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Plêiades Pela Lua Em 28/ 09/91

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Plêiades Pela Lua Em 28/ 09/91 A Ocultação de M 45 - Plêiades Pela Lua em 28/ 09/91 Walter J. Maluf, Julio Cesar Lobo ABSTRACT 2. OBSERVAÇÃO OCCULTATION OF THE PLEIADES A observação visual da ocultação foi BY THE MOON IN SEPT. 28, 1991, by Walter J. Maluf: realizada na Estação Padrão USNO SJ 302, localizada Just before dawn of Sept. 28, 1991, the author has na cidade de Monte Mor/SP com as seguintes observed and timed the disappearance and timed the coordenadas: disappearance and reappearance of several Pleiades Longitude: 47º19’07.47" WG stars. Results are then compared with USNO’s Latitude: 22º57’0.97" S predictions. Altitude: 532.50 metros 1. INTRODUÇÃO Aproximadamente há uma hora do Na madrugada de 28 de setembro de evento, dirigi-me ao posto de observação com todo o 91, entre 06h38' (TU) e 08h44' (TU), a Lua ocultou as equipamento habitual e necessário para registrar a estrelas que compõe o aglomerado aberto M45 - ocultação. Posicionei o telescópio refrator na linha Sul- Plêiades. Esse aglomerado possui cerca de 250 estrelas Norte, aferi o cronômetro pelo pulso horário fornecido e apenas 7 delas são observáveis à vista desarmada e, pela Radio Relógio Federal do Rio de Janeiro, ondas situa-se aproximadamente a 450 anos-luz de distância. curtas, 580 e 4905 Khz, com pulsos nos segundos 58, 59 São estrelas jovens gigantes azuis e as mais brilhantes e 60 de cada minuto. são: Alcyone (Eta Tauri), Celaeno (16 Tauri), Electra Utilizei uma carta lunar com ângulos de (17 Tauri), Taygeta (19 Tauri), Astérope (21 Tauri), Maia WATT para acompanhar as ocultações, fichas de (20 Tauri), Mérope (23 Tauri), Atlas (27 Tauri) e Pleione reportes p/ ILOC, LIADA e REA; lanterna de luz (BU Tauri). vermelha, aparato contra o frio e termômetro em graus As Plêiades localizam-se em: AR = centígrados para temperatura ambiente. 03h47' e Decl. +24º e foram formadas há A primeira ocultação foi de Electra, com aproximadamente 50 milhões de anos. o desaparecimento no limbo brilhante e reaparecimento TABELA 1 no limbo escuro lunar. Depois, seguiram-se as ocultações de Pºnº SPAO n SDMeA G Nom Celaeno, Taygeta, Astérope, 22 Tauri, Maia e finalmente P149 057613 BU3). 8 ELECTRA (17 Tauri a mais espetacular Alcyone. P643 75612 BV5). 4CELAENO (16 Tauri TABELA 2 Magnitudes das estrelas, aspecatos da Lua no céu, ângulos P067 057614 BX4). 4 TAYGETA (19 Tauri de Cúspides e Watt e fenômenos (D/R) P9116 087615 B-5). 8ASTEROPE (21 tauri Lua = Idade 19,7 dias; Fase = -79% PLÊIADES: AR = 03h47m; Decl.: +24º P4121 097616 BK6i. 5 22 Taur EGstrela MTA PLCT/SNL MAF/A CAWFNOME S P5110 057615 BX4). 0 MAIA (20 Tauri S8AO 076131 39. -37 4S581 1D2 ELECTR A P9248 057619 BK3. 