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Using the MMORPG 'Runescape' to Engage Korean
Using the MMORPG ‘RuneScape’ to Engage Korean EFL (English as a Foreign Language) Young Learners in Learning Vocabulary and Reading Skills Kwengnam Kim Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of Education October 2015 -I- INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY The candidate confirms that the work submitted is her own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. © 2015 The University of Leeds and Kwengnam Kim The right of Kwengnam Kim to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. -II- DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP The work conducted during the development of this PhD thesis has led to a number of presentations and a guest talk. Papers and extended abstracts from the presentations and a guest talk have been generated and a paper has been published in the BAAL conference' proceedings. A list of the papers arising from this study is presented below. Kim, K. (2012) ‘MMORPG RuneScape and Korean Children’s Vocabulary and Reading Skills’. Paper as Guest Talk is presented at CRELL Seminar in University of Roehampton, London, UK, 31st, October 2012. Kim, K. (2012) ‘Online role-playing game and Korean children’s English vocabulary and reading skills’. Paper is presented in AsiaCALL 2012 (11th International Conference of Computer Assisted Language Learning), in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 16th-18th, November 2012. -
November 21,1895
ME 07. 0U BELFAST, MAINE, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1895. NUMBER 47. Fish and Game. Capt. Benjamin At- Obituary. North port Mews. COUNTY CORRESPONDENCE. East Searsmont. Mrs. Journal. wood of Emily Arnold Personal. iifpuMuau Winterport, State game warden, has returned was in from a two weeks’ visit in Bangor Friday, on his return from Mr. Leonard Brooks Cobbett died in Bel- M. I. Stevens is teaching school at Beech- Belmont. Mr. Willis Sanborn of Morrill Franklin, S. H. Mathews went to Boston on EH V THURSDAY MORNING BY THE a the hill. Mass.Charles Mahoney of Monday trip along Canadian Pacific railway. fast Sunday, Nov. 17th, at the advanced age visited friends in town Sunday_The is business. Capt. Atwood that the recent snows Northport visiting his brother Arad_ says of 95 years and 16 He was born in Mess Bessie Patterson is friends North Belmont Association will have days. visiting Cemetery Oscar Hills and helped the hunters considerably. in wife of East Northport H. C. Pitcher was in Portland last week Lowell, Mass., but came to Belfast when Camden. have a sociable at Mystic Hall Tues- Last week he one Grange were in town Joiimal Co. arrested of the promi- last week, the guests of her on business. FibMlui about 10 years of age, which has been his Now don’t forget that the heavy rain of day evening, Nov. 26th, for the purpose of Ullicai nent citizens of Jackman for illegal fish- brother, Edgar P. Wm. Friday, Nov. 15, was accompanied by Mahoney_Mrs. S. Samuel Morse went to ing. The man a fine of £100. -
The Social Geography of Gender-Switching in Virtual
Information, Communication & Society 2:4 1999 521–540 T H E S O C I A L G E O G R A P H Y O F G E N D E R - S W I T C H I N G I N V I R T U A L E N V I R O N M E N T S O N T H E I N T E R N E T Lynne D. Roberts Curtin University of Technology, Western Australia Malcolm R. Parks University of Washington, USA A b s t r a c t The virtual social worlds of the internet give people unparalleled control over the construction and presentation of their identities. Gender-switching is perhaps the most dramatic example of how people exercise this control. It occurs when people present a gender that is different from their biological sex. While gender-switching gures prominently in academic commentaries and popular writings about on-line social life, there is little systematic research on the phenomenon. On-line surveys of two stratied random samples (N’s = 233 and 202) of MOO users were conducted. The majority of participants (60 per cent) in social MOOs (popular text-based internet social venues) had never engaged in gender-switching, while the majority in role-playing MOOs were either gender-switching currently (40 per cent) or had done so in the past (16.7 per cent). More than half of those who currently gender-switched did so for less than 10 per cent of their time on-line. -
GENDER SWAPPING on the INTERNET Amy S. Bruckman Presented at the Internet Society, San Fransisco, CA, August 1993
