SACE Review Final Report
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Success for all MINISTERIAL REVIEW OF SENIOR SECONDARY EDUCATION IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA SACE Review Final Report Panel Members Hon Greg Crafter Dr Patricia Crook AO Professor Alan Reid Success for all MINISTERIAL REVIEW OF SENIOR SECONDARY EDUCATION IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA SACE Review Final Report Ministerial Review Panel Hon Greg Crafter Dr Patricia Crook AO Prof Alan Reid Review Secretariat Ms Judith Lydeamore (Project Manager) Mr Steve Bousfield Ms Susan Cameron Ms Jo Coonan Ms Virginia Gill Mr Peter Shackleford Mr Terry Tierney Mr Noel Volk Administrative Support Ms Teresa Giuffreda Ms Susan Sifkus Please note: Additional copies of this Report can be downloaded from the SACE Review website at <http://www.sacereview.sa.gov.au>. © 2006, The State of South Australia Editing: Gunta Groves Graphic Design: Design Train Printing: Hyde Park Press ISBN 0 7308 7798 1 Contents Letter of transmission with general overview of the report 9 Recommendations 13 Part A: The case for reform 1. Current challenges 19 Overview 1.1 Context of the SACE Review 1.2 The importance of education and training 1.3 The role of senior secondary education and training 1.4 A time for critical reflection and response 1.5 The policy context 1.6 The SACE Review 2. The case for reform—Statistical trends and patterns 31 Overview 2.1 Patterns in student retention, participation and progression in the secondary years of schooling 2.2 Patterns of participation in the SACE 2.3 Patterns of achievement in the SACE 2.4 Patterns in students’ transitions from school to university 2.5 Perspectives from the Northern Territory 2.6 Research into factors affecting students’ engagement in and success at school 2.7 Conclusion 3. The case for reform—Community views 57 Overview 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Making SACE work for the full range of students 3.3 Support for students 3.4 Senior secondary curriculum 3.5 Assessment and moderation 3.6 Formal recognition of students’ learning achievements 3.7 The SACE and university selection processes 3.8 Particular groups of young people 3.9 Conclusion Part B: A new SACE within a learning space 4. Towards a new SACE for all 83 Overview 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Principles for reforming the SACE 4.3 A new SACE qualification 5. Positioning senior secondary education and the new SACE within a broad ‘learning space’ 94 Overview 5.1 The concept of a post-compulsory ‘learning space’ 5.2 Characteristics of the ‘learning space’ 5.3 Resourcing young people’s participation in the learning space— A youth learning entitlement Success for all: SACE Review Part C: Detailed reform proposals 6. Curriculum for a new SACE 103 Overview 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Broad curriculum directions 6.3 At the heart of the curriculum: The concept of Capabilities 6.4 Frameworks for learning units 6.5 Stages 1 and 2 and the role of Year 10 6.6 Personalising the curriculum: The role of the required learning units 6.7 Focusing on foundational skills: Literacy, numeracy and ICTs 6.8 E-learning and the new SACE 7. Assessment and reporting 125 Overview 7.1 The need for assessment reform 7.2 Clarifying the purposes of assessment in the senior secondary years 7.3 What should be assessed and how? 7.4 Who should assess? 7.5 How and when should judgments about learning be made? 7.6 How should levels of student achievement be reported? 7.7 E-assessment 7.8 A robust and comprehensive quality assurance system 8. Certification 144 Overview 8.1 The purposes, uses and value of the SACE 8.2 The new SACE arrangements 8.3 Documentation 8.4 Accrediting and recognising learning options 8.5 Provision of information to end users of the Certificate 9. Implementation 156 Overview 9.1 A momentum for change 9.2 Principles of implementation 9.3 An Office of Senior Secondary Renewal 9.4 A proposed timetable for change 9.5 Resource implications Part D: A review of legislation 10. Legislation and governance of the SACE 165 Overview 10.1 A brief retrospective on the development of senior secondary education in South Australia 10.2 The need to review the SSABSA Act Endnotes 180 References 184 Part E: Appendices 191 Appendix 1 SACE Review terms of reference Appendix 2 Membership of Ministerial Review Membership of SACE Review Reference Group Curriculum and Assessment Working Group Transitions Working Group Research and project assistance Success for all: SACE Review Appendix 3 SACE Review consultation meetings and presentations, 2004 and 2005 Appendix 4 List of written submissions Appendix 5 Supplementary statistical data Appendix 6 South Australia’s Strategic Plan—Educational targets Appendix 7 Examples of student and graduate qualities and attributes Appendix 8 SSABSA: Areas of learning for