Sustainable Tourism – Dubai Roams with Responsibility
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-3, Issue-3, 2017 ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in Sustainable Tourism – Dubai Roams with Responsibility Gowri Menon1 & K. Somashekharan2 1 Assistant Professor, Symbiosis Centre for Management Studies (Symbiosis International University), Pune 2Senior Manager, Accounts & Finance, Equifax Tourism & Travel LLC., Dubai, Abstract: Sustainability is indispensible. Be it in this part of the world, for tourism. The tourist relation to the environment, employees, customers, favorite destinations are second to none in the or quality. Tourism is an industry that is the world, and in some cases the only one in the world. backbone of several economies, some due to One cannot but miss Dubai, for all that it builds and nature’s endowments and others due to man-made nurtures. Dubai is a chosen destination for tourists, elegances. Ever since the oil and gas resources thanks to natural landscapes and terrains as well as have depleted, Dubai is particularly focusing on active Government initiatives in uplifting the tourism as its major forex earner. With attractiveness quotient of the country. Sustainable innumerable attractions the place is blessed to be tourism is picking up and the thrust on this area is the number one choice of tourists, but the much in the recent past. While tourism is rising, but Government has taken an oath to tread a path of proving extremely volatile, it is in the destination’s responsible tourism. The study uses primary data interest to imbibe qualities of sustainability to it. available in Dubai Tourism and Commercial Dubai is the commercial capital of United Arab Marketing website and several such authentic Emirates. Identified as one of the tourist hot spots, government websites. It also uses fairly large this city identifies itself as one of the few that amounts of secondary data, from travel websites, maintains its position as a chosen holiday news reports and press releases. The objective of destination. There are different reasons why people the study is to understand the measures that Dubai tour Dubai and there are seasonal vagaries in the adopts and to suggest measures to make tourism purpose too. The city itself is very inviting, sustainable and more responsible. While the study endearing and affordable. This is the reason that is entirely on Dubai, the model can be easily people from scattered geographies throng along to replicated on countries focusing on tourism and Dubai for a vacation and as is the case with Asian are subject to similar natural environments. neighbors, for a weekend getaway too! Keywords: eco-tourism, environment, green tourism, responsible tourism, sustainability 1.1 What is sustainability? Glossary The best-known definition of sustainability or DGTP – Dubai Green Tourism Programme sustainable development comes from the World DSTI – Dubai Sustainable Tourism Initiative Commission on Environment and Development DTCM – Department of Tourism and Commercial which defines it as "forms of progress that meet the Marketing needs of the present without compromising the EWS-WWF - Emirates Wildlife Society in ability of future generations to meet their needs“. It association with WWF is significant to our understanding that T & T – Travel and Tourism sustainability is about more than just looking after UAE – United Arab Emirates our natural environment. It is also about WTTC – World Travel and Tourism Council considering the social and economic impact of what we do and how we do it. 1.0 Introduction Sustainability is a good business practice. While it results in lower costs, the resultant efficiency in Every country has its USPs. Each has its resource management is appreciable. It attempts to competitive advantage. Germany is the helm of increase the economic life of assets and ensures technology; India has a strong agricultural base; that the future generation will have sufficient Japanese have an adorable work culture. Dubai is resources to sustain healthy livelihoods. no exception to the rule. Besides others, there is a strong advantage in tourism, which makes millions of people from various walks of life throng along to Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 817 Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-3, Issue-3, 2017 ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in 1.2 The tripod of sustainability Environment: Natural resources are extremely scarce and we ought to protect it from corporate exploitation and neglect. Dubai ensures that it supports initiatives such as renewable energy, reduction in the usage of fossil fuels, sustainable agriculture and fishing, tree plantations and afforestation, recycling, and improved management of waste. Economy: Dubai is one of the few countries that has analysed the pressures on the resources due to population growth beyond proportion. People aim for a better lifestyle than before, and