GENDER SWAPPING ON THE INTERNET Amy S. Bruckman Presented at The Internet Society, San Fransisco, CA, August 1993. ABSTRACT In text-based virtual reality environments on the Internet called MUDs, it is possible to pretend to be the opposite gender. In these virtual worlds, the way gender structures basic human interaction is often noticed and reflected upon. This paper introduces MUDs, and then presents a community discussion about gender issues that MUDs inspired. Gender swapping is one example of ways in which network technology can impact not just work practice but also culture and values. I. GENDER SWAPPING ON THE INTERNET On the television show Saturday Night Live, a series of skits concerned a character named Pat, who has no apparent gender. The audience is tempted with the promise of clues. In one episode, Pat gets his or her hair cut. A sign in the salon says that men's haircuts are $7, and women's haircuts are $9. The audience waits in suspense: when Pat goes to pay, his or her true gender will be revealed. The humor of the series lies in the fact that those hopes are constantly foiled; in this instance, Pat leaves $10 and says to keep the change. Gender is so fundamental to human interactions, that the idea of a person without gender is absurd. The audience thinks that surely some clue must reveal Pat's gender, but none ever does. Many who have never seen Saturday Night Live know about Pat.(2) The character has become a kind of cultural icon. Pat's popularity is revealing. -
Smart Avatars in Jackmoo
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Center for Human Modeling and Simulation Department of Computer & Information Science March 1999 Smart Avatars in JackMOO Norman I. Badler University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Jianping Shi University of Pennsylvania Thomas J. Smith University of Pennsylvania John P. Granieri University of Pennsylvania Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/hms Recommended Citation Badler, N. I., Shi, J., Smith, T. J., & Granieri, J. P. (1999). Smart Avatars in JackMOO. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/hms/8 Postprint version. Published in IEEE Proceedings of Virtual Reality 1999, March 1999, pages 156-163. Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/VR.1999.756946 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/hms/8 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Smart Avatars in JackMOO Abstract Creation of compelling 3-dimensional, multi-user virtual worlds for education and training applications requires a high degree of realism in the appearance, interaction, and behavior of avatars within the scene. Our goal is to develop and/or adapt existing 3-dimensional technologies to provide training scenarios across the Internet in a form as close as possible to the appearance and interaction expected of live situations with human participants. We have produced a prototype system, JackMOO, which combines Jack, a virtual human system, and LambdaMOO, a multiuser, network-accessible, programmable, interactive server. Jack provides the visual realization of avatars and other objects. LambdaMOO provides the web-accessible communication, programability, and persistent object database. The combined JackMOO allows us to store the richer semantic information necessitated by the scope and range of human actions that an avatar must portray, and to express those actions in the form of imperative sentences. -
Programming for Fun: Muds As a Context for Collaborative Learning. PUB DATE 94 NOTE 7P.; In: Recreating the Revolution
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 396 675 IR 017 851 LUTHOR Bruckman, Amy TITLE Programming for Fun: MUDs as a Context for Collaborative Learning. PUB DATE 94 NOTE 7p.; In: Recreating the Revolution. Proceedings of the Annual National Educational Computing Conference (15th, Boston, Massachusetts, June 13-15, 1994); see IR 017 841. PUB TYPE Viewpoints (Opinion/Position Papers, Essays, etc.) (120) Reports Descriptive (141) Speeches/Conference Papers (150) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Adult Education; Case Studies; Community; *Computer Mediated Communication; Computer Networks; Cooperative Learning; *Educational Environment; Electronic Text; Programming; Success IDENTIFIERS Collaborative Learning; Informational Interviews; *M00s; *Virtual Reality ABSTRACT Multi-User Dungeons (MUDs), are text-based virtual reality environments in which participants separated by great physical distances can communicate and collaborate in programming. Most MUDs started out as adventure games but are quickly being adapted for more "serious" endeavors. This paper presents a case study of the experiences of a MUD participant, who, in interviews with the author, explains that MUDs foster creative and technical collaboration, playfulness, the availability of an audience for completed work, and the desire to contribute to the electronic learning community. The author concludes that the success of the MUD as a learning tool for adults points to itspotential as a learning environment for children. (BEW) *AA.******************************************************* -
2019 Official Results Book Marathon • 21-Miler • 11-Miler • 12K • 5K • Relay Table of Contents
