DOCSLIB.ORG

Learning for Resilience Insights from Cambodia's Rural Communities Edited by Jean-Christophe Diepart

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Learning for resilience Insights from Cambodia's rural communities Edited by Jean-Christophe Diepart The Learning Institute 2015 Learning for resilience Insights from Cambodia's rural communities Edited by Jean-Christophe Diepart The Learning Institute 2015 The views expressed in the Coordination team: following papers are those of PECH Sithan the authors and are not HOUN Kalyan necessarily reflective of the CHAN Bunnara supporting partners. HENG Chinda KHUT Sreychan Theary Text editor: Ronald W. JONES Dr. Jan TAYLOR [email protected] Suggested citation: Diepart, J.-C., ed. (2015) Learning for resilience: Insights from Cambodia’s rural Design and layout: communities, Phnom Penh: The Learning Institute. LIM Kimsong and HAY Sochet The Learning Institute Funded by: Front and back cover: International Development Research Centre (IDRC) © The Learning Institute Copies available from: The Learning Institute #45, Street 113, Sangkat Boueng Supporting partners: Keng Kong III, Khan Chamkar The Learning Institute (LI) Morn, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP) P.O. Box 2509 Tel: +855 (0)23 994 935 Ministry of Environment (MoE) E-mail: [email protected] Fisheries Administration (FiA) Website: www.learninginstitute.org Analyzing Development Issues Centre (ADIC) Cambodian Centre for Study and Development in ISBN Agriculture (CEDAC) 9789996310171 Published by: The Learning Institute Copyright © 2015 The Learning Institute table of contents FOREWORD FROM H.E. Dr. HANG CHUON NARON- - - - - - - - - - - - - - VII LIST OF ACRONYMS- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - IX ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - XII INTRODUCTION- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - XIII By HENG Chinda, SREY Marona and Jean-Christophe DIEPART Chapter 1 Learning for social-ecological resilience: conceptual overview and key findings- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 01 By Jean-Christophe DIEPART SECTION A WATER MANAGEMENT AND AGRICULTURE- - - - - - - - - - - 17 Chapter 2 A multi-scale flood vulnerability assessment of agricultural production in the context of environmental change: The case of the Sangkae River watershed, Battambang province- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -19 By DOCH Sotheavin, Jean-Christophe DIEPART and HENG Chinda Chapter 3 Impacts of social-ecological change on farming practices in the Stung Chreybak catchment, Kampong Chhnang province- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -51 By HAM Kimkong and SOMETH Paradis SECTION B AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION AND FOOD SECURITY- - - - -77 Chapter 4 The contribution of multi-purpose farming to the food security of small-scale farmers: An agro-economic analysis in the lowland Mekong alluvial plain- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 79 By TONG Chantheang and Jean-Christophe DIEPART SECTION C LAND USE CHANGE AND FOOD SECURITY STRATEGIES IN COMMUNITIES OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE-- - - - - - - - -101 Chapter 5 Prosperity and poverty: Livelihood transitions emerging from land use change in two Mondulkiri communes- - - - - - 103 By HAK Sochanny, SO Dane, OEUR Il, and John McANDREW Chapter 6 Differentiation of swidden agriculture in Northeast Cambodia: Kavet swiddeners, the state and the markets in Kok Lak commune- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 147 By YOU Rithy, Vivien KLEINPETER and Jean-Christophe DIEPART SECTION D ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE IN FISHING COMMUNITIES- - 177 Chapter 7 Pathways of change in a coastal resource system: Study from Kampong Trach district, Kampot province- - - - - - - - 179 By VOE Pisidh, TOUCH Panha and Jean-Christophe DIEPART Chapter 8 Environmental change and rural livelihoods in coastal Cambodia: Understanding and enhancing adaptive capacities in Peam Krasaop Wildlife Sanctuary, Koh Kong province- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 205 By KIM Nong, KIM Sarin and Katelyn Rae PERFITT Chapter 9 Environmental change and Community Fisheries: Widening the scope of fisheries management to provide better support for vulnerable Cambodians- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 237 By LY Vuthy and HENG Kong Chapter 10 Learning towards resilience- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -259 By Ronald W. JONES and Jean-Christophe DIEPART AUTHOR PROFILES- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 266 Learning for resilience: Insights from Cambodia’s rural communities FOREWORD It is a pleasure to introduce this new Learning Institute publication - Learning for resilience: Insights from Cambodia’s rural communities. The idea and proposal for this comprehensive project were initiated