DOCSLIB.ORG

PDF 25 Kb) Approved the Final Manuscript

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PDF 25 Kb) Approved the Final Manuscript Bajda et al. BMC Genomics (2015) 16:974 DOI 10.1186/s12864-015-2157-1 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Transcriptome profiling of a spirodiclofen susceptible and resistant strain of the European red mite Panonychus ulmi using strand-specific RNA-seq Sabina Bajda1†, Wannes Dermauw2*† , Robert Greenhalgh3, Ralf Nauen4, Luc Tirry2, Richard M. Clark3,5 and Thomas Van Leeuwen1,2* Abstract Background: The European red mite, Panonychus ulmi, is among the most important mite pests in fruit orchards, where it is controlled primarily by acaricide application. However, the species rapidly develops pesticide resistance, and the elucidation of resistance mechanisms for P. ulmi has not kept pace with insects or with the closely related spider mite Tetranychus urticae. The main reason for this lack of knowledge has been the absence of genomic resources needed to investigate the molecular biology of resistance mechanisms. Results: Here, we provide a comprehensive strand-specific RNA-seq based transcriptome resource for P. ulmi derived from strains susceptible and resistant to the widely used acaricide spirodiclofen. From a de novo assembly of the P. ulmi transcriptome, we manually annotated detoxification enzyme families, target-sites of commonly used acaricides, and horizontally transferred genes implicated in plant-mite interactions and pesticide resistance. In a comparative analysis that incorporated sequences available for Panonychus citri, T. urticae, and insects, we identified radiations for detoxification gene families following the divergence of Panonychus and Tetranychus genera. Finally, we used the replicated RNA-seq data from the spirodiclofen susceptible and resistant strains to describe gene expression changes associated with resistance. A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, as well as multiple carboxylcholinesterases, were differentially expressed between the susceptible and resistant strains, and provide a molecular entry point for understanding resistance to spirodiclofen, widely used to control P. ulmi populations. Conclusions: The new genomic resources and data that we present in this study for P. ulmi will substantially facilitate molecular studies of underlying mechanisms involved in acaricide resistance. Keywords: Cyclic keto-enols, Tetranychidae, Target-site mutation, biRNA virus, Spirotetramat, Intradiol ring-cleavage dioxygenases, UDP-glycosyltransferases, Cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenases, Carboxyl/cholinesterases, Gluthathione-S-transferases * Correspondence: [email protected]; thomas.vanleeuwen@ugent. be †Equal contributors 2Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium 1Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94241090GE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © 2015 Bajda et al. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Bajda et al. BMC Genomics (2015) 16:974 Page 2 of 26 Background for the detoxification enzymes associated with these ac- The European red mite, Panonychus ulmi, is a member tivities (CYP392E10 and TuCCE-04) [20]. It is clear that of the family Tetranychidae (Arthropoda: Chelicerata: our understanding of resistance to acaricides in phyt- Arachnida: Acari). Tetranychidae, or spider mites, use ophagous mites improved with the advent of the T. urti- their stylet- like chelicerae to puncture the leaf mesophyll- cae genome, however, such genomic resources are scarce cells to suck out cell contents. This results in chlorotic for other key tetranychid mites, particularly P. ulmi. spots and necrosis and ultimately, leaf abscission [1]. As a With only 49 nucleotide sequences available in the NCBI result, among mite pests, spider mites are economically public database (accessed May 2015), P. ulmi resistance important with 80 % of the acaricide market used for their research at the molecular level has hardly been possible. control [2]. Nonetheless, a major problem associated with For organisms without a sequenced genome, de novo spider mite control is the rapid development of acaricide transcriptome assemblies provide an important starting resistance. Factors accelerating resistance evolution in- point for genomic analyses, and recent advances in high- clude not only the frequent use of acaricides, but also high throughput transcript sequencing have greatly contributed fecundity rates, arrhenotokous reproduction (on haploid to our understanding of gene expression and structure males selection is highly effective) and a short life cycle [26–29]. This is especially true in agricultural pest man- [3]. As a result, the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus agement, where the majority of pest species do not have a urticae)andP. ulmi have developed resistance to nearly reference genome and where the elucidation of resistance all acaricide classes [4] and rank among the top 10 of most mechanisms of insecticides is vital [30–34]. resistant arthropod species based on the number of In this study we used the Illumina HiSeq2000 technol- unique active ingredients for which resistance has been ogy to generate deep paired-end, strand-specific RNA-seq reported [2]. reads for two strains of P. ulmi. The first strain (HS) is The acaricides spirodiclofen and spiromesifen