'New Journalism' and Irish Local Newspapers in 1900
‘BLESSED WITH THE FACULTY OF MIRTHFULNESS’: The ‘New Journalism’ and Irish Local Newspapers in 1900 Mark Wehrly THROUGHOUT THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, several developments contrived – mostly indirectly – to make newspaper publishing in Britain an attractive business prospect. These included rising literacy levels, the abolition of taxes on newspapers in and innovations in the way newspapers were produced and distributed. From the mid-nineteenth century onwards this had the effect, in both Britain and Ireland, of increasing in multiples the number of different newspapers that were published (Cullen, : –). Likewise, in Dublin as in London, lively debates took place on the desirability of these developments, and the question of the social function of jour- nalism was widely discussed (Anon, ; Anon, ; Elrington, ; Autolycus, ). One of the most discernible changes in British journalism in the last quarter of the nineteenth century – and one also that intensified this debate – was a move- ment to a ‘new journalism’. This constituted a shift from scholarship and austerity to lively populism and sensationalism; both through the employment of typographi- cal devices made possible by new technologies and through relatively recent innova- tions such as the inverted pyramid, human-interest news values, and interviews. Thus, rather than working to educate, as the older journalists saw their function, ‘new journalism’ shocked and entertained while it informed (Lee, : ). But while the ‘new journalism’ became a central focus of the modernisation the profes- sion underwent at the turn of the twentieth century in Britain, it has rarely been considered in studies of Irish journalism – despite the obvious parallels. It is all too tempting to associate journalistic developments in Britain with the Irish press.
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