the SACE—2005 Appendix 9 Examples of possible curriculum organisers Appendix 10 Some ideas for Extended Learning Initiatives Appendix 11 Selection procedures by the South Australian Tertiary Admissions Centre Appendix 12 The Australian Blueprint for Career Development Appendix 13 Employability Skills Framework Appendix 14 SSABSA Act 1983, selected Sections Appendix 15 SSABSA Broadfield Framework diagrams Appendix 16 Another diagram of the new SACE Figures and Tables Figure 1.1 Population projections, children and youth, South Australia, 21 2002–2051 Figure 1.2 Full-time apparent retention rates (Years 8–12), states and 25 territories, 2004 Figure 2.1 Apparent retention rates, Years 8 to 12 and 10 to 12, full-time, 32 South Australia, 1978, 1983, 1988 and 1993–2004 Figure 2.2 Apparent retention rate, Years 10 to 12, full-time, by socioeconomic 34 status of local government area of school location, all schools, Adelaide, 2003 Figure 2.3 Apparent retention rates, Indigenous students, full-time equivalent, 35 South Australian government schools, 1999–2004 Figure 2.4 Full-time participation in secondary education at ages 16 and 17, 36 Adelaide and country South Australia, 2001 Figure 2.5 Apparent progression of the student cohort that commenced Year 8 37 in February 1999, government and non-government schools, South Australia, full-time equivalent enrolments Figure 2.6 SACE students as a proportion of people aged 15–18 years, by 38 socioeconomic quintile, South Australia, 2002 Figure 2.7 Number of Stage 2 SACE subjects offered by school size and 38 subject type, metropolitan schools, South Australia, 2003 Figure 2.8 Social profile of enrolments in Stage 2 SACE subjects by subject 39 type and size, all schools, South Australia, 2003 Figure 2.9 Difference in enrolment rates for students from the highest and 40 lowest socioeconomic status groups in selected HESS General subjects, all schools, South Australia, 2003 Figure 2.10 Average publicly examined subject achievement scores, Adelaide 42 Statistical Local Areas, 2002 Figure 2.11 SACE completions, number of graduates by gender and total, 45 and Apparent SACE Completion Rate, South Australian students only, 1994–2003 Figure 2.12 Proportion of SACE completers who obtained a Tertiary Entrance 47 Rank, by students’ home region, all schools, South Australia, 2001 Figure 2.13 School leaver applications for places at university and TAFE, as a 47 proportion of the 15–19 year old residential population, by socioeconomic status band of Local Government Area, South Australia, 2003 Success for all: SACE Review Figure 2.14 Outcome of university applications, South Australian school 48 leaver applicants by applicants’ socioeconomic status, all schools, South Australia, 2003 Figure 2.15 Full-time apparent retention rates Years 8–12, Northern Territory, 50 2000–2004 Figure 2.16 Apparent progression of the student cohort that commenced 50 Year 8 in Northern Territory schools in 1999 Figure 2.17 Differences in average subject achievement scores between 51 students from the Northern Territory and South Australia in selected Stage 2 SACE subjects, 2003 Figure 2.18 NTCE completions, all students, 1995–2003 52 Figure 2.19 NTCE completion, Indigenous students, Northern Territory, 52 1995–2003 Figure 2.20 Average TER for students in South Australia and the Northern 53 Territory, 1998–2002 Figure 2.21 Tertiary Entrance Rank attained by Indigenous and non-Indigenous 53 students, Northern Territory, 2003 Figure 4.1 Two ways of representing a 200 credit point new SACE 90 Figure 7.1 Stage 1 four-point scale 136 Figure 7.2 Stage 1 and Stage 2 reporting levels 136 Figure 8.1 Two ways of representing a 200 credit point new SACE 148 Table 1.1 Highest level of education of school leavers, South Australia 25 and Australia, 2002 Table 1.2 Persons aged 15 to 19 not in full-time education or full-time 26 work by state and territory, May 1999–2004, per cent Table 2.1 Average scores in publicly examined Stage 2 SACE subjects 43 by region, South Australia, 2002 Table 2.2 Distinctive features of Northern Territory context 49 Appendix 5 Figure A.1 Projected population (South Australia and Australia), 2002–2051 215 Figure A.2 Births, South Australia, 1991–92 to 2002–03 215 Figure A.3 Apparent retention rate (full-time), Year 10 to Year 12, all schools, 216 by SES and gender, South Australia, 2003 Figure A.4 Full-time participation in secondary school education at age 16, 217 Adelaide, 2001 Figure A.5 Full-time participation in secondary school education at age 16, 218 South Australia, 2001 Figure A.6 Apparent progression of student cohorts from Year 8 to Year 12, 218 (FTE enrolments), South Australia, all schools, 1992–1999 Figure A.7 School enrolments (FTE) by selected age of students, South 219 Australia, 1999, 2001 and 2003 Figure A.8 Unemployment rate by educational attainment, South Australia, 219 May 2003 Figure A.9 Distribution