DOCSLIB.ORG

The Role of the Marine Surveyor How to Survey

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Role of the Marine Surveyor How to Survey ISSU DECEMBER E 86 92 PAGES 2018 BIGGETHEST EVER! REPORT The Magazine of the International Institute of Marine Surveying The role of the marine surveyor ...a P&I Club’s perspective REPOrt ON THE IIMS MUMBAI SYMPOSIUM THE FUTURE OF THE ISM CODE THE CASE FOR PHOTOGRAMMETRY How to survey IN MARITIME SURVEYS wooden boats REVIEW OF 2018 ...a step by step guide THE REPORT The Magazine of the International Institute of Marine Surveying DECEMBER 2018 • IssuE 86 Contents 04 • EditOR’S LEttER 62 • AFTER A caREER at SEA, WHY NOT WORK AS A 05 • THE PRESIDENT’S MARINE CONSULtaNT? 36 COLUMN 66 • MICRO ROVs ENABLERS 06 • IIMS ORGANisatiON FOR MARINE SURVEYORS AND STRUctURE 70 • CARGO INTEGRITY - 07 • MARINE NEWS tHE NEED FOR A 13 • SAFETY BRIEFINGS UNIFIED APPROacH 18 • MEMBER NEWS 74 • SHIPPING FEARS ENGINE 25 • REPORT ON FAILURES AS INDUSTRY tHE IIMS INDIA sWitcHES TO LOW BRANCH MUMBAI sULPHUR FUEL SYMPOSIUM 2018 76 • THE CASE FOR 28 • ARE YOU maKING PHOTOGRammETRY IN 25 tHE MOST OF YOUR MARITIME SURVEYS IIMS MEMBERSHIP? 80 • NEW PRODUCTS 30 • 2018 - A YEAR OF 84 • A daY IN THE LIFE OF... PEAKS AND TROUGHS MILIND TamBE 36 • THE ROLE OF THE maRINE SURVEYOR - a P&I CLUb’S 43 PERSPEctivE 43 • TWENTY YEARS OF 76 tHE ISM CODE - SO WHat NEXT? 46 • LOAD MEASUREMENT FOR vaLidatiON AND data COLLEctiON 50 • HOW TO SURVEY 50 WOODEN BOats The Report • December 2018 • Issue 86 | 3 Editor’s Letter Dear IIMS Member his expertly written, in depth feature Reviewing the year has become on this subject – see page 50. something of a tradition for me Preparing each issue of The Report now. I am a firm believer that it is Magazine is great fun and a job Photogrammetry may be a new important to mark an organisation’s that I always enjoy. It is a labour of word to some readers, but in an progress and to share the successes love in many respects and getting interview with Experts-Yachts’ and challenges faced too. You can the balance of content right is Jean Sans, he explains the case find my slightly longer than usual, a challenge. Then it is a case of for photogrammetry and its use honest and frank review of 2018 commissioning suitable writers who in marine surveying. Read Jean’s starting on page 30. are experts in their field to prepare interview from page 76. relevant content. So much of The Honorary Fellow and ex India Report magazine content these days Charlie Carter has authored an Branch Regional Director, Milind is especially written for you and I am informative piece in which he argues Tambe, is featured in ‘A day in the most grateful to those authors who that the sailing world is ready for life of’ and as you will discover give their time for your benefit. technology revolution. With hi-tech from page 84, he is a man of data acquisition systems becoming considerable hidden talents. I promised to deliver more editorial more affordable, he believes we will content for yacht and small craft be seeing some exiting new products There is a wealth of membership surveyors in this issue of the Report reaching the market in the coming news to catch up on, including a and believe that box is firmly ticked. years. See page 46. roundup of the many successful The role of the marine surveyor - a training events and seminars we P&I club’s perspective is one of two The ISM Code has celebrated its have run recently, including the one lead articles. Jason Wee is Claims twentieth birthday in 2018. I am day India Branch Symposium held Director at Charles Taylor Mutual grateful to Yves Vandenborn, who in Mumbai. Management (Asia) Pte. Limited, acknowledges the progress made, but managers of The Standard Club Asia believes that the Code can be further If you celebrate Christmas, it only Ltd and is perfectly placed to share adapted in the years ahead in what is remains for me to wish you all the his opinions. In his article he explains an insightful article on page 43. best for the festive period, good clearly and concisely the role of the luck and much success for 2019. surveyor and what the P&I club looks Past President, Capt Bertrand Apperry, for and expects. theorises in his article from page 62 Survey well. about - After a career at sea, why not Surveying a wooden boat is work as a marine consultant? Nick something surveyors in the UK do less Parkyn discusses micro ROVs enablers and less of, but I am well aware that for marine surveyors - see page 66; wood remains an essential material Ellen Milligan (Bloomberg) tackles the elsewhere in the world. Therefore topic of shipping fears engine failures Mike Schwarz I am grateful to Mike Andrews, a as industry switches to low sulphur Chief Executive Officer specialist wooden boat surveyor, for fuel (page 74). International Institute of Marine Surveying President: Capt Zarir Irani (FIIMS) Chief Executive Officer: Mr Mike Schwarz Vice President: Mr Geoff Waddington (FIIMS) Immediate Past President: Mr Adam Brancher (FIIMS) Deputy Vice President: Mr Peter Broad (FIIMS) Head Office