while I was Chairman of the Learning Institute’s Board of Directors and I am delighted to see the results of what has been a long and complex process. These chapters will not only provide essential guidance for the Cambodians who are tackling the challenges of a changing climate, but also supply evidence to help with government policy- making and implementation. It is also my profound hope that this will focus more attention on the factors that support resilience, and lead to more research and ultimately the evidence that is crucial for interventions that are efficient and effective. This book is also timely. Cambodians throughout the country have been facing greater instances of flooding, with changing patterns of precipitation. Even in the cities this has caused major upheaval. But for rural farmers, these changes have often challenged the viability of established cropping calendars and crop varieties with catastrophic consequences leading to acute anxiety for the country’s most vulnerable people. Even so, as some of these reports show, government interventions in, for instance, encouraging the uptake of new rice varieties and in guiding the people to adopt new agricultural practices, have been having a positive effect. This is particularly heartening for the government in its plans to increase rice exports: there is a growing international demand for our country’s high quality rice, and this is already starting to attract much-needed export income. Clearly there is a convergence of interest, supporting the notion that climate adaptation should be mainstreamed within agricultural development. But, as other chapters show, resilience is being built not just from external intervention, but through the initiative of the farmers themselves. Many have been finding their own ways to cope with a changing climate - through, for instance, different forms of labor and livelihood diversification. The lessons learnt from many of the locations studied will be of benefit to others: in recording these innovative practices, this book can help to inspire people throughout the country to consider and perhaps even adopt new crops, new practices and even new livelihood activities. There is clearly much to celebrate. But this book also draws attention to problems that persist or have emerged: there is still much to be done. As some chapters reveal, households are not equally equipped to cope with the challenges presented by a changing climate. Indeed, social-economic differentiation has been increasing in some locations. New crop varieties can help with adaptation to new rainfall patterns, but adopting these often requires initial outlay that is beyond the means of the country’s poorest people. Without this remedy, they are often forced into wage labor, much of it requiring migration with the consequent threats of family break-down and a lack of cohesion within communities. As another negative response, the need to draw too heavily on natural resources to compensate for diminished agricultural output often depletes forests and fish stocks to an extent that threatens their sustainability. The modernization of farming practices is clearly desirable, but this needs to Learning for resilience: Insights from Cambodia’s rural communities vii take place with due regard to the needs of all community members, as well as the future welfare of the country’s agriculture as a whole. Within this process, attention must remain focused on the long-term: the future health of the soil, forests and so on must not be sacrificed for the attractive but short-term financial gains of some business enterprise initiatives. Research conducted for this project shows that there are alternatives to rice mono-cropping intensification that avoid many of these problems: the multi-purpose farming system, for instance, is shown to be environmentally sound, economically beneficial and socially equitable. As such, its wider adoption could greatly support the government’s green growth policy. As another factor, the need to manage water resources in a climate that now presents more floods and droughts than before, is crucial. The evidence presented here shows that arrangements, specifically the Farmer Water User Communities, have great potential to play a positive role in managing water resources, but that they are not yet functioning as well as they might. This publication highlights their difficulties and presents approaches that can help to improve their usefulness and thereby achieve their potential. In their 2009 seminal study, Yusuf and Francisco showed that Cambodia was particularly vulnerable to climate change and the reports here provide further evidence that unpredictable floods and droughts are threats to people who already struggle to feed themselves and their families. At the same time, in a wider perspective, Cambodia is already challenged
Recommended publications
  • Bak Amraek Lower Secondary School E Ducation

