DOCSLIB.ORG

The Quest for Social Security Among the Indigenous Peoples in the Upland Areas of Cambodia: Livelihood Diversification Among Phnong Civil Servant Families

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Quest for Social Security Among the Indigenous Peoples in the Upland Areas of Cambodia: Livelihood Diversification Among Phnong Civil Servant Families The Quest for Social Security among the Indigenous Peoples in the Upland Areas of Cambodia: Livelihood Diversification among Phnong Civil Servant Families By SENG Vanmaren DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in International Development GRADUATE SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT NAGOYA UNIVERSITY Approved by the Dissertation Committee: Takeshi HIGASHIMURA (Chair Person) Sanae ITO Ayako UCHIDA Approved by the GSID Committee: September 16, 2016 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I acknowledge with gratitude my debt of thanks to His Excellency Mr. Chea Sophara, the Minister of the Ministry of Rural Development and the staff in the Department of Ethnic Minority Development for giving me the golden opportunity to conduct my internship in 2013 and providing direction to choose this research topic and help me to conduct my fieldwork. I would also like to thank my interpreter Mr. Inn who was always with me and the interviewees who have been patient and cooperative during my extended field research. The research would not have been possible without their generous cooperation. I would like to thank my Cambodian and international friends for their continuous support and belief in me, particularly Ms. Yamin Ko, Ms. Henny Rosalinda and Ms. Heather Cripps. I would like to thank my supervisor Prof. Higashimura Takeshi for his guidance and continuous support which kept me motivated and on track throughout the term of this research. Also, I would like to express my gratitude to my sub-advisors Prof. Ito Sanae and Prof. Uchida Ayako for their invaluable comments and continuous support. Last but not least, I would like to express my deepest gratitude and love to my beloved parents, beloved grandmother Chan Ly, brothers and sisters, and relatives for their endless support and encouragement. Words cannot express my gratitude. i TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................................. i TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................. ii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................................... xi LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................... xiii LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... xv CHAPTER ONE: Introduction ......................................................................................... 1 1. Background of Study ................................................................................................ 1 2. Narrowing Down Research Relevant to IPs ........................................................... 2 2.1. Limitation of Research on Minority Issues in Cambodia ................................................................. 2 2.2. Types of Research in Cambodia Relevant to IPs ............................................................................. 3 2.3. Conceptualizing Development Alternatives Relevant to IPs ........................................................... 5 3. Brief Background of IPs and the Phnong in Cambodia ........................................ 6 3.1. Brief History of IPs in Cambodia..................................................................................................... 6 3.2. Population of IPs in Cambodia ........................................................................................................ 8 3.3. Phnong Characteristics ................................................................................................................... 10 3.4. Phnong Subsistence Livelihoods.................................................................................................... 11 3.5. Shifting Agriculture and Moving Village ...................................................................................... 13 3.6. Belief .............................................................................................................................................. 14 3.7. The Indigenous Village Structure since the 1980s ......................................................................... 15 3.8. Village Elder and Village Chief ..................................................................................................... 16 3.9. The Catholic Phnong Community .................................................................................................. 17 4. Research Methodology ........................................................................................... 17 4.1. Research Paradigm ......................................................................................................................... 17 4.2. Analysis Methods ........................................................................................................................... 18 4.3. Indigenous World Views and Values ............................................................................................. 18 ii 4.4. Research Location and Target Group ............................................................................................ 19 4.5. Ethical Considerations ................................................................................................................... 20 4.6. Research Participants in Pu Rang and Pu Treng Village ............................................................... 