Team Mrs Camella Robertson ....Membership Secretary & Office Manager Miss Jen Argent ................Management Accountant Mrs Tania Bernice .............Certifying Authority Administrator Miss Elly Bryant ................Accounts Support Administrator Mr David Parsons .............Administrative, Services & Social Media Co-ordinator Mrs Hilary Excell ...............Marine Surveying Academy Business Manager Miss Cathryn Ward ...........Education, Training & Events Co-ordinator Mrs Pui Si Chung ..............MSA Accreditation Scheme Administrator Mr Craig Williams.............Graphic Designer Mrs Sharon Holland .........MSA Events & Course Co-ordinator Tel: +44 (0) 23 9238 5223 | Email: [email protected] | IIMS, Murrills House, 48 East Street, Portchester, Hampshire, PO16 9XS, UK | www.iims.org.uk © The International Institute of Marine Surveying 2018 - The Institute and authors accept no responsibility for any opinions, statements or errors made in any article, feature or letter published in this Magazine. 4 | The Report • December 2018 • Issue 86 The President’s Column Dear IIMS Member as to how it was conducted and a huge contribution on how the a lot of kudos should go to the conference flowed and how it was Good day from sunny Dubai. I IIMS team at our headquarters at received. Full marks to the Indian write to you with a great deal of Portchester who were responsible branch and we look forward to enthusiasm and optimism for 2019. for coordinating it and making many more successful conferences I say this because it will be our UAE it such a success. If I have one like this. Branch’s 10th anniversary year. And small observation is was that in readiness, we have already kick unfortunately we had very little In the meantime I have been started our preparations for the involvement from the students and receiving a large number of emails IIMS Dubai Conference to be held the younger members amongst our from members and there is a lot in November 2019. Our Conference surveying fraternity. It was targeted of positive feedback as to how the partner will be Maritime Sky and towards those amongst our group Institute has made a conscious the venue will be on board the who operate in inconvenient time effort to reach out to the global famous Queen Elizabeth 2 which is zones and who do not have the fraternity recently, its branches and docked at Port Rashid in the heart opportunity to travel frequently. I the members who are operating of old Dubai. As I write the final sincerely hope that they have seen far and wide. I look forward to dates are being checked for any the value in it and will participate in working with Mike and his team at conflicts and you will be notified the next one in larger numbers. Headquarters to continue to make as soon as they are finalized. our institute move ahead with The IIMS Mumbai symposium technological advances and a very We are extremely excited about which I attended on 10th October positive outlook towards improving the conference which will mark 2018 was a great success. One of professionalism not just closer to such a milestone and please accept the highlights was the attendance home but also in the wider marine this as an early invitation to those of the Indian Director General of surveying fraternity globally. who intend participating at this Shipping, Dr. Malini Shankar who conference. I personally assure you personally opened the conference. It I end with wishing each one of you that it will be a conference well was very rewarding to see the senior a very happy holiday season with worth attending. professionals amongst us, having friends and family, and here’s to a such lively discussions at the end of great 2019 ahead. Saying that, we have had good practically every speaking session. response to our Marine Surveying International Fest webinar on the The conference was kept to a tight 6th and 7th November 2018 in schedule by the organizer M/s. which we collaborated with the Offing and the presenters were Capt. Zarir Irani, President Nautical Institute. I personally required to keep strictly to their 20 International Institute of Marine Surveying received a lot of positive responses minute slots. The audience made Email: [email protected] The Report • December 2018 • Issue 86 | 5 IIMS Organisation & Structure Directors of IIMS and Management Board Members Other Management Board Members Capt Allen Brink HonFIIMS Capt John Noble HonFIIMS, Chairman Administration & Education Capt Chris Kelly FIIMS, Chairman Professional Assessment Committee Mr Paul Homer HonFIIMS, Chairman Standards Mr Fraser Noble FIIMS, Chairman Certifying Authority & Finance Mr John Excell FIIMS, Chairman of Yacht & Small Craft Surveying Mr John Heath HonFIIMS, Technical Director Mr James Renn FIIMS, USA In-Country Representative Mr Geo Waddington FIIMS, Vice President Capt Zarir Irani FIIMS, President, Regional Director Mr Adam Brancher FIIMS, Immediate Past President Regional Directors In-Country Edward OConnor, Canada Representatives Mr Monday Ogadina, West Africa Mr R Rozar, Reunion & Mauritius Eng.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Electric Marine Vessels and Aquanaut Crafts