2019 OFFICIAL RESULTS BOOK MARATHON • 21-MILER • 11-MILER • 12K • 5K • RELAY TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 To Our Finishers 32 21-Miler Results 4 2019 Race Review 36 11-Miler Results 5 What We Learned From Your Post-Race Survey 43 12K Results 6 2020 Registration Procedures 47 Relay Results 7 Marathon Male Winners 49 5K Results 8 Marathon Female Winners 51 3K Schools’ Competition Results 9 Marathon Overall Results Male 52 Our Sponsors & Supporters 17 Grizzled Vets 53 Race Committee & Staff 18 Marathon Overall Results Female 54 Final Notes and Moments to Remember 28 Boston 2 Big Sur Results 55 Mission Statement Big Sur Marathon Foundation P.O. Box 222620 Carmel, CA 93922 831.625.6226 [email protected] bigsurmarathon.org Cover photo of D’Ann Arthur by Lee Curry 2019 Big Sur International Marathon Results Book l 2 Heather McWhirter To Our Finishers To Our Finishers, We saw you, perhaps a bit sleepy but also very ex- cited, early race morning. We watched you marvel Congratulations on behalf of the Big Sur Marathon when you realized that the dreaded head wind, for Foundation board of directors, events committee, once, didn’t present itself race day. Instead, you volunteers, staff and partners! We hope you had a enjoyed ideal conditions with mild temperatures beautiful experience. and, for once, even a mild tailwind! This event started 34 years ago with the vision of We played music for you, handed you a cup of Ga- William Burleigh to organize a race for 2,000 runners torade or water, or shouted encouragement as you along the 26-mile stretch of Highway 1 from Big Sur charged up or down yet another hill. -
Northwest Plant Names and Symbols for Ecosystem Inventory and Analysis Fourth Edition
USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PNW-46 1976 NORTHWEST PLANT NAMES AND SYMBOLS FOR ECOSYSTEM INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS FOURTH EDITION PACIFIC NORTHWEST FOREST AND RANGE EXPERIMENT STATION U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOREST SERVICE PORTLAND, OREGON This file was created by scanning the printed publication. Text errors identified by the software have been corrected; however, some errors may remain. CONTENTS Page . INTRODUCTION TO FOURTH EDITION ....... 1 Features and Additions. ......... 1 Inquiries ................ 2 History of Plant Code Development .... 3 MASTER LIST OF SPECIES AND SYMBOLS ..... 5 Grasses.. ............... 7 Grasslike Plants. ............ 29 Forbs.. ................ 43 Shrubs. .................203 Trees. .................225 ABSTRACT LIST OF SYNONYMS ..............233 This paper is basicafly'an alpha code and name 1 isting of forest and rangeland grasses, sedges, LIST OF SOIL SURFACE ITEMS .........261 rushes, forbs, shrubs, and trees of Oregon, Wash- ington, and Idaho. The code expedites recording of vegetation inventory data and is especially useful to those processing their data by contem- porary computer systems. Editorial and secretarial personnel will find the name and authorship lists i ' to be handy desk references. KEYWORDS: Plant nomenclature, vegetation survey, I Oregon, Washington, Idaho. G. A. GARRISON and J. M. SKOVLIN are Assistant Director and Project Leader, respectively, of Paci fic Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station; C. E. POULTON is Director, Range and Resource Ecology Applications of Earth Sate1 1 ite Corporation; and A. H. WINWARD is Professor of Range Management at Oregon State University . and a fifth letter also appears in those instances where a varietal name is appended to the genus and INTRODUCTION species. (3) Some genera symbols consist of four letters or less, e.g., ACER, AIM, GEUM, IRIS, POA, TO FOURTH EDITION RHUS, ROSA. -
Geology of the Caloris Basin, Mercury: Ysis and Spectral Ratios Were Used to Highlight the Most Important Trends in the Data (17)
SPECIALSECTION photometrically corrected to normalized re- REPORT flectance at a standard geometry (30° incidence angle, 0° emission angle) and map-projected. From the 11-color data, principal component anal- Geology of the Caloris Basin, Mercury: ysis and spectral ratios were used to highlight the most important trends in the data (17). The first A View from MESSENGER principal component dominantly represents bright- ness variations, whereas the second principal com- Scott L. Murchie,1 Thomas R. Watters,2 Mark S. Robinson,3 James W. Head,4 Robert G. Strom,5 ponent (PC2) isolates the dominant color variation: Clark R. Chapman,6 Sean C. Solomon,7 William E. McClintock,8 Louise M. Prockter,1 the slope of the spectral continuum. Several higher Deborah L. Domingue,1 David T. Blewett1 components isolate fresh craters; a simple color ratio combines these and highlights all fresh The Caloris basin, the youngest known large impact basin on Mercury, is revealed in MESSENGER craters. PC2 and a 480-nm/1000-nm color ratio images to be modified by volcanism and deformation in a manner distinct from that of lunar thus represent the major observed spectral var- impact basins. The morphology and spatial distribution of basin materials themselves closely match iations (Fig. 1B). lunar counterparts. Evidence for a volcanic origin of the basin's interior plains includes embayed The images show that basin exterior materials, craters on the basin floor and diffuse deposits surrounding rimless depressions interpreted to be including the Caloris Montes, Nervo, and von of pyroclastic origin. Unlike lunar maria, the volcanic plains in Caloris are higher in albedo than Eyck Formations, all share similar color proper- surrounding basin materials and lack spectral evidence for ferrous iron-bearing silicates. -