21 4.7. Research and Analytical Flow ....................................................................................................... 22 4.8. Fieldwork Methods ........................................................................................................................ 22 4.9. Research Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 22 4.10. Research Questions ................................................................................................................... 23 4.11. Research Significance and Contribution ................................................................................... 23 4.12. Limitations and Scope ............................................................................................................... 24 4.13. Structure of the Dissertation ...................................................................................................... 25 Chapter Two: Review of Approach Relevant to Indigenous Peoples .......................... 29 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 29 2. Multiplicities of Views towards IPs ....................................................................... 29 2.1. Oppression ..................................................................................................................................... 29 2.2. Resistance and Revitalization ........................................................................................................ 31 2.3. Cultural Hybridity .......................................................................................................................... 32 2.4. Section Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 33 3. Rights-Based Approach .......................................................................................... 34 3.1. Participation in Development ......................................................................................................... 34 3.2. Empowerment: Social Capital and Capacity Building ................................................................... 36 3.3. Indigenous Knowledge and Sustainability ..................................................................................... 38 4. From Sustainable Livelihoods Approach to Livelihood Pathways .................... 39 4.1. Sustainable Livelihoods Approach ................................................................................................ 39 4.2. Livelihood Pathways ...................................................................................................................... 42 5. Theoretical Perspectives of Adaptation ................................................................ 45 5.1. Cultural Transmission .................................................................................................................... 45 5.2. External Influences ........................................................................................................................ 47 5.3. Progressed IPs ................................................................................................................................ 48 iii 6. Discussion and Conclusion ..................................................................................... 49 Chapter Three: Overview of Indigenous Policy in Cambodia ..................................... 51 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 51 2. The Indigenous Concept from the Standpoint of International Organizations 52 2.1. The International Labour Organization .......................................................................................... 52 2.2. The World Bank ............................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Prosperity and Poverty: Livelihood Transitions Emerging from Land Use Change in Two Mondulkiri Communes So Dane, Hak Sochanny, O
    Prosperity and Poverty: Livelihood Transitions Emerging from Land Use Change in Two Mondulkiri Communes So Dane, Hak Sochanny, Oeur Il, and John McAndrew February 2015 Analyzing Development Issues Centre Prosperity and Poverty: Livelihood Transitions Emerging from Land Use Change in Two Mondulkiri Communes So Dane, Hak Sochanny, Oeur Il, and John McAndrew February 2015 Analyzing Development Issues Centre 2 In memory of Rebecca (Pem) Catalla 3 Table of Contents Acknowledgements 5 Abstract 6 Introduction 7 Research Problem 9 Research Focus 9 Conceptual Framework and Methods 11 Livelihood Transitions 11 Land Use Change 14 Data Collection Methods 15 Transitions in Dak Dam and Srae Preah Communes (2003-2012) 19 Land Use Changes 19 Livelihood Transitions 22 Differential Earnings in Diverse Income Groups 33 Land Transactions in Diverse Income Groups 39 Buying and Selling of Labor and Other Products 41 Poverty and Inequality in Dak Dam and Srae Preah Communes (2003-2012) 45 Household Income Inequality 45 Village Income Inequality 48 Conclusions 51 Recommendations 54 References 56 Appendices 59 4 Acknowledgements The research team of the Analyzing Development Issues Centre (ADIC) express our gratitude especially to the Bunong indigenous people in the Mondulkiri communes of Dak Dam and Srae Preah for sharing their experiences of land use change and livelihood transitions with us. The researchers would also like to thank the village, commune and district authorities and the government officials who supported and cooperated in this study. The team received invaluable assistance from the indigenous field researchers, Sra Lonh, Ki Neap, Vaing Samrith, Bunthen Chanthai, and Khan Channy, and their work was highly appreciated.
