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2021 Humanitarian Needs Overview

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WORKING DOCUMENT WORKING DOCUMENT HUMANITARIAN HUMANITARIAN PROGRAMME CYCLE 2021 NEEDS OVERVIEW ISSUED DECEMBER 2020 OPT 1 HUMANITARIAN NEEDS OVERVIEW 2021 About Get the latest updates This document is consolidated by OCHA on behalf of the OCHA coordinates humanitarian action to ensure crisis-affected people receive the Humanitarian Country Team and partners. It provides a shared assistance and protection they need. It understanding of the crisis, including the most pressing works to overcome obstacles that impede humanitarian need and the estimated number of people who humanitarian assistance from reaching people affected by crises, and provides leadership in need assistance. It represents a consolidated evidence base and mobilizing assistance and resources on behalf helps inform joint strategic response planning. The designations of the humanitarian system. employed and the presentation of material in the report do not www.ochaopt.org imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part twitter.com/ochaopt of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries PHOTO ON COVER Humanitarian Response aims to be the central Reem, 9th grade, Bethlehem Governorate. © 2020 website for Information Management tools Photo: Save the Children/Jonathan Hyams. and services, enabling information exchange between clusters and IASC members operating within a protracted or sudden onset GENERAL DISCLAIMER: crisis. Unless otherwise indicated, data in this document is valid as of end September 2020. https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/ operations/occupied-palestinian-territory Humanitarian InSight supports decision- makers by giving them access to key humanitarian data. It provides the latest verified information on needs and delivery of the humanitarian response as well as financial contributions. www.hum-insight.com The Financial Tracking Service (FTS) is the primary provider of continuously updated data on global humanitarian funding, and is a major contributor to strategic decision making by highlighting gaps and priorities, thus contributing to effective, efficient and principled humanitarian assistance. fts.org/appeals/2019 02 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents 04 Summary of Humanitarian Needs 12 Part 1: Impact of the Crisis and Humanitarian Conditions Context and Drivers of the Crisis Scope of Analysis Accountability to Affected Populations People in Need 25 Part 3: Sectoral Analysis Protection Health and Nutrition Food Security Education Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Shelter and Non-Food Items (NFIs) 41 Part 4: Annexes Data Sources Methodology 2021 HNO Key Figures People in Need by Cluster Acronyms End Notes 03 HUMANITARIAN NEEDS OVERVIEW 2021 Summary of Humanitarian Needs Occupied Golan Heights ¥ Severity of Needs* TOTAL POPULATION PEOPLE IN NEED STRESS Lebanon SEVERE P (Syria) Al Qunaytirah 5.2M 2.45M 40% (1M) 60% (1.4M) Source: PCBS, 2021 projection Among the 1.4 million severely impacted by the crisis, 77 percent are in Gaza and 23 percent in the West bank Acre P Syria L T A I B K E 471K E Gaza 1.570M P Tiberias P R 1.1M I Haifa A S 547.8K Nazareth P West Bank 883.6K 335.8K 209.1K Area C 312.0K 103K Jordan River / Irbid P Sheikh Hussein 282.5K Area A and B 448.4K 165.9K Jenin P 43.1K East Jerusalem 86.2K 43.1K a Tulkarm Ajloun e Tubas R P P E 14K P V H2 S I 22.9K R 36.9K Nablus N P A n Qalqiliya Of which: Stressed Of which: Severe D P R a O J e Salt Tel Aviv-Yaffo P Balqa n P P a West Bank r Amman r People in Allenby / Ramallah e P need King Hussein Jericho t P i Jerusalem Ashdod 0.9M P d P e Madaba P P M Bethlehem a e S Hebron d North Gaza P a e Gaza D People in Middleneed Area Gaza M KhanStrip Yunis1.6 Jordan RafahRafah Be'er Sheva P Karak P Israel Al ‘Ojah / Nitzana The designations employed and the presentation of material in the report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. *Severity of needs was calculated based on the Joint Inter-sectoral Analytical Framework (JIAF). For more information see the methodology page 58. 