    Bak Amraek Lower Secondary School E Ducation

    B roadening A ccess to S ustainable Bak Amraek Lower Secondary School E ducation Facts Description Name Bak Amraek In spite of its flourishing tourism, Cambodia is still one of the poorest and least developed countries in Southeast Type of facility Lower Secondary School Asia. Development is not evenly distributed in the country and many rural communities remain poverty-stricken No. of students 257 (108 boys, 149 girls) as corruption and self-interest impedes the country’s growth. Bak Amraek Lower Secondary School is located in No. of teachers 14 (4 male, 10 female) Aek Phnum District of the Battambang Province. The local community has a population of 10,663, and the main Facilities to be built 1 building with 4 source of income originates from fishery, plantation work and subsistence farming. The school offers education classrooms & 5 toilets from lower secondary level 1 through 3 (Grades 7–9), and has 257 students, aged 12–15, in attendance. In 2013, Total facilities after 2 buildings with 8 Child’s Dream supported the construction of one school building with 4 classrooms. However, due to increasing completion classrooms & 7 toilets number of students from Preaek Luong and Preaek Norint communes and 7 other surrounding villages, the Size of building 288 m2 school faces heavy overcrowding. The school suffers from overcrowded classrooms, which creates a chaotic and Budget USD 52,655 unproductive environment for the students to learn in. By providing a new school building with four fully Construction period March - September 2016 furnished classrooms, we will be addressing the overcrowding issue and enable more students to enrol and Project manager Mr.
  • 1 CCHR Briefing Note – 01 April 2015 the Situation of Human Rights

    1 CCHR Briefing Note – 01 April 2015 the Situation of Human Rights

    CCHR Briefing Note – 01 April 2015 The situation of Human Rights Defenders in Cambodia in 2014 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Despite protecting human rights defenders (“HRDs”) falling under the protection of legally binding international instruments, such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (“ICCPR”), many HRDs in the Kingdom of Cambodia (“Cambodia”) remain at high risk of a plethora of threats including arbitrary arrest and detention, physical violence and murder, and threats and intimidation and harassment. The reluctance of the Royal Government of Cambodia (the “RGC”) in protecting HRDs, but moreover its active role in restricting their rights represents a breach of the state’s obligations to respect, protect and fulfill human rights and dangerously restricts the environment in which HRDs operate. This Briefing Note assesses the situation of HRDs in Cambodia in 2014, including restrictions on freedom of assembly and expression and other forms of harassment. The information presented in the Briefing Note is based on data collected by the Cambodian Centre for Human Rights (“CCHR”) in the implementation of its ‘HRDs Project’, now evolved to the Protecting Fundamental Freedoms Project1 which has provided support to HRDs under threat and promoted the rights of HRDs, seeking positive change in government policies and the observance and implementation of international human rights standards. The first section outlines the legal framework for the protection of HRDs, at the international, regional and national levels, and highlights the obligations on the RGC to protect HRDs. The next section profiles the trends and patterns that emerged in 2014, and includes analysis and case studies on the excessive use of force by security forces, the blanket ban on protests, arbitrary arrests of protesters and the practice of pressurizing activists to sign written statements agreeing not to engage in further protests, judicial harassment, and the targeting of environmental and land rights defenders.
  • 44321-013: Climate Resilient Rice Commercialization Sector

