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Knights templar friday 13th Continue This article is about the medieval chivalrous order. For the German Protestant sect, see Templers (religious believers). For other purposes, see the Templars (disbigation) and the Templars (disbigation). Western Christian military order; Medieval Catholic Military Order of knights TemplarSPoir Soldiers of Christ and the Temple of Solomon Poperucker commilitones Christy Templik Salomonichi HierosolymitanisA Seal templar. 1119 - c. 1312AlligiantityPatTat catholic military OrderRoleProstefense Christian PilgrimsSmok troopsSize15,000-20,000 members at the peak, 10% of whom were Knights of Jerusalem, Kingdom of JerusalemNikamae (s) Order of Solomon TempleA order ChristPatronSain Bernard ClairauxMotto (s) Nonmine nobis, Domine non nobis, sed Nomini tuo da gloriam (English: Not to us, Lord, not to us, but to your name to give glory)AttireWhite mantle with red crossMascot , including: Siege of Ascalon (1153) Battle of Mongisard (1177)Battle of Marj Ayun (1179)Battle of Hattin (1187)Siege of Jerusalem (1187)Siege of Gard ( 1188) Siege of Acre (1190-1191) Battle of Arsufa (1191)Siege of Al-Al-Akr Dames (1210)Battle of Legnitsa (12 Siege of Stif (1266)The Fall of Tripoli (1289)Siege of Acre (1291)The Fall of Ruad (1302)CommandersFirst Great MasterHugh de PayensDlast Grand Master Jacquez de Moley Part series on Night templars Poor member-soldier Christ temple Solomona Review of The History of Latin Print of the Great Masters Trials and Dissolution of the Papal Bulls Omne datum Optimal (1139) Milites Templi (1139) Police Dei (1145) Pastoralis praeeminentiae (1307) Faciens misericordiam (1308) Vox in excelso (1312) Ad Providam (1312) Places France England England Spain Portugal Successors order of Christ Montes Cultural references In IOGT In self-appointed orders in Freemasonry In popular culture See also military order (monastic society) Category : Catholic orders chivalry Catholicism portalvte Poor fellow soldiers of Christ and the Temple of Solomon (Latin: Pauperes commilitones Christi Tamply) Templars or mere Templars, were a Catholic military order founded in 1119 , headquartered on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem through 1128, when they went to meet with the Pope. They were recognized in 1139 by the papal bull Ofn date optimal. The order was active until 1312, when it was constantly suppressed by Pope Clement V bull Vox in Excelso. The Templars became a favorite charity throughout the Christian world and grew rapidly in membership and power. They were prominent in Christian finances. The Templar knights, in their distinctive white robes with a red cross, were some of the most experienced combat units The non-structured members of the Order, who made up 90% of their members, managed a large economic infrastructure throughout the Christian world, developing innovative financial methods that were an early form of banking, and perhaps forming their own network of nearly 1,000 teams and fortifications across Europe and the Holy Land, and possibly forming the world's first multinational corporation. The Templars were closely associated with the Crusades; when the Holy Land was lost, the support for order disappeared. Rumors of a secret initiation ceremony for the Templars created mistrust, and King Philip IV of France - deeply indebted to the Order - took advantage of this distrust to destroy them and erase his duty. In 1307, many members of the Order in France were arrested, tortured for false confessions and burned at the stake. Pope Clement V disbanded the Order in 1312 under pressure from King Philip. The dramatic decline in power of a significant group in European society has spawned speculation, legends and legacies over the centuries. The Military Order of Christ considers itself the heirs of the former Templars because it was restored to Portugal after the Templars were abolished on March 22, 1312. The Order of Christ was founded in 1319 under the protection of the Portuguese King Denis, who refused to persecute and persecute former knights, as happened in most other sovereign states under the political influence of the Catholic Church. Denis the Portuguese revived the Templars of Tomar as the Order of Christ, mainly for their help during the Reconquista and in the reconstruction of Portugal after the wars. Denis negotiated with Clement's successor, John XXII, on the recognition of the new order and his right to inherit the assets and property of the Templars. This was provided by the papal bull, Ad ea ex quibus, March 14, 1319. The main story article: The history of the Templar Uprising after the Franks in the First Crusade captured Jerusalem from Muslim conquerors in 1099, many Christians made pilgrimages to various sacred sites in the Holy Land. Although the city of Jerusalem was relatively safe under the control of Christians, the rest of Outremer was not. Bandits and marauding roadmen preyed on these Christian pilgrims who regularly killed, sometimes