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ED 208 864 IR 009 776 Information Technology in Educstion DOCONENT RESUME ED 208 864 IR 009 776 TITLE Information Technology in EducStion; Perspectiyes and Potentials. Report Prepared for the Subcommittee on Science, Retearch and TeChnology of the Committee on Science and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, Ninety-Sixth Congress, Second 'Session. INSTITUTION Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Congressional Research Service. SPONS AGENCY . __Congress of the U.S., Washington, D.C. House Committee on Science and Technology. PUB DATE Dec 80 NOTE 348p.; Serial'WQ. Pages 201-255 and 207-303 will not reproduce due to the size of type in the original document. For related document, see ED 198 816. AVAILABLE FROM Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 (1981. 77-352-0). EDRS PRICE MF01/PC14 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Computers; *Educational Technology; *Futures (of Society); Government Role; Hearings; *Information Science: Microcomputers: *Outcomes of Education; *Policy Formation; Research Needs; *Technological , Advancement; Telecommunications; Video Equipment IDENTIFIERS Computer Literacy; Congress 96th; Microelectronics; *National Policy o ABSTRACT This report is a current review and exposition of the '.'role df information technology in education, with particular emphasis on the perspectives of leaders in the field and their views regarding its many potentials. The purpose of the study is to present an overview of the hearings and associated workshop on this topic held during the 96th Congress, within the broader context of a perceived need ,for the creation and implementation of a cohesive national policy governing the management of our information resources. Not Only are the thematic and factual contents of these sessions analyzed and synthesized, but their commentary on the state of education in the United States and the impact of advanced technology is attuued to the special interests of those legislative oversight groups which must plan for the future. (Author/LLS) *********************************************************************** Reproductions Supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. 443000044############*##########################*4#########****######### . U.S. WART/AM OF EDUCATION NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERICI *This document has beenreproduced as received from the person or orjanuation onginaong 30111tITTEE PRINT] Minor changes have been made to improve reproducbon qualm. Points of view or opinxins stated in this &sou merit do not necessarily represent official NIE position or pokey INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INEDUCATION: PERSPECTIVES AND POTENTIALS REPORT PREPARED FOR THE %X) SUBCOMMITTEE ON CD SCIENCE, RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY QO O OP TI32 r\J COMMITTEE ON c SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NINETY-SIXTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION BY IBM CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS Serial QQQ DECEMBER 1980 Printed for the nie of the Committee on Scienceand Technology U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OHTICE 77-31U 0 WASHINGTON : 1981 .. ., JOMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DON FUQUA, Florida, Chairman ROBERT A. ROE, New Jersey JOHN W. WYDLER, New York MIKE McCORMACK, Washington LARRY WINN, Ja., Kansas GEORGE E. BROWN; Ja., California BARRY M. GOLDWATER, JR., California JAMES IL SCHEUER. New Yo,rk HAMILTON FISH, Ja., New York RICHARD L. OTTINGER, New York MANUEL LUJAN, JR., New Mexico TOM HARKIN, Iowa HAROLD C. HOLLENBECK, New Jersey JEROME A. AMBRO, New York ROBERT K. DORNAN, California JIM LLOYD. California ROBERT S. WALKER, Pennsylvania MARILYN LLOYD BOUQUARD, TennesseeEDWIN B. FORSYTHE, New Jersey JAMES J. BLANCHARD, Michigan KEN KRAMER, Colorado DOUG WALOREN, Pennsylvania WILLIAM CARNEY, New York RONNIE G. FLIPPO, Alabama ROBERT W. DAVIS, Michigan DAN GLICKMAN, Kansas TOBY ROTH, Wisconsin ALBERT GORE, J ;., Tennessee DONALD LAWRENCE RITTER, WES WATKINS, Oklahoma Pennsylvania ROBERT A. YOUNG, hilssocri BILL ROYER, California RICHARD C. WHITE, Texas HAROLD L. VOLKMER. Missouri DONALD J. PEASE, Ohio HOWARD WOLPE, Michigan NICHOLAS MAVROULES, Massachusetts BILL NELSON, Florida BERYL ANTHONY, Ja., Arkansas STANLEY N. LUNDINE, New York ALLEN E. ERTEL, Pennsylvania KENT HANCE, Texas HAROLD P. HANSON, Executive Director PHILIP B. YEAGER, General Counsel REGINA A. DAVIS, Administrator Pot. A. VANDER MYDE, Minority Staff Director , t K1 SSUBCOMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY GEORGE E. BROWN, Ja.. Chairman JAMES H. SCHEUER, New York HAROLD C. HOLLENBECK, New Jersey DONALD J. PEASE, Ohio ROBERT W. DAVIS, Michigan ' TOM HARKIN, Iowa - DONALD LAWRENCE RITTER, ALLEN E. ERTEL. Pennsylvania Pennsylvania KENT HANCE, Texas WES WATKINS, Oklahoma 3 