    ELECTRIC MARINE VESSELS AND AQUANAUT CRAFTS. [3044] The invention is related to Electro motive and electric generating clean and green, Zero Emission and sustainable marine vessels, ships, boats and the like. Applicable for Submersible and semisubmersible vessels as well as Hydrofoils and air-cushioned craft, speeding on the body of water and submerged in the body of water. The Inventions provides a Steam Ship propelled by the kinetic force of steam or by the generated electric current provided by the steam turbine generator to a magnet motor and generator. Wind turbine provided on the above deck generating electric current by wind and hydroelectric turbines made below the hull mounted under the hull. Mounted in the duct of the hull or in the hull made partial longitudinal holes. Magnet motor driven the rotor in the omnidirectional nacelle while electricity is generating in the machine stator while the turbine rotor or screw propeller is operating. The turbine rotor for propulsion is a capturing device in contrary to a wind, steam turbine or hydro turbine rotor blades. [3045] The steam electric ship generates electricity and desalinates sea water when applicable. [3046] Existing propulsion engines for ships are driven by diesel and gas engines and hybrid engines, with at least one angle adjustable screw propeller mounted on the propeller shaft with a surrounding tubular shroud mounted around the screw propeller with a fluid gap or mounted without a shroud mounted below the hull at the aft. The duct comprises: a first portion of which horizontal width is varied from one side to the other side; and a second portion connected to one side of the first portion and having the uniform horizontal width.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2014 OUR VISION
    AMOS Centre for Autonomous Marine Operations and Systems Annual Report 2014 Annual Report OUR VISION To establish a world-leading research centre for autonomous marine operations and systems: To nourish a lively scientific heart in which fundamental knowledge is created through multidisciplinary theoretical, numerical, and experimental research within the knowledge fields of hydrodynamics, structural mechanics, guidance, navigation, and control. Cutting-edge inter-disciplinary research will provide the necessary bridge to realise high levels of autonomy for ships and ocean structures, unmanned vehicles, and marine operations and to address the challenges associated with greener and safer maritime transport, monitoring and surveillance of the coast and oceans, offshore renewable energy, and oil and gas exploration and production in deep waters and Arctic waters. Editors: Annika Bremvåg and Thor I. Fossen Copyright AMOS, NTNU, 2014 www.ntnu.edu/amos AMOS • Annual Report 2014 Table of Contents Our Vision ........................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Director’s Report: Licence to Create............................................................................................................................. 4 Organization, Collaborators, and Facts and Figures 2014 ......................................................................................... 6 Presentation of New Affiliated Scientists...................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Development of the Crew Dragon ECLSS
    ICES-2020-333 Development of the Crew Dragon ECLSS Jason Silverman1, Andrew Irby2, and Theodore Agerton3 Space Exploration Technologies, Hawthorne, California, 90250 SpaceX designed the Crew Dragon spacecraft to be the safest ever flown and to restore the ability of the United States to launch astronauts. One of the key systems required for human flight is the Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS), which was designed to work in concert with the spacesuit and spacecraft. The tight coupling of many subsystems combined with an emphasis on simplicity and fault tolerance created unique challenges and opportunities for the design team. During the development of the crew ECLSS, the Dragon 1 cargo spacecraft flew with a simple ECLSS for animals, providing an opportunity for technology development and the early characterization of system-level behavior. As the ECLSS design matured a series of tests were conducted, including with humans in a prototype capsule in November 2016, the Demo-1 test flight to the ISS in March 2019, and human-in-the-loop ground testing in the Demo-2 capsule in January 2020 before the same vehicle performs a crewed test flight. This paper describes the design and operations of the ECLSS, the development process, and the lessons learned. Nomenclature AC = air conditioning AQM = air quality monitor AVV = active vent valve CCiCap = Commercial Crew Integrated Capability CCtCap = Commercial Crew Transportation Capability CFD = computational fluid dynamics conops = concept of operations COPV = composite overwrapped
    [Show full text]
  • Commercial Orbital Transportation Services
