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Návrh Úpravy Posilovače Řazení Manuální Převodovky Nákladního Automobilu

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Návrh Úpravy Posilovače Řazení Manuální Převodovky Nákladního Automobilu VŠB – Technická univerzita Ostrava Fakulta strojní Katedra výrobních strojů a konstruování Návrh úpravy posilovače řazení manuální převodovky nákladního automobilu Proporsal for Modifying of the Power Shift of the Truck Manual Gearbox Student: Bc. Machálek Filip Vedoucí diplomové práce: Ing. Ladislav Hrabec, Ph.D. Ostrava 2018 Místopříseţné prohlášení studenta Prohlašuji, ţe jsem celou diplomovou práci včetně příloh vypracoval samostatně pod vedením vedoucího diplomové práce a uvedl jsem všechny pouţité podklady a literaturu. V Ostravě dne 21. května 2018 .................................................... Podpis studenta Prohlašuji, ţe: jsem si vědom, ţe na tuto moji závěrečnou diplomovou práci se plně vztahuje zákon č. 121/2000 Sb. Zákon o právu autorském, o právech souvisejících s právem autorským a o změně některých zákonů (dále jen Autorský zákon), zejména § 35 (Uţití díla v rámci občanských či náboţenských obřadů nebo v rámci úředních akcí pořádaných orgány veřejné správy, v rámci školních představení a uţití díla školního) a § 60 (Školní dílo), beru na vědomí, ţe Vysoká škola báňská – Technická univerzita Ostrava (dále jen „VŠB-TUO“) má právo uţít tuto závěrečnou diplomovou práci nekomerčně ke své vnitřní potřebě (§ 35 odst. 3 Autorského zákona), Bude-li poţadováno, jeden výtisk této diplomové práce bude uloţen u vedoucího práce, s VŠB-TUO, v případě zájmu z její strany, uzavřu licenční smlouvu s oprávněním uţít dílo v rozsahu § 12 odst. 4 Autorského zákona, uţít toto své dílo, nebo poskytnout licenci k jejímu vyuţití, mohu jen se souhlasem VŠB-TUO, která je oprávněna v takovém případě ode mne poţadovat přiměřený příspěvek na úhradu nákladů, které byly VŠB-TUO na vytvoření díla vynaloţeny (aţ do jejich skutečné výše), beru na vědomí, ţe - podle zákona č. 111/1998 Sb., o vysokých školách a o změně a doplnění dalších zákonů (zákon o vysokých školách), ve znění pozdějších předpisů - ţe tato diplomová práce bude před obhajobou zveřejněna na pracovišti vedoucího práce, a v elektronické podobě uloţena a po obhajobě zveřejněna v Ústřední knihovně VŠB-TUO, a to bez ohledu na výsledek její obhajoby. V Ostravě dne 21. května 2018 .................................................... Podpis autora práce Jméno a příjmení autora práce: Bc. Filip Machálek Adresa trvalého pobytu autora práce: Hornická 22, Hlučín, 748 01 ANOTACE DIPLOMOVÉ PRÁCE MACHÁLEK FILIP. Návrh úpravy posilovače řazení manuální převodovky nákladního automobilu. Ostrava: VŠB – Technická univerzita Ostrava, Fakulta strojní, Katedra výrobních strojů a konstruování, 2018, 70 s. Vedoucí práce: Ing. Ladislav Hrabec, Ph.D. Diplomová práce se zabývá konstrukčním návrhem pneumatického posilovače řazení pro manuální převodovku Tatra 14TS210. Diplomová práce je rozdělena do tří hlavních částí. V první části seznamuje s různými typy systémů řazení, které jsou vyuţívány u nákladních automobilů Tatra a také u konkurenčních značek nákladních automobilů. Následující část se zabývá zpětnou reakcí na tyto posilovače od zákazníků. Závěrečná část se zabývá samotným konstrukčním řešením a to všech částí, jejich pevnostní kontrolou a také kontrolou funkčnosti zařízení. V přílohách jsou také výrobní výkresy vybraných částí. Klíčová slova: Tatra, posilovač řazení, manuální převodovka 14TS210, konstrukční návrh ANNOTATION OF MASTER THESIS MACHÁLEK FILIP. Proporsal for Modifying of the Power Shift of the Truck Manual Gearbox. Ostrava : VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Production Machines and Design, 2018, 70 s. Thesis head: Ing. Ladislav Hrabec, Ph.D. The thesis deals with the design of the pneumatic gearshift for manual gearbox Tatra 14TS210. The thesis is divided into three main parts. In the first part, she is familiar with the different types of systems that are used by Tatra trucks as well as with competing brands of trucks. The following section deals with feedback from customers on these boosters. The final part deals with the design itself and all the parts, their strength control as well as the control of the functionality of the equipment. In the annexes there are also production drawings of selected parts. Keywords: Tatra, power shift, manual gearbox 14TS210, concept design Obsah 1. O automobilce TATRA .................................................................................................... 12 2. Souhrn převodovek a posilovačů řazení vozidel TATRA ................................................ 14 2.1 Nákladní vozidla TATRA .......................................................................................... 14 2.1.1 TATRA FORCE ................................................................................................. 