    [Show full text]
  • Ggákarshrbcacati Kariyal½yén]Tþmsñgkarttylbnþúksit§Imnussrbcamkm<Úca PRESS RELEASE
    UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER BUREAU DU HAUT COMMISSAIRE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS IN CAMBODIA AUX DROITS DE L’HOMME AU CAMBODGE GgÁkarshRbCaCati kariyal½yén]tþmsñgkarTTYlbnÞúksiT§imnusSRbcaMkm<úCa PRESS RELEASE 3 indigenous communities to receive communal land titles Three indigenous villages comprising 329 families in the northeast region of Cambodia have been granted communal land titles by the Royal Government, the first to be issued in the country. In a joint ceremony on 14 December 2011 in Rattanakiri province, community members of Le En village in Teun commune, Koun Mom district and La L’eun Kraen village in Ou Chum commune, Ou Chum district, received their certificates of collective land title for 1,454 hectares and 920 hectares, respectively. The third recipient-village, Andong Kraloeng in Sen Monorom commune, Ou Reang district in Mondulkiri province will be awarded communal land ownership for a total area of 1,425 hectares in January 2012. The three communities represent different indigenous peoples— Le En village is inhabited by Kreung and Tumpoun peoples while La L’eun Kraen village is composed mainly of the Tumpoun people. Andong Kraloeng village is made up of the Phnnong indigenous people. The communal land titles for indigenous peoples were approved late this year by relevant government ministries after three pilot communities submitted their applications in 2009. The right to collective land ownership for indigenous peoples is enshrined in the 2001 Land Law and in subsequent policies and legislation. The Royal Government of Cambodia also expressed its commitment at the international level for indigenous peoples’ land rights when it voted in favour of the adoption of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in 2007.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 3 (PDF:757KB)
    Chapter 3 Disabled Population-Size and Distribution 3.1 Number of persons with Disability The number of persons with disability, or the disabled population in Cambodia is 192,538 according to the 2008 Census. This is based on the definitions adopted for the census (see Chapter 2). It includes 108,468 males (56.3 percent) and 84,070 females (43.7 percent).The disabled population constitutes 1.44 percent of the country’s population of 13,395,682 (1.66 percent among males and 1.22 percent among females). The proportion of the disabled in the rural areas (1.52 percent) is higher than that in the urban areas (1.09 percent).The total number of disabled persons in the country is distributed in the 23 provinces and Phnom Penh Municipality at varying proportions (Table 3.1). Table 3.1 Percentage Distribution of Disabled Persons by Province and Residence: Cambodia, 2008 Percentage of disabled persons to total number of disabled persons Cambodia / in the country Province Total Urban Rural (1) (2) (3) (4) Cambodia Number 192,538 28,434 164,104 Total 100 100 100 Banteay Meanchey 6.32 8.70 5.91 Battambang 10.26 9.08 10.47 Kampong Cham 12.21 4.04 13.63 Kampong Chhnang 4.17 2.11 4.52 Kampong Speu 6.38 2.93 6.98 Kampong Thom 4.77 1.41 5.35 Kampot 4.67 2.23 5.10 Kandal 8.50 7.91 8.60 Koh Kong 0.51 1.09 0.41 Kratie 2.77 2.34 2.85 Mondul Kiri 0.32 0.15 0.35 Phnom Penh 6.27 39.13 0.58 Preah Vihear 1.59 0.52 1.77 Prey Veng 6.31 1.13 7.21 Pursat 2.99 1.10 3.32 Ratanak Kiri 0.66 0.51 0.69 Siemreap 6.01 8.48 5.58 Preah Sihanouk 1.59 3.10 1.33 Stung Treng 0.75 0.61 0.78 Svay Rieng 3.69 0.53 4.24 Takeo 6.52 0.81 7.51 Otdar Meanchey 1.55 0.96 1.65 Kep 0.34 0.30 0.35 Pailin 0.82 0.82 0.82 11 As in the case of distribution of the general population, Kampong Cham province accounts for the highest percentage of the disabled population (12.21) and Kep province has the lowest percentage (0.34).
    [Show full text]
  • Ggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñú
    00815423 E1/82.1 ŪĮйŬď₧şŪ˝˝ņįО ď ďijЊ ⅜₤Ĝ ŪĮйņΉ˝℮Ūij GgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm <úCa Kingdom of Cambodia Nation Religion King Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia Royaume du Cambodge Chambres Extraordinaires au sein des Tribunaux Cambodgiens Nation Religion Roi Β₣ðĄеĕНеĄŪņй⅜ŵřеĠР₣ Trial Chamber Chambre de première instance TRANSCRIPT OF TRIAL PROCEEDINGS PUBLIC Case File Nº 002/19-09-2007-ECCC/TC 6 June 2012 Trial Day 70 Before the Judges: NIL Nonn, Presiding The Accused: NUON Chea Silvia CARTWRIGHT IENG Sary YA Sokhan KHIEU Samphan Jean-Marc LAVERGNE YOU Ottara THOU Mony (Reserve) Lawyers for the Accused: Claudia FENZ (Reserve) SON Arun Jasper PAUW Trial Chamber Greffiers/Legal Officers: ANG Udom Michael G. KARNAVAS DUCH Phary KONG Sam Onn SE Kolvuthy Arthur VERCKEN Natacha WEXELS-RISER Lawyers for the Civil Parties: For the Office of the Co-Prosecutors: PICH Ang SENG Bunkheang Élisabeth SIMONNEAU-FORT Dale LYSAK SAM Sokong SONG Chorvoin Barnabé NEKUIE Vincent DE WILDE D’ESTMAEL KIM Mengkhy TY Srinna LOR Chunthy For Court Management Section: VEN Pov HONG Kimsuon UCH Arun 00815424 E1/82.1 Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia Trial Chamber – Trial Day 70 Case No. 002/19-09-2007-ECCC/TC 06/06/2012 I N D E X MR. SAO SARUN (TCW-604) Questioning by Mr. Seng Bunkheang resumes .................................................................................... page 2 Questioning by Mr. Lysak .................................................................................................................... page 20 Page i 00815425 E1/82.1 Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia Trial Chamber – Trial Day 70 Case No. 002/19-09-2007-ECCC/TC 06/06/2012 List of Speakers: Language used unless specified otherwise in the transcript Speaker Language MR.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report Annual Report