04 Egypt Wadi ‘Arraba Eilat o P Taba 0 15 30 60 Km GULFAQABAAQABA OF SUMMARY OF HUMANITARIAN NEEDS TOTAL POPULATION PEOPLE IN NEED BY SECTOR BY AGE & SEX MALE FEMALE 49% 51% 05 SETTLER ATTACKS RESULTING IN PALESTINIAN CASUALTIES OR PROPERTY DAMAGE 423 397 369 340 314 323 291 280 269 305 228 216 265 170 242 131 157 207 143 112 95 105 106 132 107 65 72 100 92 97 73 75 58 30 52 37 200 2010 2011 2012 201 201 201 201 201 201 201 2020 Incidents resulting in Palestinian Casuality Incidents resulting in Palestinian property/land damage WEST BANK DEMOLITIONS AND DISPLACEMENT 1,601 1,236 1,103 1,094 914 738 705 663 607 664 621 560 530 419 456 470 HUMANITARIAN NEEDS OVERVIEW 2021 201 201 201 201 201 201 201 2020 2021 HNO Key FiguresStructures Demolished People Displaced 36% West Bank 5 out of 6 64% Clusters have increased 2.45m Gaza 2.45m PiN their estimates about the People in Need PiN number of PIN out of a population of 5.2M Palestinians People with severe needs out of all PiN increased 23% from 40% to 60% West Bank 70% of Gaza PiN 77% 2020 0.9m people (40%) 1.4m with severe Gaza 38% of West Bank PiN 2021 1.4m people (60%) needs are severely impacted by the crisis The context in the occupied Palestinian territory protection of civilians and forced displacement, access (oPt) remains a protracted protection crisis, where to essential services, and erosion of resilience with changetoo the many pie chart Palestinians with a bar chart struggle with 2 tocolumns live in for dignity. 2020 and The 2021 eachassociated showing the humanitarian absolute number consequences of people with severethat translateneeds. Narrative:crisis "the is characterizedproportion of people by more with severe than needs53 years out of of all Israeli PiN increased into from needs. 40% to2020 60%" witnessed a significant increase in military occupation, lack of respect for international the severity of humanitarian needs across the oPt, due humanitarian and human rights law, internal Palestinian to the COVID-19 outbreak and the unilateral measures political divisions, and recurrent escalations of hostilities taken by the Palestinian Authority in response to Israel’s between Israel and Palestinian armed groups. plans to annex parts of the West Bank. Recognising that the situation in the oPt is effectively a In 2021, the Humanitarian Country Team (HCT) chronic protection crisis, protection concerns continue estimates that approximately 2.45 million Palestinians to be the primary drivers of humanitarian need. across the oPt will require some form of humanitarian Palestinians in the oPt face a range of threats, including assistance. Although this is only slightly more than the to life, liberty and security, destruction or damage estimate for 2020 (2.41 million), the number of people to homes and other property, forced displacement, suffering from severe, as opposed to moderate, need restrictions on freedom of movement and on access has increased by 346,000. About 64 per cent of those to natural resources and livelihoods, and lack of in need of assistance, or 1.57 million people, live in the accountability and effective remedy. These policies Gaza Strip and 36 per cent, 880,000 people, in the West and practises impact differently on people, depending Bank, including East Jerusalem. on their gender, age, location and resources, among other factors. Critical problems of concern relate to the 06 KEY FINDINGS Key Findings PEOPLE IN NEED TREND (2015-2021) WOMEN CHILDREN WITH DISABILITY 2.45M 49% 50% 5.8% By Humanitarian Consequence By Age and Gender More on pages 16-21, 26-29 CONSEQUENCE PEOPLE IN NEED AGE AND GENDER PEOPLE IN NEED % PIN Humanitarian consequences Male 0- <18 631k 26% related to protection and 2.1 m forced displacement Female 0- <18 598k 24% Humanitarian consequences related to access to essential 1.5 m Male 18-65 582k 24% services Female 18-65 563k 23% Humanitarian consequences related to resilience and 2 m recovery Male 65+ 36k 1% Female 65+ 44k 2% By Population Groups With Disability More on pages 18 and 24 More on page 24 POPULATION GROUP PEOPLE IN NEED AGE PEOPLE IN NEED % PIN People living under poverty line 1.5m Persons with 140k 5.8% disabilities Refugees 1.3m People affected by conflict 928k related violence FHH 200k Small-scale farmers, herders 150k and fisherfolk in Gaza People living with disabilities 140k Bedouin & Herders in Area C 37k IDPs 16k 07 HUMANITARIAN NEEDS OVERVIEW 2021 OCCUPIED WEST BANK: INCREASING FRAGMENTATION Area C The over 60% of the West Bank where Israel retains ¥ almost exclusive control. Over 350,000 Palestinians and ?! J" over 400,000 Israeli settlers reside in Area C ?! Jenin Area A The 18% of the West Bank where the Palestinian ?! Authority has extensive law enforcement and planning powers. Tubas Area B Tulkarm J" ! J" The 22% of the West Bank where the Palestinian ? Authority has planning powers and joint law enforcement ?!?! authority with Israel. Some 80% of Palestinians live in Areas A and B combined. J" Settlements municipal boundaries Qalqiliya Nablus J"?! Cover around 10% of the West Bank where some 150 ?! settlements were established in contravention to int'l law.
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