belong, susceptible to most currently used acaricides, while the together with the insecticide spirotetramat, to the family second strain (PSR-TK) was field collected and shown to of spirocyclic tetronic acids (keto-enols) and interrupt be resistant to a number of acaricides, including hexythia- lipid biosynthesis by direct inhibition of acetyl coenzyme zox and clofentezine. The strain also showed decreased A carboxylase (ACCase) [5, 6]. Introduced relatively re- susceptibility to spirodiclofen, and was further selected in cently to the market [7], spirodiclofen has been shown the laboratory until high levels of spirodiclofen resistance to be an effective tool in resistance management of tetra- (Resistance ratio of 7000) were reached [17]. Paired-end nychid mites. It shows good to excellent residual control RNAseq reads were used to assemble a P. ulmi transcrip- [8, 9] and is effective against spider mites resistant to tome, and with the same assembly methodology we con- different acaricide classes [10–16]. Although high levels structed two P. citri transcriptomes based on previously of spirodiclofen resistance have not yet been reported in published RNA-seq data available as single end reads [33, field populations, artificial selection studies have shown 34]. We then performed a phylogenetic classification of that spider mites have the potential to develop resistance Panonychus gene families involved in detoxification, such to spirodiclofen comparatively rapid in the laboratory as cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs), carboxyl- [17, 18]. Selection for resistance was undertaken with T. cholinesterases (CCEs), glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs), urticae, P. ulmi and P. citri and resistance in all species UDP-glycosyl transferases (UGTs) and ABC transporters was synergized by piperonylbutoxide (PBO), suggesting (ABCs), and searched for horizontally transferred genes the involvement of cytochrome P450s [17–19]. Strikingly, that were previously uncovered in the genome sequence for all three tetranychid species spirodiclofen resistance of T. urticae [21, 35–39]. Moreover, a differential expres- was age dependent. The concentration of spirodiclofen sion analysis between the acaricide susceptible and resist- causing 50 % lethality (LC50) in the resistant strains was ant P. ulmi strain allowed us to identify genes encoding much lower in eggs then in mobile stages, a finding proteins that are candidates for involvement in acaricide Demaeght et al. [20] suggested could be due to lower ex- resistance. In addition, we identified and compared P. pression of detoxification genes in eggs. ulmi expressed sequences for known acaricide target sites. In 2011, the high quality genome sequence of the The assembled annotated transcriptome of P. ulmi pro- spider mite Tetranychus urticae became available [21], vides an important resource that should substantially fa- and afforded new resources and tools to investigate the cilitate molecular studies in this species, including the molecular mechanisms underlying acaricide resistance elucidation of detoxification mechanisms of xenobiotics. [20, 22–25]. For example, although biochemical studies had shown that elevated P450 and esterase levels were Results and discussion associated with resistance to spirodiclofen in T. urticae De novo sequence assembly (see above), studies with a genome-wide gene expression We performed high-throughput Illumina sequencing microarray allowed the identification of the genes coding of RNA extracted from adult females from acaricide Bajda et al. BMC Genomics (2015) 16:974 Page 3 of 26 susceptible (HS) and resistant P. ulmi strains (PSR- model arthropod species (e.g. in
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Preliminary Assessment of Amblyseius Andersoni (Chant) As a Potential Biocontrol Agent Against Phytophagous Mites Occurring on Coniferous Plants
    insects Article A Preliminary Assessment of Amblyseius andersoni (Chant) as a Potential Biocontrol Agent against Phytophagous Mites Occurring on Coniferous Plants Ewa Puchalska 1,* , Stanisław Kamil Zagrodzki 1, Marcin Kozak 2, Brian G. Rector 3 and Anna Mauer 1 1 Section of Applied Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] (S.K.Z.); [email protected] (A.M.) 2 Department of Media, Journalism and Social Communication, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland; [email protected] 3 USDA-ARS, Great Basin Rangelands Research Unit, 920 Valley Rd., Reno, NV 89512, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: Amblyseius andersoni (Chant) is a predatory mite frequently used as a biocontrol agent against phytophagous mites in greenhouses, orchards and vineyards. In Europe, it is an indige- nous species, commonly found on various plants, including conifers. The present study examined whether A. andersoni can develop and reproduce while feeding on two key pests of ornamental coniferous plants, i.e., Oligonychus ununguis (Jacobi) and Pentamerismus taxi (Haller). Pinus sylvestris L. pollen was also tested as an alternative food source for the predator. Both prey species and pine pollen were suitable food sources for A. andersoni. Although higher values of population parameters Citation: Puchalska, E.; were observed when the predator fed on mites compared to the pollen alternative, we conclude that Zagrodzki, S.K.; Kozak, M.; pine pollen may provide adequate sustenance for A.