    44321-013: Climate Resilient Rice Commercialization Sector

    Initial Environmental Examination Project Number: 44321-013 November 2019 Cambodia: Climate Resilient Rice Commercialization Sector Development Program Loans 3006/3007/8271-CAM Grants 0349/0350-CAM Prepared by Ministry of Economy and Finance for the Royal Government of Cambodia and the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA Nation Religion King Ministry of Economy and Finance Climate-Resilient Rice Commercialization Sector Development Program ADB Loans 3006/3007/8271 and Grants 0349/0350-CAM Initial Environmental Examination for Establishment of Paddy Drying and Storage Facility at Phou Poy Rice Mill in Chumnik Village, Anlong Vil Commune, Sangkae District, Battambang Province November 2019 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (November 2019) Currency Unit – riel (KR) KR1.00 = $0.00025 $1.00 = KR4, 000 ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank CLAC Commune Land Acquisition Committee DD & CS Detailed Design and Construction Supervision EHS Environmental, Health and Safety EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan
  • Prosperity and Poverty: Livelihood Transitions Emerging from Land Use Change in Two Mondulkiri Communes So Dane, Hak Sochanny, O

    Prosperity and Poverty: Livelihood Transitions Emerging from Land Use Change in Two Mondulkiri Communes So Dane, Hak Sochanny, O

    Prosperity and Poverty: Livelihood Transitions Emerging from Land Use Change in Two Mondulkiri Communes So Dane, Hak Sochanny, Oeur Il, and John McAndrew February 2015 Analyzing Development Issues Centre Prosperity and Poverty: Livelihood Transitions Emerging from Land Use Change in Two Mondulkiri Communes So Dane, Hak Sochanny, Oeur Il, and John McAndrew February 2015 Analyzing Development Issues Centre 2 In memory of Rebecca (Pem) Catalla 3 Table of Contents Acknowledgements 5 Abstract 6 Introduction 7 Research Problem 9 Research Focus 9 Conceptual Framework and Methods 11 Livelihood Transitions 11 Land Use Change 14 Data Collection Methods 15 Transitions in Dak Dam and Srae Preah Communes (2003-2012) 19 Land Use Changes 19 Livelihood Transitions 22 Differential Earnings in Diverse Income Groups 33 Land Transactions in Diverse Income Groups 39 Buying and Selling of Labor and Other Products 41 Poverty and Inequality in Dak Dam and Srae Preah Communes (2003-2012) 45 Household Income Inequality 45 Village Income Inequality 48 Conclusions 51 Recommendations 54 References 56 Appendices 59 4 Acknowledgements The research team of the Analyzing Development Issues Centre (ADIC) express our gratitude especially to the Bunong indigenous people in the Mondulkiri communes of Dak Dam and Srae Preah for sharing their experiences of land use change and livelihood transitions with us. The researchers would also like to thank the village, commune and district authorities and the government officials who supported and cooperated in this study. The team received invaluable assistance from the indigenous field researchers, Sra Lonh, Ki Neap, Vaing Samrith, Bunthen Chanthai, and Khan Channy, and their work was highly appreciated.
  • View, Refugees from Neighboring Regions, Seeking for 15 August 1965, P

    View, Refugees from Neighboring Regions, Seeking for 15 August 1965, P

    11 Photo by Sina Brod by Photo URBAN 97 Urban131127.indd 97 1/8/14 7:59 AM URBAN The urban population refers to people living A Brief History of Khmer Cities could easily produce up to three rice yields inhabitants combine multiple occupations such many of the reservoirs and green spaces that in an urban area, classified as communes According to Khmer architect Vann Molyvann, a year. The ancient style Khmer capital lasted as services and farming. Only 6.68% work in were removed had important drainage func- that match the following “Reclassification of the early Mon-Khmer lived in settlements of until the eventual occupation of the Kingdom agricultural occupations such as crop cultivation, tions for the city. This growth is connected to Urban Area in Cambodia” criteria from 2004 circular earthworks and mound settlements, and then changed its location following or fisheries, and only 1.21% are employed in the socio-economic development in the city, (NIS 2010, p.15): set in circles nearby natural irrigation sources several further foreign invasions. In the 19th craft work such as furniture or food production such as housing projects and attempts to 1. Population density exceeding 200 people/ such as the Mekong River, its tributaries and century, King Ang Duong began to develop (NCDD 2010). Many other people who work build satellite cities, as well as other private km2 ponds. Mound settlements were found at the the settlement that is still Cambodia’s capital in informal sectors, such as street vendors or investments that have contributed to massive 2. Percentage of male employment in agri- area of Chamcar Andong in the Southwest of today.
  • Technical Assistance Layout with Instructions