    National Aeronautics and Space Administration Commercial Orbital Transportation Services A New Era in Spaceflight NASA/SP-2014-617 Commercial Orbital Transportation Services A New Era in Spaceflight On the cover: Background photo: The terminator—the line separating the sunlit side of Earth from the side in darkness—marks the changeover between day and night on the ground. By establishing government-industry partnerships, the Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) program marked a change from the traditional way NASA had worked. Inset photos, right: The COTS program supported two U.S. companies in their efforts to design and build transportation systems to carry cargo to low-Earth orbit. (Top photo—Credit: SpaceX) SpaceX launched its Falcon 9 rocket on May 22, 2012, from Cape Canaveral, Florida. (Second photo) Three days later, the company successfully completed the mission that sent its Dragon spacecraft to the Station. (Third photo—Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls) Orbital Sciences Corp. sent its Antares rocket on its test flight on April 21, 2013, from a new launchpad on Virginia’s eastern shore. Later that year, the second Antares lifted off with Orbital’s cargo capsule, (Fourth photo) the Cygnus, that berthed with the ISS on September 29, 2013. Both companies successfully proved the capability to deliver cargo to the International Space Station by U.S. commercial companies and began a new era of spaceflight. ISS photo, center left: Benefiting from the success of the partnerships is the International Space Station, pictured as seen by the last Space Shuttle crew that visited the orbiting laboratory (July 19, 2011). More photos of the ISS are featured on the first pages of each chapter.
    [Show full text]
  • Japan Cargo Spacecraft Docks at ISS 18 September 2009
    Japan cargo spacecraft docks at ISS 18 September 2009 It was the first time that astronauts operate a Canadian robotic arm at the ISS to dock a spacecraft at the station. The HTV carried 4.5 tonnes of supplies, including food and daily necessities for the six ISS crew, as well as materials for experiments, such as seeds for growing plants in space. The 10-metre (33-foot) long cylindrical vehicle, which cost 20 billion yen (217 million dollars), will soon unload the supplies. It will later take waste materials and return to Earth, burning up as it re-enters the atmosphere. Japan has spent 68 billion yen developing the vehicle, which could be modified in future to carry Japan's first cargo spacecraft arrived at the International humans. Space Station on Friday after astronauts aboard the station grabbed and docked it using a robotic arm. The docking came a week after the Japan Aerospace (c) 2009 AFP Exploration Agency (JAXA) launched the unmanned HTV transportation vehicle atop an H-2B rocket (in picture). Japan's first cargo spacecraft arrived at the International Space Station (ISS) on Friday after astronauts aboard the station grabbed and docked it using a robotic arm. The docking came a week after the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) launched the unmanned HTV transportation vehicle atop an H-2B rocket. The HTV is Japan's first freighter spacecraft aiming for a share of space transport after the retirement of the US space shuttle fleet next year. "I'm so relieved because I was feeling the pressure and responsibility," Koji Yamanaka, the flight director in charge of the cargo mission, told reporters at Japan's Tsukuba space centre.
    [Show full text]
  • Espinsights the Global Space Activity Monitor
    ESPInsights The Global Space Activity Monitor Issue 2 May–June 2019 CONTENTS FOCUS ..................................................................................................................... 1 European industrial leadership at stake ............................................................................ 1 SPACE POLICY AND PROGRAMMES .................................................................................... 2 EUROPE ................................................................................................................. 2 9th EU-ESA Space Council .......................................................................................... 2 Europe’s Martian ambitions take shape ......................................................................... 2 ESA’s advancements on Planetary Defence Systems ........................................................... 2 ESA prepares for rescuing Humans on Moon .................................................................... 3 ESA’s private partnerships ......................................................................................... 3 ESA’s international cooperation with Japan .................................................................... 3 New EU Parliament, new EU European Space Policy? ......................................................... 3 France reflects on its competitiveness and defence posture in space ...................................... 3 Germany joins consortium to support a European reusable rocket.........................................