    [Show full text]
  • Behavioral Response of Panonychus Citri (Mcgregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) to Synthetic Chemicals and Oils
    Behavioral response of Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) to synthetic chemicals and oils Muhammad Asif Qayyoum1,2,*, Zi-Wei Song1,*, Bao-Xin Zhang1, Dun-Song Li1 and Bilal Saeed Khan3 1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection/Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou City, Guangdong, China 2 Department of Plant Protection, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan 3 Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan * These authors contributed equally to this work. ABSTRACT Background: Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) population outbreaks after the citrus plantation’s chemical application is a common observation. Dispersal behavior is an essential tool to understand the secondary outbreak of P. citri population. Therefore, in the current study, the dispersal activity of P. citri was observed on the leaf surfaces of Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae) treated with SYP-9625, abamectin, vegetable oil, and EnSpray 99. Method: Mites were released on the first (apex) leaf of the plant (adaxial surface) and data were recorded after 24 h. The treated, untreated, and half-treated data were analyzed by combining the leaf surfaces (adaxial right, adaxial left, abaxial right, and abaxial left). All experiments were performed in open-air environmental conditions. Results: The maximum number of mites was captured on the un-treated or half-treated surfaces due to chemicals repellency. Chemical bioassays of the free-choice test showed that all treatments significantly increased the mortality of Submitted 10 September 2020 P. citri depending on application method and concentration. A significant number 13 January 2021 Accepted of mites repelled away from treated surfaces and within treated surfaces except Published 5 April 2021 adaxial left and abaxial right surfaces at LC30.
    [Show full text]
  • Panonychus Citri (Mcgregor, 1916)
    Panonychus citri (McGregor, 1916) Material examined non-types Taxonomy Fig. 1. Panonychus citri adult female (non-type) - dorsal Subfamily Tetranychinae habitus. Tribe Tetranychini Common Name Citrus red mite Distribution +Australia, Albania, Argentina, Bermuda, Brazil, Bulgaria, CIS, Canada, Canary Islands, Chile, China, Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Finland, France, Fig. 2. Panonychus citri adult female (non-type) - lateral Greece, Hainan Island, Hawaii, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, habitus. Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Japan, Korea, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Mexico, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guniea, Peru, Philippines, Reunion, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, The Netherlands, Tunisia, Turkey, UK, *USA, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yugoslavia Taxonomy Changes Tetranychus citri McGregor 1916 Paratetranychus citri (McGregor) McGregor 1919 Metatetranychus citri (McGregor) Reck 1941 Panonychus citri (McGregor) Ehara 1956 Fig. 3. Panonychus citri adult female (non-type) - detail of Tetranychus mytilaspidis Banks 1900 claws III and IV. Paratetranychus mytilaspidis (Banks) Banks 1915, syonymy Pritchard & Baker 1955 Diagnosis Female (Figs 1, 2) empodia I-IV = short, strongly curved claw; with long tenent hairs on lateral "claws", over twice as long as claw (Fig. 3) pregenital striae entirely longitudinal peritreme ending in simple, expanded bulb (Figs 4, 5) dorsal setae h1 and f2 are subequal in length (Figs 6, 7) dorsal setae f1 approx. twice (or more) length of both h1 & f2 (Figs Fig. 4. Panonychus citri adult female (non-type) - detail of 6, 7) peritreme (arrow indicates tip). dorsal striae on opisthosoma transverse (Fig. 10) tarsus I with the sockets of three tactile setae and one solenidion proximal to, and two tactile setae overlapping, the socket of the proximal duplex seta (duplex pairs adjacent to each other, see Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • DISTRIBUTION of PANONYCHUS CITRI (Mcgregor) and EUSEIUS TULARENSIS CONGDON on CENTRAL CALIFORNIA ORANGE TREES with IMPLICATIONS for BINOMIAL SAMPLING
    Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 14 (1985) 119-129 119 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam - Printed in The Netherlands DISTRIBUTION OF PANONYCHUS CITRI (McGREGOR) AND EUSEIUS TULARENSIS CONGDON ON CENTRAL CALIFORNIA ORANGE TREES WITH IMPLICATIONS FOR BINOMIAL SAMPLING FRANK G. ZALOM, CHARLES E. KENNETT, NEIL V. O’CONNELL, DONALD FLAHERTY, JOSEPH G. MORSE and LLOYD T. WILSON IPM Implementation Group, University of California, Davis, CA 9561 6 (U.S.A.) (Accepted for publication 24 May 1985) ABSTRACT Zalom, F.G., Kennett, C.E., O’Connell, N.V., Flaherty, D., Morse, J.G. and Wilson, L.T., 1985. Distribution of Panonychus citri (McGregor) and Euseius tularensis Congdon on central California orange trees with implicacions for binomial sampling. Agric. Ecosystems Environ., 14: 119-129. Adults and active stages of the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor) and active stages of the predatory mite Euseius tularensis Congdon were sampled in a cen- tral California orange grove for the period 1968-1976. In 1983, 10 groves were sam- pled for P. citri adult females. Analysis of variance showed no difference (P> 0.05) between sampling locations within a tree. Clumping pattern per leaf for each species and age class sampled were expressed as the relationship between proportion of leaves infested with mites, mean number of mites per leaf and variance of mites per leaf. The clumping patterns of both P. citri classes were fairly constant between years and be- tween orchards and were more clumped than with E. tularensis. The relationship be- tween proportion of leaves infested and mean number of mites per leaf was determined for both species and age classes and incorporated into a binomial sampling program.
    [Show full text]
  • (Acari: Tetranychidae): High Genome Rearrangement and Extremely Truncated Trnas Ming-Long Yuan, Dan-Dan Wei, Bao-Jun Wang, Wei Dou, Jin-Jun Wang*
    Yuan et al. BMC Genomics 2010, 11:597 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/11/597 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access The complete mitochondrial genome of the citrus red mite Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae): high genome rearrangement and extremely truncated tRNAs Ming-Long Yuan, Dan-Dan Wei, Bao-Jun Wang, Wei Dou, Jin-Jun Wang* Abstract Background: The family Tetranychidae (Chelicerata: Acari) includes ~1200 species, many of which are of agronomic importance. To date, mitochondrial genomes of only two Tetranychidae species have been sequenced, and it has been found that these two mitochondrial genomes are characterized by many unusual features in genome organization and structure such as gene order and nucleotide frequency. The scarcity of available sequence data has greatly impeded evolutionary studies in Acari (mites and ticks). Information on Tetranychidae mitochondrial genomes is quite important for phylogenetic evaluation and population genetics, as well as the molecular evolution of functional genes such as acaricide-resistance genes. In this study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of Panonychus citri (Family Tetranychidae), a worldwide citrus pest, and provide a comparison to other Acari. Results: The mitochondrial genome of P. citri is a typical circular molecule of 13,077 bp, and contains the complete set of 37 genes that are usually found in metazoans. This is the smallest mitochondrial genome within all sequenced Acari and other Chelicerata, primarily due to the significant size reduction of protein coding genes (PCGs), a large rRNA gene, and the A + T-rich region. The mitochondrial gene order for P. citri is the same as those for P. ulmi and Tetranychus urticae, but distinctly different from other Acari by a series of gene translocations and/ or inversions.
    [Show full text]
  • European Red Mite (Panonychus Ulmi) Diane G
    Published by Utah State University Extension and Utah Plant Pest Diagnostic Laboratory ENT-152-05 October 2011 European Red Mite (Panonychus ulmi) Diane G. Alston, Entomologist • Michael E. Reding, Entomologist 1 Do You Know? • European red mite infestations are sporadic in Utah orchards, but injury can be severe when populations are high • Adult and immature mites feed on leaves caus- ing white stippling, bronzing, and defoliation • Tree vigor and fruit color, size, and production can be reduced • If the mite is present, the most effective control is a delayed dormant oil spray applied as overwin- tering eggs begin to hatch • If active mite stages persist following bloom, early summer treatment is recommended based on The female European red mite has a red body with white presence-absence sampling legs and hairs and spots on her back (E. Beers, Washington State University). he European red mite is native to Europe and was Tfirst introduced into the Pacific Northwest in the early 1900s. Since then, it has spread and become established throughout the United States and Canada. Mites are tiny arthropods, measuring less than 1/60 inch (0.42 mm) that are closely related to ticks and spiders. The European red mite belongs to a group of plant-feeding mites, called spider mites (Order Acari, Family Tetrany- chidae), which includes the twospotted and McDaniel spider mites. However, unlike its cousins, the European red mite does not spin copious amounts of webbing. European red mite also has a more limited host range The male is yellow and green-black with a tapered hind than the twospotted and McDaniel spider mites.