    Cambodia Road Crash and Victim Information System Annual Report © HIB Developed by: Ministry of Interior Ministry of Health Ministry of Public Works Handicap International Belgium and Transport Notice: This report may be freely reviewed, abstracted, reproduced or translated in part or in whole, but not for the purposes of sale. Website: www.roadsafetycambodia.info Cambodia Road Crash and Victim Information System Annual Report 2008 Table of Contents List of Figures.......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Foreword .................................................................................................................................................................. 5 Foreword .................................................................................................................................................................. 5 Note from the Minister of Public Works and Transport............................................................................. 5 Note from the Minister of Health ............................................................................................................... 6 Note from the Ministry of Interior............................................................................................................... 7 Note from World Health Organization....................................................................................................... 8 Note from Handicap
    [Show full text]
  • Small State Diplomacy: Cambodia's Foreign Policy Towards Viet Nam." by Thearith Leng
    Small State Diplomacy: Cambodia’s Foreign Policy Towards Viet Nam Thearith Leng A thesis in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Humanities and Social Sciences The University of New South Wales, Canberra March 2018 Thesis/ Dissertation Sheet Surname/Family Name : Leng Given Name/s : Thearith Abbreviation for degree as give in the University calendar : PhD Faculty : University of New South Wales Canberra School : Humanities and Social Sciences Thesis Title : Small State Diplomacy: Cambodia’s Foreign Policy Towards Viet Nam Abstract 350 words maximum: (PLEASE TYPE) This thesis is a case study of how Cambodia as a small state managed its relations with Viet Nam, a larger state. A review of the literature on small states in general and Cambodian foreign policy in particular identified three major state strategies – balancing, bandwagoning and hedging. The literature review also revealed that there was wide divergence among specialists about the specific instruments used by small states to pursue their chosen strategy. Field work was carried out in Cambodia and Vietnam to access archives and library holdings of pertinent documents and publications to supplement library research in Australia. Interviews were conducted in Cambodia and Vietnam with government officials and subject matter experts to supplement these primary and secondary source materials. This thesis examined Cambodia-Vietnam relations in seven historical periods from 1620 to 2017 during which Cambodia experienced marked changes in regime type from a weak pre-colonial state (1620-1863), French protectorate (1863-53, independent kingdom (1953-70), republic (1970-75), communist/Khmer Rouge (1975-79), occupied client state (1979-89) United Nations supervision (1990-93), coalition government (1993-97) and one-party state (1997-17).
    [Show full text]
  • Land and Cultural Survival: the Communal Land Rights Land and Cultural Survival: of Indigenous Peoples in Asia
    Land and Cultural Survival: The Communal Land Rights Survival: Cultural and Land of Indigenous Peoples in Asia Development in Asia faces a crucial issue: the right of indigenous peoples to build a better life while protecting their ancestral lands and cultural identity. An intimate relationship with land expressed in communal ownership has shaped and sustained these cultures over time. But now, public and private enterprises encroach upon indigenous peoples’ traditional domains, extracting minerals and timber, and building dams and roads. Displaced in the name of progress, indigenous peoples find their identities diminished, their livelihoods gone. Using case studies from Cambodia, India, Malaysia, and the Asia in Peoples Indigenous of Rights Land Communal The Philippines, nine experts examine vulnerabilities and opportunities of indigenous peoples. Debunking the notion of tradition as an obstacle to modernization, they find that those who keep control of their communal lands are the ones most able to adapt. About the Asian Development Bank ADB’s vision is an Asia and Pacific region free of poverty. Its mission is to help its developing member countries substantially reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of their people. Despite the region’s many successes, it remains home to two-thirds of the world’s poor: 1.8 billion people who live on less than $2 a day, with 903 million struggling on less than $1.25 a day. ADB is committed to reducing poverty through inclusive economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, and regional integration. Based in Manila, ADB is owned by 67 members, including 48 from the region. Its main instruments for helping its developing member Land and Cultural Survival countries are policy dialogue, loans, equity investments, guarantees, grants, and technical assistance.