in the hundreds, as they tried to make the journey from the coastline to Jaffa to the inner part of the Holy Land. The flag used by the Templars in battle. In 1119, the French knight Gug de Payens addressed King Baldwin II of Jerusalem and Patriarch Of Jerusalem Warmmund and proposed the creation of a monastic order to protect these pilgrims. King Baldwin and Patriarch Warmmund agreed to this request, probably at the Council of Nablus in January 1120, and the King provided the Templars with headquarters in the wing Royal Palace on the Temple Mount in the captured Al-Aqsa Mosque. The Temple Mount had mysticism because it was above what was considered the ruins of the Temple of Solomon. The Crusaders therefore called the Al-Aqsa Mosque the temple of Solomon, and from this place the new order adopted the name of the Poor Knights of Christ and the Temple of Solomon, or the Knights templars. The Order, which was joined by some nine knights, including Godfrey de Saint-Omer and Andre de Montbard, had little financial resources and relied on donations to survive. Their emblem was two knights riding one horse, emphasizing the poverty of the order. The first headquarters of the Templars, on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. The Crusaders called it the Temple of Solomon, and from this place came their name templars. The poor status of the Templars did not last long. They had an influential lawyer in Saint Bernard Clervo, one of the leading church figures, the French abbot, primarily responsible for the founding of the Cistercian Order of Monks, and the nephew of Andre de Montbard, one of the founding knights. Bernard left his weight behind and wrote convincingly on their behalf in a letter For the Glory of a New Knighthood, and in 1129, in the Council of Troyes, he led a group of leading churchmen to formally approve and approve the order on behalf of the church. With this formal blessing the Templars became a favored charity throughout the Christian, receiving money, land, businesses, and noble sons from families who were willing to help in the struggle in the Holy Land. Another important advantage came in 1139, when the papal bull of Pope Innocent II, Omne Datum Optimum, freed the Order from obedience to local laws. This ruling meant that the Templars were free to cross all borders, were not required to pay any taxes, and were exempt from all powers except the pope. With its clear mission and ample resources, order grew rapidly. The Templars were often advanced strike troops in key Crusade battles, as heavily armored knights on their combat horses intended to attack the enemy, ahead of the main army bodies, in an attempt to break opposition lines. One of the most famous victories was in 1177 during the Battle of Mongisard, where about 500 Templars helped several thousand infantrymen defeat Saladin's army of more than 26,000 soldiers. The Knight of the Templars is indeed a fearless knight, and safe on all sides, for his soul is protected by the armor of faith, just as his body is protected by armor. Thus, he is doubly armed, and needs no fear of demons or people. Although the main mission of the order was militaristic, a relatively small number of members were combatants. The rest were positions to assist knights and manage financial infrastructure. The Order of the Templars, although its members were sworn in as an individual poverty, gained control of wealth beyond direct donations. A nobleman who was interested in participating in the Crusades could have given all his assets under the control of the Templars while he was gone. Accumulating wealth in this way throughout the Christian world and Outremer, order in 1150 began to generate letters of credit for pilgrims who had departed for the Holy Land: pilgrims surrendered their valuables from the local Templar commandment before the beginning, received a document indicating the value of their deposit, and then used this document upon arrival in the Holy Land to receive their funds in the amount of equal value. This innovative mechanism was an early form of banking and may have been the first official system to always support the use of cheques; this improved the safety of pilgrims, making them less attractive targets for thieves, and contributed to the Templar coffers. Based on this combination of donations and business relationships, the Templars established financial networks throughout the Christian world. They have acquired large tracts of land, both in Europe and the Middle East; they bought and operated farms and vineyards; they built massive stone cathedrals and castles; They are involved in production, import and export; they had their own fleet of ships; and at some point they even owned the entire island of Cyprus. The Order of the Templars may qualify as the world's first multinational corporation. The Battle of Hattin in 1187, a turning point that led to the Third Crusade in the mid-12th century, began to change in the Crusades.
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