    [Show full text]
  • EU Project Number 613678
    EU project number 613678 Strategies to develop effective, innovative and practical approaches to protect major European fruit crops from pests and pathogens Work package 1. Pathways of introduction of fruit pests and pathogens Deliverable 1.3. PART 7 - REPORT on Oranges and Mandarins – Fruit pathway and Alert List Partners involved: EPPO (Grousset F, Petter F, Suffert M) and JKI (Steffen K, Wilstermann A, Schrader G). This document should be cited as ‘Grousset F, Wistermann A, Steffen K, Petter F, Schrader G, Suffert M (2016) DROPSA Deliverable 1.3 Report for Oranges and Mandarins – Fruit pathway and Alert List’. An Excel file containing supporting information is available at https://upload.eppo.int/download/112o3f5b0c014 DROPSA is funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration (grant agreement no. 613678). www.dropsaproject.eu [email protected] DROPSA DELIVERABLE REPORT on ORANGES AND MANDARINS – Fruit pathway and Alert List 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Background on oranges and mandarins ..................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Data on production and trade of orange and mandarin fruit ........................................................................ 5 1.3 Characteristics of the pathway ‘orange and mandarin fruit’ .......................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Feeding Mites of South Dakota Leland D
    South Dakota State University Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletins SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station 1966 Plant Feeding Mites of South Dakota Leland D. White Follow this and additional works at: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/agexperimentsta_tb Recommended Citation White, Leland D., "Plant Feeding Mites of South Dakota" (1966). Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletins. 38. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/agexperimentsta_tb/38 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station at Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletins by an authorized administrator of Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Technical Bulletin 27 May 1966 Plant Feeding Mites of South Dakota Entomology-Zoology Department Agricultural Experiment Station South Dakota State University, Brookings ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Appreciation is extended to: E. W. Baker for assistance in identification of Tetranychidae; H . H. Keifer, who identified specimens of Eriophy­ idae; C. A. Taylor, South Dakota State Univer­ sity plant taxonomist, for assistance in preparation of host-plant scientific names and identification of selected host plants; research assistants, S. A. Johnson,
    [Show full text]
  • Mites and Endosymbionts – Towards Improved Biological Control
    Mites and endosymbionts – towards improved biological control Thèse de doctorat présentée par Renate Zindel Université de Neuchâtel, Suisse, 16.12.2012 Cover photo: Hypoaspis miles (Stratiolaelaps scimitus) • FACULTE DES SCIENCES • Secrétariat-Décanat de la faculté U11 Rue Emile-Argand 11 CH-2000 NeuchAtel UNIVERSIT~ DE NEUCHÂTEL IMPRIMATUR POUR LA THESE Mites and endosymbionts- towards improved biological control Renate ZINDEL UNIVERSITE DE NEUCHATEL FACULTE DES SCIENCES La Faculté des sciences de l'Université de Neuchâtel autorise l'impression de la présente thèse sur le rapport des membres du jury: Prof. Ted Turlings, Université de Neuchâtel, directeur de thèse Dr Alexandre Aebi (co-directeur de thèse), Université de Neuchâtel Prof. Pilar Junier (Université de Neuchâtel) Prof. Christoph Vorburger (ETH Zürich, EAWAG, Dübendorf) Le doyen Prof. Peter Kropf Neuchâtel, le 18 décembre 2012 Téléphone : +41 32 718 21 00 E-mail : [email protected] www.unine.ch/sciences Index Foreword ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Summary ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Zusammenfassung ........................................................................................................................ 5 Résumé .......................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Catalog of Acari of the Hawaiian Islands
    The Library of Congress has catalogued this serial publication as follows: Research extension series / Hawaii Institute of Tropical Agri­ culture and Human Resources.-OOl--[Honolulu, Hawaii]: The Institute, [1980- v. : ill. ; 22 cm. Irregular. Title from cover. Separately catalogued and classified in LC before and including no. 044. ISSN 0271-9916 = Research extension series - Hawaii Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources. 1. Agriculture-Hawaii-Collected works. 2. Agricul­ ture-Research-Hawaii-Collected works. I. Hawaii Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources. II. Title: Research extension series - Hawaii Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources S52.5.R47 630'.5-dcI9 85-645281 AACR 2 MARC-S Library of Congress [8506] ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Any work of this type is not the product of a single author, but rather the compilation of the efforts of many individuals over an extended period of time. Particular assistance has been given by a number of individuals in the form of identifications of specimens, loans of type or determined material, or advice. I wish to thank Drs. W. T. Atyeo, E. W. Baker, A. Fain, U. Gerson, G. W. Krantz, D. C. Lee, E. E. Lindquist, B. M. O'Con­ nor, H. L. Sengbusch, J. M. Tenorio, and N. Wilson for their assistance in various forms during the com­ pletion of this work. THE AUTHOR M. Lee Goff is an assistant entomologist, Department of Entomology, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii. Cover illustration is reprinted from Ectoparasites of Hawaiian Rodents (Siphonaptera, Anoplura and Acari) by 1. M. Tenorio and M. L.