    [Show full text]
  • GUIDANCE, NAVIGATION, and CONTROL 2020 AAS PRESIDENT Carol S
    GUIDANCE, NAVIGATION, AND CONTROL 2020 AAS PRESIDENT Carol S. Lane Cynergy LLC VICE PRESIDENT – PUBLICATIONS James V. McAdams KinetX Inc. EDITOR Jastesh Sud Lockheed Martin Space SERIES EDITOR Robert H. Jacobs Univelt, Incorporated Front Cover Illustration: Image: Checkpoint-Rehearsal-Movie-1024x720.gif Caption: “OSIRIS-REx Buzzes Sample Site Nightingale” Photo and Caption Credit: NASA/Goddard/University of Arizona Public Release Approval: Per multimedia guidelines from NASA Frontispiece Illustration: Image: NASA_Orion_EarthRise.jpg Caption: “Orion Primed for Deep Space Exploration” Photo Credit: NASA Public Release Approval: Per multimedia guidelines from NASA GUIDANCE, NAVIGATION, AND CONTROL 2020 Volume 172 ADVANCES IN THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES Edited by Jastesh Sud Proceedings of the 43rd AAS Rocky Mountain Section Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference held January 30 to February 5, 2020, Breckenridge, Colorado Published for the American Astronautical Society by Univelt, Incorporated, P.O. Box 28130, San Diego, California 92198 Web Site: http://www.univelt.com Copyright 2020 by AMERICAN ASTRONAUTICAL SOCIETY AAS Publications Office P.O. Box 28130 San Diego, California 92198 Affiliated with the American Association for the Advancement of Science Member of the International Astronautical Federation First Printing 2020 Library of Congress Card No. 57-43769 ISSN 0065-3438 ISBN 978-0-87703-669-2 (Hard Cover Plus CD ROM) ISBN 978-0-87703-670-8 (Digital Version) Published for the American Astronautical Society by Univelt, Incorporated, P.O. Box 28130, San Diego, California 92198 Web Site: http://www.univelt.com Printed and Bound in the U.S.A. FOREWORD HISTORICAL SUMMARY The annual American Astronautical Society Rocky Mountain Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference began as an informal exchange of ideas and reports of achievements among local guidance and control specialists.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Asteroid Exploitation Mission Blue Team - Space Vehicle
    SD2905 - HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT 1 Human asteroid exploitation mission Blue team - Space Vehicle Jeremy BEK, Clement´ BORNE, Anton KABJ˚ ORN¨ and Filippo POZZI Abstract—Asteroid rendez-vous and mining is one step Where a is one astronomical unit, MC the mass towards deep space exploration and interplanetary jour- of the Earth and M@ those of the Sun. The lunar neys, and it could prove to be a very lucrative endeavour. distance LD is 384 400 km so the asteroid is outside This paper tackles the space vehicle design associated of Earth’s sphere of influence. The orbital period with the hypothetical mission. It presents background, challenges and solutions linked with spacecraft design. The is one year, just like Earth, and so its seen period structure, mass, cost and technology readiness level (TRL) around Earth is also one year. This means that of the different systems composing the space vehicles are whichever trajectory is chosen, there is a launch described in the report. window every year at the same period. Index Terms—Spacecraft design, Asteroid, Mining, Technology Readiness Level. I. INTRODUCTION Designing a space vehicle for a certain mission is a complicated task that contains many parameters and variables. Even more so, for a particularly ambitious mission like asteroid mining. However, this paper constitutes a preliminary study of what Fig. 1. Orbit of 469219 Kamo’oalewa could resemble such a mission, from a vehicle point of view. The study tackles various topics, such as trajectory III. LAUNCHERS calculations, launcher considerations, or spacecraft The launch is the first part of a spaceflight. For the design.
