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An Analysis of Chemical Contaminants from Cocos Lagoon

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An Analysis of Chemical Contaminants from Cocos Lagoon An Analysis of Chemical Contaminants in Sediments and Fish from Cocos Lagoon, Guam NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science Stressor Detection and Impacts Division S. Ian Hartwell Dennis A. Apeti Anthony S. Pait Andrew L. Mason Char’mane Robinson . December 2017 NOAA TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM NOS NCCOS 235 NOAA NCCOS Stressor Detection and Impacts Division ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors wish to gratefully acknowledge the support provided by NOAA’s Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) for this project. We would like to thank Jesse Cruz, Administrator, Environmental Monitoring and Analytical Services (EMAS) Division of the Guam Environmental Protection Agency, along with Annie Leon Guerrero, Edwin Salas and Danzel Narcis (now retired) of Guam EPA for project planning, and for providing boat support and personnel for the field work, along with interpretation of the data. We would also like to thank Jason Miller, a private fisherman from Merizo for helping out with the fishing in Cocos Lagoon, and Gary Denton of the University of Guam for conversations on past work and on project design. Further, we would like to acknowledge the help provided by Adrienne Loerzel with NOAA’s CRCP and Valerie Brown with NOAA’s Pacific Islands Regional Office on project design and with the field work. Finally, we would like to thank Beth Lumsden of NOAA’s Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, and Paulo Maurin of NOAA’s CRCP in Hawaii for receiving the samples from Guam, and then shipping them on to our analytical laboratories in Texas. Citation for the document: Hartwell, S.I., D.A. Apeti, A.S. Pait, A.L. Mason, and C. Robinson. 2017. An Analysis of Chemical Contaminants in Sediments and Fish from Cocos Lagoon, Guam. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 235. Silver Spring, MD. 74 pp. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for their use by the United States Government. An Analysis of Chemical Contaminants in Sediments and Fish from Cocos Lagoon, Guam Prepared by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service (NOS) National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) Stressor Detection and Impacts Division (SDI) 1305 East/West Highway (SSMC-4, N/SCI-1) Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA December 2017 S. Ian Hartwell Dennis A. Apeti Anthony S. Pait Andrew L. Mason Char’mane Robinson United States Department National Oceanic and Atmospheric National Ocean of Commerce Administration Service Wilbur Ross Tim Gallaudet Russell Callender Secretary RDML (Ret.), Acting Administrator Assistant Administrator Table of Contents Abstract .............................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 1 Materials and Methods ....................................................................................................................... 3 Water Quality Parameters ........................................................................................................... 3 Sediments .................................................................................................................................... 4 Sediment Sampling Protocols ................................................................................................. 4 Fish ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Fish Sampling Protocols ...................................................................................................... 4 Shipping ...................................................................................................................................... 7 Chemical Contaminants Analyzed .............................................................................................. 7 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ........................................................................................ 7 Polychlorinated Biphenyls ...................................................................................................... 7 Organochlorine Pesticides .................................................................................................... 10 Butyltins ................................................................................................................................ 10 Trace and Major Elements .................................................................................................... 10 Clostridium perfringens ........................................................................................................ 11 Statistical Analyses ................................................................................................................... 11 Results and Discussion .................................................................................................................... 12 Water Quality Parameters ......................................................................................................... 12 Grain Size and Total Organic Carbon ....................................................................................... 12 Chemical Contaminants in Sediments ...................................................................................... 12 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ...................................................................................... 12 Polychlorinated Biphenyls .................................................................................................... 13 DDT ...................................................................................................................................... 15 Other Organochlorine Pesticides .......................................................................................... 15 Butyltins ................................................................................................................................ 15 Trace and Major Elements .................................................................................................... 15 Clostridium perfringens ........................................................................................................ 18 Chemical Contaminants in Fish ................................................................................................ 20 Fish Consumption Guidelines .............................................................................................. 20 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ...................................................................................... 21 Polychlorinated Biphenyls .................................................................................................... 22 DDT ...................................................................................................................................... 26 Other Organochlorine Pesticides .......................................................................................... 28 Butyltins ................................................................................................................................ 28 Trace and Major Elements .................................................................................................... 28 Summary and Conclusions .............................................................................................................. 29 Literature Cited ................................................................................................................................ 33 Appendices Appendix A. Site and water quality data from sediment sampling sites in Cocos Lagoon ............ 36 Appendix B. Site and water quality data from fish sampling sites in Cocos Lagoon ..................... 37 Appendix C. Grain size (%) and organic carbon (%) in sediments from Cocos Lagoon, Guam ... 38 Appendix D. PAHs detected in sediments from Cocos Lagoon, Guam (ng/dry g) ........................ 39 Appendix E. Individual alkyl isomers and hopanes detected in sediments from Cocos Lagoon, Guam (ng/dry g) ................................................................................................................ 42 Appendix F. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) detected in sediments from Cocos Lagoon, Guam (ng/dry g) ............................................................................................................................... 45 ii Appendix G. Organochlorine compounds (other than PCBs) detected in sediments from Cocos Lagoon, Guam (ng/dry g) ............................................................................................. 47 Appendix H. Butyltins detected in sediments from Cocos Lagoon, Guam (ng Sn/dry g) .............. 50 Appendix I. Trace and major elements in sediments from Cocos Lagoon, Guam (µg/dry g)........ 51 Appendix J. Clostridium perfringens in sediments from Cocos Lagoon, Guam ............................ 53 Appendix K. Fish sampled in Cocos Lagoon, Guam ...................................................................... 54 Appendix L. PAHs detected in fish from Cocos Lagoon, Guam (ng/wet g) ................................... 55 Appendix M. Individual alkyl isomers and hopanes detected in fish from Cocos Lagoon, Guam (ng/wet g) ................................................................................................................ 59 Appendix N. Polychlorinated biphenyls
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