    [Show full text]
  • European Red Spider Mite - an
    Int.A. G..J. Environ.S. Cuthbertson Sci. Tech. and A. K. Murchie European red spider mite - an ... © Autumn 2005, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 287-290 Review Paper European red spider mite - an environmental consequence of persistent chemical pesticide application 1*A. G. S. Cuthbertson and 2A. K. Murchie 1Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK 2Department of Agriculture and Rural Development for Northern Ireland and the Queen’s University of Belfast, Newforge Lane, Belfast BT9 5PX, UK *Corresponding Author, E-mail: [email protected] Received 18 February 2005; revised 23 June 2005; accepted 22 August 2005; onlined 30 September 2005 The European red spider mite, Panonychus ulmi, between geographical regions, with for example, in is a major pest in almost all fruit growing regions of the UK up to five being usual for the south of England the world (Hardman et al., 1985). Spread of P. u l m i (Blair and Groves, 1952) but in the cooler climate of to most apple-growing areas has probably been Northern Ireland 2-3 generations is more common caused by the distribution of nursery stock carrying (Cuthbertson, 2000). winter eggs. This mite is stated to be an important Panonychus ulmi lays two types of eggs. secondary pest (due to the effects of chemical Summer eggs laid on the leaves of the host plant sprays killing natural enemies) of commercial are of the non-diapause type and develop without orchards throughout the United Kingdom (UK) and interruption. The winter eggs are deposited Europe (Cross and Berrie, 1994).
    [Show full text]
  • References Cited in the Database
    Spider Mites Web 2019-06-13 References cited in the Database Abbasipour, H., Taghavi, A. and Kamali, K. (2006). A faunal study of mites associated with tea gardens in the north of Iran.. Bruin, J., 12th International Congress of Acarology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Abstract book: 3. Abdel-Shaheed, G.A., Hammad, S.M. and El-Sawaf, S.K. (1973). Survey and population density studies on mites found on cotton and corn in Abis, Abou-Hommos localities, El-Beheira Province (Egypt). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique D Egypte, 57: 101-108. Abdullaev, A.N. and Mugutdinov, N.S. (1976). Brown mite in the orchards of the Dagestan foothills. Sadovodstvo, 24-25. Abo El-Ghar, M.R. and Osman, A.A. (1973). Ecological and control studies on mites associated with onion in Egypt. Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Entomologie, 73: 439-442. Abo-Korah, S.M. (1978). Mites associated with maize and their predators in Monoufeia Governorate, Egypt. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique D Egypte, 275-278. Abou-Awad, B.A., El-Sawaf, B.M., Reda, A.S. and Abdel-Khalek, A.A. (1999). Environmental management and biological aspects of two eriophyoid fig mites in Egypt: Aceria ficus and Rhyncaphytoptus ficifoliae. Acarologia, 40: 419-429. Abraham, E.V., Thirumurthi, S., Ali, K.A. and Subramaniam, T.R. (1973). Some new pests of sesamum. Madras Agricultural Journal, 60:. Abraham, R. (2000). Mite and thrips populations of soyabean varieties of different ripening groups. Novenyvedelem, 36: 583-589. Abraham, R. and Kuroli, G. (2003). Role of mites and thrips in the agrobiocoenosis of the soybean. Communications in Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, 68:.
    [Show full text]