Storm's Weekend with Rachael
1 Appeared in Journal of the Learning Sciences 9(3), 329-372, 2000. Situated Support for Learning: Storm’s Weekend with Rachael by Amy Bruckman Assistant Professor College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0280 Tel: 404-894-9222 Email: [email protected] Submitted: April 22nd, 1998 Revised: January 7th, 2000 2 Situated Support for Learning: Storm’s Weekend with Rachael Abstract While much attention has been paid to the content of support for learning, less attention has been given to its context. This paper introduces the notion of “situated support,” and argues that the identity of the source of support and the connectedness of that support to other elements of the learning environment are of primary importance. MOOSE Crossing is a text-based virtual reality environment (or “MUD”) designed to be a constructionist learning environment for children eight to thirteen years of age. A microanalysis is presented of the situated nature of support for learning on MOOSE Crossing over the course of one weekend where a twelve-year-old girl learned to write simple computer programs. 3 Situated Support for Learning: Storm’s Weekend with Rachael 1. Introduction 1.1 Storm’s Weekend with Rachael One Friday afternoon in April of 1996, I accepted the MOOSE Crossing application of a new member, a twelve-year-old girl who chose the character name Storm1, and then I left town for the weekend. MOOSE Crossing is a text-based virtual world (or “MUD”) designed to be a constructionist learning environment for children (Bruckman 1997, Bruckman 1998). Children on MOOSE Crossing are creating a virtual world out of words, making magical places and creatures that have behaviors. -
Yib's Guide to Mooing
Yib’s Guide to MOOing Getting the Most from Virtual Communities on the Internet Elizabeth Hess Table of Contents Foreword....................................................................................................................iii Acknowledgements.....................................................................................................v Introduction ...............................................................................................................1 Part I Fundamentals ...................................................................................................5 Chapter 1 – The Basics ................................................................................................7 Getting Started........................................................................................................7 Basic Communications............................................................................................9 Requesting a Character and Getting Settled In ...................................................... 14 Chapter 2 – How Do They Do That?.......................................................................... 21 Overview............................................................................................................... 21 A Very Brief Introduction to Objects ..................................................................... 21 Exploring an Object-Oriented World..................................................................... 22 Moving Around in a MOO................................................................................... -
Collaborative Networked Communication: Muds As Systems Tools
The following paper was originally presented at the Seventh System Administration Conference (LISA ’93) Monterey, California, November, 1993 Collaborative Networked Communication: MUDs as Systems Tools Remy Evard Northeastern University For more information about USENIX Association contact: 1. Phone: 510 528-8649 2. FAX: 510 548-5738 3. Email: [email protected] 4. WWW URL: http://www.usenix.org Collaborative Networked Communication: MUDs as Systems Tools Rémy Evard – Northeastern University ABSTRACT A systems administration group is only as effective as its internal communication mechanisms. On-line communication has traditionally been managed via electronic mail or news, which are neither real-time nor truly collaborative. Communication tools which let multiple parties work together in real-time have become widespread on the Internet in the last several years. In an effort to keep a physically disjoint systems staff working together effectively, we have explored the use of MUDs as communications tools. By allowing many people to interact in an extensible environment, MUDs have solved many of the problems that we had with on-line communication, and provided many unexpected benefits as well. Introduction related projects each term of the school year as part of a volunteer program, and may put in as much Multi User Dungeons, or MUDs, are widely time as the full-time staff (or perhaps more). used on the Internet as interactive role-playing games. They use valuable network resources, attract With this many people involved in systems pro- unruly users, and are often run by students who jects, coordination and communication become didn’t quite bother to ask the permission of the local essential to making effective progress.