    [Show full text]
  • Trafalgar Square Publishing Spring 2016 Don’T Miss Contents
    Trafalgar Square Publishing Spring 2016 Don’t Miss Contents Animals/Pets .....................................................................120, 122–124, 134–135 28 Planting Design Architecture .................................................................................... 4–7, 173–174 for Dry Gardens Art .......................................................8–9, 10, 12, 18, 25–26 132, 153, 278, 288 Autobiography/Biography ..............37–38, 41, 105–106, 108–113, 124, 162–169, 179–181, 183, 186, 191, 198, 214, 216, 218, 253, 258–259, 261, 263–264, 267, 289, 304 Body, Mind, Spirit ....................................................................................... 33–34 Business ................................................................................................... 254–256 Classics ....................................................................................43–45, 47–48, 292 Cooking ......................................................1, 11, 14–15, 222–227, 229–230–248 Crafts & Hobbies .............................................................................21–24, 26–27 85 The Looking Design ......................................................................................................... 19–20 Glass House Erotica .................................................................................................... 102–103 Essays .............................................................................................................. 292 Fiction ...............................................42,
    [Show full text]
  • The Economic Contribution of the UK Leisure Marine Industry a Cebr Report for Maritime UK August 2019
    15 Figure 4: The estimated GVA of the leisure marine industry against comparable industries in 2017, and growth against the 2010 GVA (£ million) Growth since 2010 (RHS) 1,200 250% 1,000 200% 800 150% 600 £ million 100% 400 50% Growth 2010 on level 200 0 0% Fitness facilities Libraries, Retail sale of Activities of Renting and Leisure marine archives, books in amusement leasing of museums and specialised parks and recreational and other cultural stores theme parks sports goods activities level Source: British Marine, FAME, ONS, Cebr analysis In terms of the direct GVA contribution in 2017, the leisure marine industry was larger than all bar fitness facilities (£1.1 billion compared to £1.0 billion). This exceeded the direct GVA contributions from libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities; retail sale of books in specialised stores; activities of amusement parks and theme parks and the renting and leasing of recreational and sports goods. Considering the growth rates since 2010, the leisure marine industry has performed slightly worse, although still grew by 20%, exceeding the GVA growth of the retail sale of books in specialised stores.10 10 Based on methodological difficulties in defining the GVA of the Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities industry, a negative GVA was recorded in 2010, distorting the growth rate from this year to 2017. As such, to maintain comparability this has been removed. © Centre for Economics and Business Research 34 6 The UK leisure marine industry: A forward look In this final section of the report we present projections of the leisure marine industry for the period 2019- 2023.
    [Show full text]
  • An Assessment of Cost Improvements in the NASA COTS/CRS Program and Implications for Future NASA Missions
    An Assessment of Cost Improvements in the NASA COTS/CRS Program and Implications for Future NASA Missions Edgar Zapataa National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Kennedy Space Center, FL, 32899 In May 2012, the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft became the first commercial spacecraft to arrive at the International Space Station (ISS). This achievement, and that of other partners in the NASA Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) program, would surface difficult questions about NASA’s other more traditional development processes and their traditionally high costs. The cost of the non-traditional COTS public private partnership for the development of spacecraft and launch systems, and later the prices for services to deliver cargo to the ISS, would be praised or criticized by one measure of cost versus another, often with little regard for consistency or data. The goal here is to do the math, to bring rigorous life cycle cost (LCC) analysis into discussions about COTS program costs. We gather publicly available cost data, review the data for credibility, check for consistency among sources, and rigorously define and analyze specific cost metrics. This paper shows quantitatively that the COTS development and later the operational Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) are significant advances in affordability by any measure. To understand measureable improvements in context, we also create and analyze an apples-to-apples scenario where the Space Shuttle would have fulfilled the ISS cargo requirement versus the COTS/CRS launchers and spacecraft. Alternately, we review valid questions that arise where measures or comparisons are not easy or break down, with no quantitative path to clear conclusions.
    [Show full text]
  • Terms Applying Only to Narrowboats and the Canals
    TERMS APPLYING ONLY TO NARROWBOATS AND THE CANALS By Jeffrey Casciani-Wood A narrowboat or narrowboat is a boat of a distinctive design, built to fit the narrow canals of Great Britain. Wikipedia This glossary covers terms that apply only to narrowboats and their environs and is included because the author firmly believes that the marine surveyor, in order to do his job properly, needs to understand extensively the background and history of the vessel he is surveying. Abutment The supporting or retaining wall of a brick, concrete or masonry structure, particularly where it joins the item (e.g. bridge girder or arch) which it supports. Advanced Electronic means of managing the charge to the batteries from the Alternator engine's alternator(s). Ensures that the batteries are more fully charged Controller and can increase useful battery life. Aegre Tidal bore or wave which is set up by the first of a flood tide as it runs up the river Trent and the word is sometimes spelt Aegir. Air Draught The overall height of a vessel measured from the water line to the highest fixed part of the superstructure. Ait A small island in the upper reaches of the river Thames and the word is sometimes spelt eyot. Anærobes Micro organisms, many exceedingly dangerous to human health, that live in the absence of free oxygen and often to be found in the condensate water settled at the bottom of diesel fuel tanks. Care is required when bleeding a fuel/water separator or when cleaning out fuel tank as their presence can lead to fuel oil problems.
    [Show full text]