    [Show full text]
  • Land and Cultural Survival: the Communal Rights of Indigenous
    Land and Cultural Survival: The Communal Land Rights Land and Cultural Survival: of Indigenous Peoples in Asia Development in Asia faces a crucial issue: the right of indigenous peoples to build a better life while protecting their ancestral lands and cultural identity. An intimate relationship with land expressed in communal ownership has shaped and sustained these cultures over time. But now, public and private enterprises encroach upon indigenous peoples’ traditional domains, extracting minerals and timber, and building dams and roads. Displaced in the name of progress, indigenous peoples find their identities diminished, their livelihoods gone. Using case studies from Cambodia, India, Malaysia, and the Asia The Communal Land Rights of Indigenous Peoples in Philippines, nine experts examine vulnerabilities and opportunities of indigenous peoples. Debunking the notion of tradition as an obstacle to modernization, they find that those who keep control of their communal lands are the ones most able to adapt. About the Asian Development Bank ADB’s vision is an Asia and Pacific region free of poverty. Its mission is to help its developing member countries substantially reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of their people. Despite the region’s many successes, it remains home to two-thirds of the world’s poor: 1.8 billion people who live on less than $2 a day, with 903 million struggling on less than $1.25 a day. ADB is committed to reducing poverty through inclusive economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, and regional integration. Based in Manila, ADB is owned by 67 members, including 48 from the region. Its main instruments for helping its developing member Land and Cultural Survival countries are policy dialogue, loans, equity investments, guarantees, grants, and technical assistance.
    [Show full text]
  • Anpl Sm,Tanesdækic© Nigkarciba©Wmcivittammuldæan
    evTikaénGgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)al sþIBIkm<úCa THE NGO FORUM ON CAMBODIA Fast-wood Plantations, Economic Concessions and Local Livelihoods in Cambodia cMkareQIdaMqab;)anpl sm,Tanesdækic© nigkarciBa©wmCIvittammUldæan enARbeTskm<úCa Field Investigations in Koh Kong, Kampong Speu, Pursat, Kampong Chhnang, Mondolkiri, Prey Veng and Svay Rieng Provinces Fast-wood plantations, economic concessions and local livelihoods in Cambodia Acknowledgements Numerous people have contributed towards this research. The Environment Forum Core Team (EFCT) would foremost like to thank the villagers, together with local authority representatives and government officials, who gave their time and experience in interviews. The EFCT would also like to acknowledge facilitators of the fieldwork, who provided expertise and local knowledge which enabled the successful completion of each fieldtrip. Dr Middleton and Mr Sokleap would like to thank the reviewers of various drafts of the report for their constructive comments and valuable insights, as well as the staff of the NGO Forum on Cambodia ‘Environment Forum’ for their strong support and guidance. The EFCT would like to thank Oxfam America, Oxfam GB and the NGO Forum on Cambodia for their financial and technical support for this research. While the authors have made every attempt to ensure that the report is up-to-date and accurate, the development of plantations in Cambodia is rapid and information is often not in the public domain. Therefore, the authors would like to apologize for, but cannot accept responsibility for, any omissions or inaccuracies resulting from these constraints. The NGO Forum on Cambodia has published this report in order to encourage debate and to contribute to policy discussions.
