updated Nov.10 – Source: Hull City Council Conservation Section

6 (http://www.localhistories.org/hull.html )

7 Updated Jan. 10 – Source Heritage Counts

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8 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingston_upon_Hull

9 http://www.hullcc.gov.uk/portal/page?_pageid=221,98083&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL

10 Updated Aug.10

11 Updated Jun.09

12 Updated Jul.10

13 Updated Jan.10 - From information collected by IHBC/ALGAO, 2008

14 Updated May10 – Source: Hull City Council Conservation Section

15 Updated Nov10 – Source: Hull City Council Conservation Section

16 Updated Nov.10 – Source: Hull City Council Conservation Section

17 Updated Dec. 09

18 Updated May10

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