this causes Fig. 1A – % Jobs provided by T & T Sector them to consume more than their fair share. A sustainable economic model has been developed to ensure fairer distribution of resources. There is a genuine interest in enabling economic growth through healthy balance with ecosystems. Social: Dubai teaches us that, as responsible global citizens, we must pay ever-increasing attention to social disruptions that threaten the well-being of people and the environment. We have an ethical responsibility to do something about human inequality, social injustice, and poverty. This aspect of sustainability seeks to support moves like peace, social justice, poverty alleviation, and such others that hold a promise of accelerating social equity. Fig. 1B – T & T Contribution to GDP Figure 1 –Forecasts on Tourism (www.wttc.org) 2.0 Review of literature A study of tourism in Dubai, in terms of its Tourism is on the rise, and it is predicted that rating vis-à-vis other tourist destinations is quite globally tourism will grow by around 4% in each of encouraging though volatile. Traveller’s Choice the next ten years (WTTC, 2016). Further they Destinations 2016 list, published by TripAdvisor, identify that the number of people directly identifies UAE’s commercial capital Dubai, to be employed by travel and tourism industry will be the only UAE destination to make it into the top 25. close to 300 million, or one in every eleven jobs th Where it was identified as one of the top 10 will be in this sector. Close to 1/10 of the GDP destinations in 2011, the position slipped will be contributed by T & T industry. (Refer fig. drastically to 25th in 2015 and seems to have fought 1) Up to 14 million jobs can be risked from lack of its way through to reach the top 13 last year training or skills in the tourism industry, especially (Emirates 24/7 news, March 29th 2016 ) where this sector employs approximately 7 times Traveller’s Choice further interrogated into the more than automotive industry. As a tourist traveller’s favourite places worldwide, which also destination, Dubai has been a chosen spot for placed Dubai at a pedestal. The commercial capital several millions world-over. It is one of the most was an undisputed chosen spot for several due to picturesque cities in the Middle East Asia. With the following reasons. It skyscrapers on the one hand and floral elegance on Is a cosmopolitan oasis overseeing the the other, the experience is nothing short of Arabian desert, genuine pleasure. Neat and safe roads, coupled Is a city of superlatives with greenery and beauty along every inch, are not Is the proud owner of the world’s largest something every city can boast of. dancing fountain, Nests the world’s tallest building (Burj Khalifa), Has the only 7 star hotel (Burj Al-Arab), Houses the largest set of artificial islands (Palm Jumeirah), and Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 818 Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-3, Issue-3, 2017 ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in Boasts of the largest natural flower garden easen the problem of housing tourists that will pour (the Miracle Garden) in for the World Expo. Last 10 years statistics on the tourist numbers flocking Dubai is alarming. While the number of 3.0 Why is Dubai a chosen tourist immigrants to Dubai in 2012 spelt a number of 10 destination? million, the Dubai hotels welcomed approximately 11 million guests in the year 2013, which is an Dubai is a chosen spot for many for its natural increase of almost 8.5% .r. The figures for 2014 and man-made beauties, but its exciting to identify gleamed with positive energy, recording a further the various excuses people find to visit Dubai for a rise to 13.2 million guests. The country is very vacation. positive on meeting its target of 20 million visitors by the year 2020. (Dubai Department of Tourism Table 2: Reasons to visit Dubai (Source: and Commerce Marketing (DTCM)) (Refer Table 1 http://www.best10travel.com) & Figure 2) 1. Shopping 2. Safe city Table 1: Tourist trend 3. Warm Weather 4. Cheap eats 5. Modern 6. Hospitality Architecture 7. Major golf 8. Man-made tournaments islands 9. Luxurious and 10. Cosmopolitan extravagant hotels city 3.1 Factors facilitating tourism – in the recent past The number of visitors has grown, thanks to the city’s efforts in this direction. The DTCM is actively participating in making Dubai an attractive tourist destination. To list a few of these attempts, the expansion of Emirates airline’s and flydubai’s fleet and network; the opening up of the third cruise terminal, which enabled growth in Dubai’s cruise industry; and Better accessibility to Dubai, on account of adding 13 more European Union member states to the current 15, who can obtain their visa on arrival. Figure 2 – Tourist numbers and percentage rise While the tourism numbers in absolute terms is 3.2 Tourism offerings on the rise, there is a steep decline in the percentage growth in tourists.