    [Show full text]
  • Ggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñú
    00814651 E1/81.1 ŪĮйŬď₧şŪ˝˝ņįО ď ďijЊ ⅜₤Ĝ ŪĮйņΉ˝℮Ūij GgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm <úCa Kingdom of Cambodia Nation Religion King Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia Royaume du Cambodge Chambres Extraordinaires au sein des Tribunaux Cambodgiens Nation Religion Roi Β₣ðĄеĕНеĄŪņй⅜ŵřеĠР₣ Trial Chamber Chambre de première instance TRANSCRIPT OF TRIAL PROCEEDINGS PUBLIC Case File Nº 002/19-09-2007-ECCC/TC 5 June 2012 Trial Day 69 Before the Judges: NIL Nonn, Presiding The Accused: NUON Chea Silvia CARTWRIGHT IENG Sary YA Sokhan KHIEU Samphan Jean-Marc LAVERGNE YOU Ottara THOU Mony (Reserve) Lawyers for the Accused: Claudia FENZ (Reserve) SON Arun Jasper PAUW ANG Udom Trial Chamber Greffiers/Legal Officers: Michael G. KARNAVAS DUCH Phary KONG Sam Onn Andrew James MCINTYRE Arthur VERCKEN SE Kolvuthy Natacha WEXELS-RISER Lawyers for the Civil Parties: PICH Ang For the Office of the Co-Prosecutors: Élisabeth SIMONNEAU-FORT VENG Huot HONG Kimsuon Keith RAYNOR Barnabé NEKUIE Tarik ABDULHAK SAM Sokong SENG Bunkheang SIN Soworn Dale LYSAK VEN Pov Vincent DE WILDE D’ESTMAEL LOR Chunthy TY Srinna KIM Mengkhy For Court Management Section: UCH Arun 00814652 E1/81.1 Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia Trial Chamber – Trial Day 69 Case No. 002/19-09-2007-ECCC/TC 05/06/2012 I N D E X MR. SAR KIMLOMOUTH (TCW-583) Questioning by Mr. Kong Sam Onn ....................................................................................................... page 2 Questioning by Mr. Vercken................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Participatory Community Based Natural Resource Mapping And
    Cooperated by: Commune, Village authority, Department of Environment and Community in Mondulkiri Province Report Prepared by: Community Empowerment and Development Team Community Empowerment and Development Team (CEDT) Date: July 2019 Supported by Prepared by Community Empowerment and Development Team (CEDT) Address: #5 St 260 Sangkat Veal Vong, Khan 7Makara, Phnom Penh Cambodia Email: [email protected]/[email protected] Contact: (+855) 12 466 629/98 544 331 Website: www.cedtcambodia.org Facebook: Community Empowerment and Development Team In Brief Report On “Participatory Community-Based Natural Resource Mapping and Documentation of Phnom Namlea Wildlife Sanctuary, Mondulkiri Province” July, 2019 This report is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this report are the sole responsibility of Community Empowerment and Development Team (CEDT) and do not necessarily reflect the views of East-West Management Institute, Inc., USAID or the United States Government. 1 Contents Acknowledgments .................................................................................................................... 3 Part 1: Community Empowerment and Development Team (CEDT) ............................... 4 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 4 2. Target Geographic Information .................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Land Concessions : 293 Concessions of Mining : 209 Special Economic Zones : 27
    OOppeennDDeevveellooppmmeenntt C A M B O D I A About Briefing s Maps Company Profiles Laws & Reg ulations Natural Resources Census Data News Blog Library Elections Company Concession Profiles View By Provinces Total Concessions Listed: Economic Land Concessions : 293 Concessions Of Mining : 209 Special Economic Zones : 27 Economic Land Concessions: Government Data Complete Government Data Partial Economic Land Concessions: Government Data Complete (175) Concessionaire / Company Origin Director Land Area Contract Concession Location Tier Nationality (Hectares) (Cambodia) Cane And Sugar Valley Foreign Thai 6595 2008-01-24 Oddar Meanchey Province, Government Samrong District Data Complete (Cambodia) Farming Investment Co.,Ltd Local Cambodian 901.22 2009-07-09 Kampong Thom Province, Santuk Government District Data Complete (Cambodia) Research Mining And Local Cambodian 7200 2009-10-12 Stung Treng Province, Se San Government Development District Data Complete (Cambodia) Tong Min Group Engineering Foreign Chinese 74 65 2007-11-12 Kratie Province, Kratie District Government Data Complete Agri-Industrial Crops Development Foreign Chinese 7000 2008-12-08 Kratie Province, Sambo District Government Data Complete Agro Star Investment Local Cambodian 24 00 1996-01-09 Kampong Cham Province, Government Choeng Prey District Data Complete Am Phal Focus (Cambodia) Not Not 8000 2012-02-24 Preah Vihear Province, Sangkum Government Specified Specified Thmei District Data Complete An Mady Group Co.,Ltd Local Cambodian 9863 2005-05-09 Kampong Thom Province,
    [Show full text]