    Technical Assistance Layout with Instructions

    Initial Environmental Examination July 2015 Cambodia: Greater Mekong Subregion Livelihood Support for Corridor Towns This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. FINAL Initial Environmental Examination Battambang Night Market ADB-Grant 9173 REG: GMS Livelihood Support for Corridor Towns Submitted by: Advancing Engineering Consultants, Ltd. Contact Information: Advancing Engineering Consultants, Ltd. No. 23, Street 294, Sangkat Tonle Basac Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia +855 (0) 23 986 330 July 2015 Executive Summary Executive Summary The ―Greater Mekong Subregion Livelihood Support for Corridor Towns Project‖ aims to pilot market development as an approach to poverty reduction in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) by providing market facilities for informal poor vendors in the Battambang town of Battambang Province, Cambodia that will: (i) address the lack of security and hygiene; (ii) enhance the health conditions of traders and other users; (iii) address access to customer flow translating to increased income with a facility that is attractive to customers; and (iv) promote quality products as a result of created and/or enhanced product value chains.
  • Ggákarshrbcacati Kariyal½yén]Tþmsñgkarttylbnþúksit§Imnussrbcamkm<Úca PRESS RELEASE

    Ggákarshrbcacati Kariyal½yén]Tþmsñgkarttylbnþúksit§Imnussrbcamkm<Úca PRESS RELEASE

    UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER BUREAU DU HAUT COMMISSAIRE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS IN CAMBODIA AUX DROITS DE L’HOMME AU CAMBODGE GgÁkarshRbCaCati kariyal½yén]tþmsñgkarTTYlbnÞúksiT§imnusSRbcaMkm<úCa PRESS RELEASE 3 indigenous communities to receive communal land titles Three indigenous villages comprising 329 families in the northeast region of Cambodia have been granted communal land titles by the Royal Government, the first to be issued in the country. In a joint ceremony on 14 December 2011 in Rattanakiri province, community members of Le En village in Teun commune, Koun Mom district and La L’eun Kraen village in Ou Chum commune, Ou Chum district, received their certificates of collective land title for 1,454 hectares and 920 hectares, respectively. The third recipient-village, Andong Kraloeng in Sen Monorom commune, Ou Reang district in Mondulkiri province will be awarded communal land ownership for a total area of 1,425 hectares in January 2012. The three communities represent different indigenous peoples— Le En village is inhabited by Kreung and Tumpoun peoples while La L’eun Kraen village is composed mainly of the Tumpoun people. Andong Kraloeng village is made up of the Phnnong indigenous people. The communal land titles for indigenous peoples were approved late this year by relevant government ministries after three pilot communities submitted their applications in 2009. The right to collective land ownership for indigenous peoples is enshrined in the 2001 Land Law and in subsequent policies and legislation. The Royal Government of Cambodia also expressed its commitment at the international level for indigenous peoples’ land rights when it voted in favour of the adoption of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in 2007.
  • NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS for BUILDING RESILIENCE in TOWNS and CITIES Case Studies from the Greater Mekong Subregion

    NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS for BUILDING RESILIENCE in TOWNS and CITIES Case Studies from the Greater Mekong Subregion

    NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS FOR BUILDING RESILIENCE IN TOWNS AND CITIES Case Studies from the Greater Mekong Subregion ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Creative Commons Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO license (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO) © 2016 Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 632 4444; Fax +63 2 636 2444 www.adb.org Some rights reserved. Published in 2016. Printed in the Philippines. ISBN 978-92-9257-657-8 (Print), 978-92-9257-658-5 (e-ISBN) Publication Stock No. TIM168331 Cataloging-In-Publication Data Asian Development Bank. Nature-based solutions for building resilience in towns and cities: Case studies from the Greater Mekong Subregion. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2016. 1. Climate change resilience. 2. Nature-based adaptations. 3. Greater Mekong Subregion. i. Asian Development Bank. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
  • General Population Census of Cambodia 1998 Final Census Results

    General Population Census of Cambodia 1998 Final Census Results

    KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA Nation - Religion - King General Population Census of Cambodia 1998 Final Census Results (2nd Edition) National Institute of Statistics, Ministry of Planning Phnom Penh, Cambodia Funded by: United Nations Population Fund August, 2002 CONTENTS Page Foreword by HE Minister of Planning 3 Foreword by UNFPA Representative, Cambodia 5 Cambodia-Province Map 6 Figures at a Glance 7 SECTION 1- Introduction 10 SECTION 2- Brief Analysis of Final Census Results of Cambodia 17 GLOSSARY 37 SECTION 3- Census Tables 41 Cambodia 42 Provinces / Municipalities (with Analytical Notes) 45 01. Banteay Mean Chey 46 02. Bat Dambang 56 03. Kampong Cham 67 04. Kampong Chhnang 80 05. Kampong Spueu 91 06. Kampong Thum 102 07. Kampot 113 08. Kandal 124 09. Kaoh Kong 136 10. Kracheh 146 11. Mondol Kiri 156 12. Phnom Penh Municipality 165 13. Preah Vihear 176 14. Prey Veaeng 186 15. Pousat 198 16. Rotanak Kiri 208 17. Siem Reab 218 1 18. Krong Preah Sihanouk 229 19. Stueng Traeng 238 20. Svay Rieng 248 21. Takaev 259 22. Otdar Mean Chey 270 23. Krong Kaeb 279 24. Krong Pailin 288 Annexes Annex 1- Form A - Houselisting and 297 Form B - Households Questionnaires 298 Annex 2- List of Priority Tables 302 Annex 3- Publication Programme 304 2 TOC FOREWORD By HE Minister of Planning, Cambodia It is with great pleasure that I present this report containing the final population figures and some important results of the 1998 Census of Cambodia. Earlier, in August 1998, the provisional population figures were released based on a quick tabulation of summary figures provided by the enumerators.
  • Quarterly Report #21 Helping Address Rural Vulnerabilities and Ecosystem Stability (Harvest) Program

    Quarterly Report #21 Helping Address Rural Vulnerabilities and Ecosystem Stability (Harvest) Program

    Prepared by Fintrac Inc. QUARTERLY REPORT #21 HELPING ADDRESS RURAL VULNERABILITIES AND ECOSYSTEM STABILITY (HARVEST) PROGRAM January – March 2016 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Fintrac Inc. under contract # AID-442-C-11-00001 with USAID/Cambodia. HARVEST ANNUAL REPORT #1, DECEMBER 2010 – SEPTEMBER 2011 1 Fintrac Inc. www.fintrac.com [email protected] US Virgin Islands 3077 Kronprindsens Gade 72 St. Thomas, USVI 00802 Tel: (340) 776-7600 Fax: (340) 776-7601 Washington, D.C. 1400 16th St. NW, Suite 400 Washington, D.C. 20036 USA Tel: (202) 462-8475 Fax: (202) 462-8478 Cambodia HARVEST No. 34 Street 310 Sangkat Beong Keng Kang 1 Khan Chamkamorn, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Tel: 855 (0) 23 996 419 Fax: 855 (0) 23 996 418 QUARTERLY REPORT #21 HELPING ADDRESS RURAL VULNERABILITIES AND ECOSYSTEM STABILITY (HARVEST) PROGRAM January – March 2016 The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States government. CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY......................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 2 1.1 Program Description ...................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Geographic Focus ...........................................................................................................................................
  • The Deinstitutionalization of Children in Cambodia: Intended and Unintended Consequences

