Peace and Prosperity in Northeast Asia Volume II Exploring the European Experience Peace & Prosperity in Northeast Asia [Vol
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Peace and Prosperity in Northeast Asia Volume II Exploring the European Experience Peace & Prosperity in Northeast Asia [Vol. II] Exploring the European Experience Copyright © 2008 by International Peace Foundation, Jeju Special Self- Governing Province, East Asia Foundation, Jeju Free International City Development Center and Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of the aforementioned copyright holders. Published by the JPI Press 2572 Jungmun-dong, Seogwipo City, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 697-120, Korea Tel: (82-64)735-6500 Fax: (82-64)735-6512 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.jpi.or.kr ISBN 978-89-959470-4-3 Printed and bounded in Seoul, Korea Jeju Peace Institute Research Series [ 5 ] Peace and Prosperity in Northeast Asia Exploring the European Experience The 4th Jeju Peace Forum Vol. II 5 Preface Since its launch in 2001, the Jeju Peace Forum has established itself as one of Korea’s most important international conferences drawing key political, business, media, and academic leaders from throughout Northeast Asia and around the world. With the full support of the Korean government and a tremendously successful history, we have been trying hard to institutionalize the Forum as a crucial regional venue for distinguished experts to discuss and carve out a new blue- print for Northeast Asian peace and prosperity. This volume is a collection of papers and essays presented at the 4th Jeju Peace Forum, which was held from June 21 - June 23, 2007, in Jeju, South Korea as a continuation of the previous 2001, 2003 and 2005 Forums. In an effort to ascertain the future state of the Korean penin- sula at a time of momentous change, the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, together with the International Peace Foundation (with which the Jeju Peace Institute is affiliated) and the East Asia Founda- tion, planned the Forum based on the theme of “Peace and Prosperity in Northeast Asia: Exploring the European Experience.” The 4th Jeju Peace Forum proceeded in the form of “forums within a forum” by holding two special sessions: Special Session I, titled “From Helsinki to Jeju: Designing the Jeju Process for a Multilateral Cooperation Mechanism in Northeast Asia,” and Special Session II, “IT Cooperation in East Asia.” This reflects JPI’s keen awareness that we need to closely examine the correlation between the formation of a Northeast Asian security/economic community and information tech- 6 Peace and Prosperity in Northeast Asia [Vol. II] nology that can bring about changes in international relations as well as changes in political, security, and economic processes at a domestic level. The 4th Forum explored the European experience in political, security and economic fields and applied them to the problems of peace and prosperity in Northeast Asia. In other words, throughout this forum, keeping the key issue of forming a cooperative framework in Northeast Asia in mind, we addressed the European experience during the Cold War and in the post-Cold War era, including the CSCE/OSCE (Conference for Security and Cooperation in Europe/ Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe), German reuni- fication, and the economic and political integration of the EU. We explored applicable ideas and the framework for peace and prosperi- ty in Northeast Asia, and examined whether they would be useful for accelerating the process of institutionalizing regional peace and com- mon prosperity. In publishing the proceedings of the 4th Jeju Peace Forum, we would like to extend our gratitude to all the participants. We also would like to thank the co-hosts, organizers and co-sponsors for their generous support: the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, the Interna- tional Peace Foundation, the East Asia Foundation (co-hosts); the Jeju Peace Institute (organizer); the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, the Ministry of Information and Communication, the Ministry of Con- struction and Transportation, the Presidential Committee on Northeast Preface 7 Asian Cooperation Initiatives, Cheju National University, Jeju Free International City Development Center and the Jeju Development Insti- tute (co-sponsors). We are also grateful for the last-minute efforts on the volume by Dr. Tae-Ryong Yoon, Dr. Bong-jun Ko, Dr. Seong-woo Yi, Prof. Douglas Hansen, Ms. Jeongseon Ko, and Mr. Ben Bong-Kyu Chun. We hope that the Jeju Peace Forum will continue to serve as a venue for leaders from the public and private sectors to jointly promote com- mon peace and prosperity on the Korean peninsula and throughout Northeast Asia. May 10, 2008 The Organizing Committee of the 4th Jeju Peace Forum 8 Contents Peace & Prosperity in Northeast Asia [Vol. II] Exploring the European Experience Preface • 5 PART • I Shaping Prosperity Through Community Building in Northeast Asia: Agenda for Integration Northeast Asian Economic Integration: Inventory Checking and New Directions ............................ T. J. Pempel / 15 Assessing the Roh Moo-Hyun Initiative for Economic Community Building: Constraints, Opportunities, and Prospects ...................... Kyung-Tae Lee / 36 China and Northeast Asian Community Building .......... Yunling Zhang / 48 Japan and East Asian Community Building: Constraints, Opportunities and Prospects .............................. Kenichi Ito / 66 PART • II The Future of Shaping the Peace and Prosperity of Jeju: Visions and Challenges The Role of a Jeju Center for Peace Operations ............ Yasushi Akashi / 75 Promoting Prosperity in Jeju: Free International City and Foreign Investment ............... Sung-Kyu Ko / 79 Jeju Jamestown: Concept and Status Report ..................... Daniel E. Bob / 94 PART • III History, National Identity and Conflicts in Northeast Asia History, Conflicting Memories, and Reconciliation in Northeast Asia ................................................................. Gi-Wook Shin / 109 History, National Identity, and Conflicts in Northeast Asia: A Chinese Perspective .............................................................. Liping Xia / 114 History, National Identity, and Conflicts in Northeast Asia: A Japanese Perspective .............................................. Masaru Tamamoto / 118 Towards a Transnational East Asia: A Korean Perspective .......................................................... Jie-Hyun Lim / 122 Contents 9 PART • IV Managing the Regional Nuclear Dominoes and the Future of the NPT Regime Managing the Regional Nuclear Dominoes and the Future of the NPT Regime .................................. Hitoshi Tanaka / 129 Managing the Regional Nuclear Dominoes and the Future of the NPT Regime ............................. Vladimir Nazarov / 132 Solution of Korean Nuclear Issues: Hopes and Difficulties ...................................................... Chengxu Yang / 139 Managing the Regional Nuclear Dominoes and the Future of the NPT Regime ..................................... John S. Park / 143 Pyongyang’s Nuclear Endgame and Unending Agonies ......................................................... Taewoo Kim / 149 PART • V The Automobile Industry & Regional Cooperation Inter-company Cooperation Among Korea, Japan and China in the Automobile Industry .................. Hiroyuki Itami / 159 Policy Coordination for the Automobile Industry: China, Korea and Japan ...................................................... Rongping Mu / 167 PART • VI Think Tank Networks and Forming an Epistemic Community in East Asia The Northeast Asia Cooperation Dialogue: An Experiment in Track 1 1/2 Diplomacy ....................... Susan L. Shirk / 175 Epistemic Community Matters: NEAT in the East Asian Cooperation Process ........................ Liqun Zhu / 180 Forming an Agenda for an Epistemic Community in East Asia: A View from Moscow .............................. Gennady Chufrin / 186 Think Tank Networks and Forming an Epistemic Community in East Asia: A Japanese Perspective ........................ Tadashi Yamamoto / 193 10 Peace and Prosperity in Northeast Asia [Vol. II] PART • VII Energy Cooperation in Northeast Asia Russia’s Energy Strategy in Northeast Asia ....................... Igor Tomberg / 199 Energy in Sino-American Relations: Putting Mutual Anxiety in Context ..................................... Daojiong Zha / 226 Prospects for Sino-Japanese Energy Relations: Competition or Symbiosis? ................................................. Kent E. Calder / 244 PART • VIII Prospects of Regional FTAs in Northeast Asia Will the Proliferation of FTAs in Northeast Asia Lead to a Northeast Asia FTA? ......................................... Chang-Jae Lee / 267 Functional Cooperation as a Strategy Against the “Obstacles and Variables of Northeast Asian FTAs” ..................... Yukiko Fukagawa / 280 Regionalization and FTAs in Northeast Asia: A Critical Perspective ........................................................ Samuel S. Kim / 302 PART • IX Domestic Politics and Regional Community Building: What Is to Be Done? Domestic Politics and Regional Community Building: What Is to Be Done? .......................................................... Igor Rogachev / 313 Let Us Hold a Four-Nation Summit to Resolve the North Korean Nuclear Issue in Jeju This Fall ......... Won-wung Kim / 317 Northeast Asia Calls for a Leader with Courage and Vision .................................................. Kyung-Pil Nam / 322 Domestic Politics and Regional Community Building: What