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL COMIIITIME ON SCIENCEAND TECHNOLOGY, U.S. HOUSE OP REPRESEN:ATIVES, Washington, D.C., December 22, 1980. Hon. DON FUQUA, Chairman, Committeeon Science and Technology, U.S. Howe of Rep- mentatines,Washington, D.C. DEAR Dow : Weare transmitting herewith a report, "Information Technology in Education:Perspectives and Potentials", preparedby the Congressional ResearchService at the joint request of theSubcom- mittee on Science, Researchand Technology of the Committeeon Sci- ence and Technology and the Subcommitteeon Select Education of the Coininittee on Education and Labor. The Subcommittees requestedan analysis by CRS of their joint hearings and workshop held inApril, 1980 on. Information Tech- nology in Education and ofrelated issues from the October 1979 hearings on Information and priate in Education. The transmittedCommunications Technologies Appro- the first being conclusions and report consists of two parts, of the Subcommittee recommendations written by the staff on Science, Research and Technology basedon the hearings and the.CRS analysis. The witnesses at both sets ofhearings stressed the importance for our nation's economic interests of developing skillsin information technology through educationand training. The Subcommittee be= lieves that this report providesa useful analysis of. the actual and potential contributions of informationto the quality and productivity of the educationalprocess itself, as well as to the improvement of general scientific and technologicalliteracy in our society. Wecom- mend it to our attention andto the attention of the Members of the Committee on Science and Technology. Sincerely, GEORGE E. BROWN, Jr., Chairman, Subcommitteeon Science, Research and Technology. 4 LETTER OF SUBMITTAL CONGRESSIONAL REAPARCH SERVICE, TEE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, Washington, D.C., December 19,1980. Hon. GEORGE E. BROWN, Jr., Chairman, Subcommittee on Science, Research and T echnvicgy, Com- mittee on Science and Technology,avel Hon. PAUL SIMON Chairman, Subcommittee on Select Education, Committeeon Educa- tion and Labor, Ilduse of Representatives, Washington, D.C. DEAR MESSRS. BROWN AND SixoN : I am pleased to submit this report entitled "Information Technology in Education: Perspectives and Potentials," prepared at the joint request of the Subcommittee on Science, Research and Technology of the Committee on Science and Technology and the Subcommittee on Select Education of the Com- mittee on Education and Labor, both of the U.S. House of Rep- resentatives. This study presents an overview of the roles and impacts of in- formationtechnologycomputers,telecommunications,teaching machines, audio and video devicesassociated with its application in the educational environment. Following an executive summary which sets forth the essential facts and associated Observations related, to this complex topiC, an intro- ductory section underscores the objective of -the report, the multi- faceted significance of the problem, and possible options for congres- sional L'itiative. The evolution of the various technologies now em- ployed b:,- educational administrators and instructors is examined in order to establish a suitable basis for determining better their future potential. Next, a chronology of selected events and reports reflecting key public and private sector endeavors is available, after which an exposition of legislative ac,tions by six Congresses (during the period 1969-1980) is presented. The focal area of the report, as directed by the requesters, is a series of two hearings plus a technical workshop conducted during the 96th Congress. These are treated in detail, as the I witness statements and their exchanges with congressional personnel are discussed within the context of stated objectives and prior legisla- tive enactments. The recommendations of the six workshop groups, along with a useful identification of salient issues, also are featured. A series of appendicesflers pertinent illustrative project descriptions, milestone writings, and selective material on legislative measures. The direction of this nroject was the responsibility of Robert L. Chartrand, our Senior Snecialist in Information Policy and Tech- nology, who was the chief author and editor. Jerry Borrell, Research .5 VI Assistant to the Senior Specialist, prepared Chapters II and III, performed the extensive background research requisite for Chapter IV, and helped assemble the numerous appendices. Manuscript prep- aration was accomplished with the significant contribution of Hilde- gard Cote, executive secretary to the Senior Specialist. The manu- script was reviewed by Dr. K. Forbis Jordan, CRS Senior Specialist in Education. This contribution to the House Subcommittee on Science, Research and Technology and the House Subcommittee on Select Education was coordinated with and reviewed by
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