15 2.1.2 TATRA TERRA ................................................................................................. 17 2.1.3 TATRA PHOENIX E5 a E6 ............................................................................... 19 2.1.4 TATRA TACTIC ................................................................................................ 20 2.2 Pouţívané převodovky u nákladních vozidel TATRA .............................................. 21 2.2.1 TATRA 10TS/14TS ............................................................................................ 21 2.2.2 TATRA-NORGREN .......................................................................................... 22 2.2.3 ZF ........................................................................................................................ 23 2.2.4 Allison ................................................................................................................. 25 2.2.5 Sestupné převody TATRA .................................................................................. 25 2.3 Pouţívané posilovače řazení u nákladních vozidel TATRA ...................................... 26 2.3.1 Pneumatický posilovač řazení ............................................................................ 27 2.3.2 Hydraulický posilovač řazení ............................................................................. 27 2.3.3 Elektro-mechanický posilovač řazení ................................................................. 27 2.4 Posilovače řazení převodovky TATRA 14TS210 ...................................................... 28 2.4.1 Mechanicko-pneumatický posilovač TATRA .................................................... 28 2.4.2 Pneumatický posilovač TATRA-NORGREN .................................................... 30 2.4.3 Posilovče řazení převodovky ZF Eco ................................................................. 32 2.5 Jiné posilovače řazení ................................................................................................ 33 2.5.1 Posilovač Scania ................................................................................................. 33 2.5.2 Posilovač Agrotron ............................................................................................. 34 2.5.3 Elektromagnetické a hydraulické posilovače ..................................................... 34 3. Problematika posilovačů řazení TATRA .......................................................................... 35 3.1 Mechanicko-pneumatický posilovač TATRA ........................................................... 35 3.2 Pneumatický posilovač TATRA-NORGREN............................................................ 35 3.3 Poţadavky kladené na posilovač řazení ..................................................................... 35 4. Konstrukční návrh posilovače řazení ................................................................................ 36 4.1 Návrh posilovače řazení ............................................................................................. 36 4.1.1 Pneumatický posilovač (píst) .............................................................................. 37 4.1.2 Řídicí mechanismus posilovače .......................................................................... 40 4.1.3 Hřídel posilovače ................................................................................................ 41 4.1.4 Řadicí palec ......................................................................................................... 43 4.1.5 Pomocný řadící palec .......................................................................................... 45 4.1.6 Pomocný vstupní palec ....................................................................................... 47 4.1.7 Tělo posilovače ................................................................................................... 49 4.1.8 Víko posilovače .................................................................................................. 53 4.1.9 Příruba posilovače ............................................................................................... 53 4.1.10 Mechanismus proti špatnému zařazení ............................................................... 54 4.1.11 Vstupní hřídel volby ........................................................................................... 56 4.1.12 Volba loţisek a kluzných elementů .................................................................... 58 4.1.13 Vstupní páky řazení ............................................................................................ 59 4.1.14 Magnetický šroub ............................................................................................... 59 4.2 Kontrola kolizí posilovače řazení s převodovkou/rámem vozidla ............................
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