    The Deinstitutionalization of Children in Cambodia: Intended and Unintended Consequences

    THE DEINSTITUTIONALIZATION OF CHILDREN IN CAMBODIA: INTENDED AND UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES DISSERTATION Submitted in fulfillment of the requirement for the Master in Development Studies (MDEV) by Pamela Michel Lizarazu Geneva 2018 THE DEINSTITUTIONALIZATION OF CHILDREN IN CAMBODIA Acknowledgments To Graziella Moraes Silva, my dissertation supervisor. Grazi, without your constant encouragement and guidance, I would not have been able to achieve this. I hope it does show the effort of a novice researcher who admires your wisdom, and humbleness. Thank you immensely. Professor Christophe Gironde, thank you sincerely for allowing me to learn from this fascinating experience in Cambodia and for supporting students whenever you can. A special thanks to Amaury Peeters, for your excellent leadership skills and your support throughout. Outstanding thanks to all the team of the NGO Louvain Cooperation in Cambodia, as well as the research team of the MICCAF project (special mention to Lucy P. Jordan, Thida Kim, and Emily Yao Fu). I learned greatly from your inputs, and from spending time with you. My sincere acknowledgments to the International Organization for Migration (IOM), Mission in Cambodia, for helping me connect with key informants. Moreover, a special thanks to all the key informants that shared their time and knowledge with me. I am also grateful to all the Residential Care Facilities which opened their doors to our visits and to the people who collaborated with this research. Thank you for your valuable time! My dear Cambodian brother, Hong Dy, a wise young man who taught me a lot during this experience. Thanks for your friendship and your work as a translator.
  • Thèse Pour Obtenir Le Grade De Docteur De Montpellier Supagro

    Thèse Pour Obtenir Le Grade De Docteur De Montpellier Supagro

    THÈSE POUR OBTENIR LE GRADE DE DOCTEUR DE MONTPELLIER SUPAGRO En Écologie Fonctionnelle et Sciences Agronomiques École doctorale GAIA – Biodiversité, Agriculture, Alimentation, Environnement, Terre, Eau Portée par l’Université de Montpellier Unité de recherche UR 115 - AIDA-Agroécologie et Intensification Durable des Cultures Annuelles LANDSCAPES AND LIVELIHOODS CHANGES IN THE NORTH-WESTERN UPLANDS OF CAMBODIA: OPPORTUNITIES FOR BUILDING RESILIENT FARMING SYSTEMS Présentée par M. Rada KONG Le 7 novembre 2019 Sous la direction de Jean Christophe CASTELLA Devant le jury composé de M. Jean -Pierre SARTHOU, Professeur, INP-ENSAT Président du jury - Rapporteur M. Ole MERTZ, Professeur, Université de Copenhagen Rapporteur Mme Agnès BEGUE, Chercheuse, CIRAD Examinatrice M. Philippe MERAL, Directeur de Recherche, IRD Examinateur Mme Malyne NEANG, Maître de Conférence, Royal University of Agriculture Cambodia Examinatrice M. Florent TIVET, Chercheur, CIRAD Examinateur M. Jean-Christophe CASTELLA, Directeur de Recherche, IRD Directeur de thèse 1 Acknowledgements This PhD dissertation is the result of my personal trajectory as a long time observer of the agricultural changes in the uplands of Cambodia and neighboring countries in Southeast Asia. A number of persons has guided me all along that discovery process. During my master thesis research in Pailin Province, Cambodia in 2007, I witnessed the agricultural colonization of forestlands by successive waves of poor migrants who risked their life to clear land from the forest despite the landmines and the malaria. Like the local farmers, I was happy to see their fertile soils and high yields. At that time, they produced up to 10t/ha maize grain without fertilizers in newly reclaimed land.