0ALCYONE (Eta Tauri) S8AO 076131 39. -97 3S568 2R3 ELECTR A P nº = Número do catálogo de estrelas das Plêiades. S4AO 076126 59. -77 3N871 2R7 CELAEN O SAO = Número do catálogo SMITHSONIAN ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY. S4AO 076140 49. -67 3N444 3R1 TAYGET A SP = Tipo Spectral (B = branco azulada - 21000ºK - azul S8AO 076159 59. -47 3N262 3R3 ASTEROP E claro - Hélio em abundância/neutro, não ionizado - Tipo: S5AO 076164 69. -37 3N353 3R2 22 TAUR I Spica) S0AO 076155 49. -27 3N771 2R8 MAI A D = Código de estrela dupla. MAG = Magnitudes. S0AO 076199 39. -37 3S-27 1D7 ALCYON E NOME = Nome das principais estrelas das Plêiades. S0AO 076199 39. -97 2S268 2R0 ALCYON E REA - REPORTE Nº 5 46 PCT/SNLT = Porcentagem do disco lunar iluminado 1. Telescópio refrator, 60mm x 900mm, f/D=15, MN/AL = Altura em graus da Lua sobre o horizonte ocular de 20mm com 42x, montagem equatorial- manual; CA = ângulo de Cúspide do evento. 2. Cronômetro Citizen digital até décimos de WA = ângulo de Watt do evento. segundos; F = Fenômeno - D = desaparecimento/R = 3. Radio de Ondas Curtas; reaparecimento 4. Carta selenográfica com ângulos de WATT, para acompanhar as trajetórias dos eventos; 2.1 MÉTODO DE OBSERVAÇÃO 5. Lanterna com luz vermelha; O método usado foi o STOPWATCH - 6. Fichas para reportes e outros apontamentos; cronômetro. 7. Termômetro em graus centigrados, cadeira e Acionei o cronômetro o mais rápido aparato contra o frio. possível quando observei as ocultações e desliguei-o, 3. RESULTADOS quando ouvi os pulsos horários da Radio Relógio Federal, subtraindo-se a hora do sinal o tempo lido. A Tabela IV mostra o resultado obtido em tempo universal e os desvios (O-C) ocorridos entre Outra maneira é acionar o cronômetro a Hora Calculada (H.C.) e a Hora Observada (H.O.), antes do fenômeno, anotando a hora e desliga-se o bem como um gráfico das trajetórias das ocultações de cronômetro, quando ocorre a ocultação. Soma-se então, cada estrela. à hora anotada, o tempo lido. Deve-se salientar aqui, o importante Equação pessoal: Neste método, é muito difícil trabalho realizado pelo Observatório do Capricórnio de estimar a equação pessoal (tempo de reação que o Campinas, que gravou em vídeo, através de uma câmara observador tem para acionar ou parar o cronômetro, CCD, acoplada ao telescópio principal de 600mm, o desde que viu o fenômeno), pois tem duas partes, desaparecimento de 04 estrelas das Plêiades, todas em uma quando aciona o cronômetro e outra, quando imersão (desaparecimento) no limbo brilhante lunar. O este é parado (ou vice-versa). Capricórnio registrou os seguintes tempos das ocultações: a) Electra - SAO 076131 - 06h40’16.13" TU 2.2 PREDIÇÕES DAS OCULTAÇÕES b) Celaeno - SAO 076126 - 07h06’41.64" TU As predições das ocultações das c) Maia - SAO 076155 - 07h17’05.00" TU Plêiades pela Lua em 91, foram fornecidas então, pelo d) Alcyone - SAO 076199 - 08h44’00.38" TU USNO - U.S. NAVAL OBSERVATORY dos Estados Estas gravações em video, foram Unidos, calculadas para as coordenadas da Estação realizadas simultaneamente com a Estação Padrão SJ Padrão USNO SJ 302 de Monte Mor. Em 92, essas 302 de Monte Mor, é claro que em posições geográficas predições passaram a ser fornecidas pelo IOTA - diferentes. INTERNATIONAL OCCULTATION TIMING Esta documentação em vídeo, a única ASSOCIATION. no gênero em nosso meio, constitui um dos relevantes trabalhos na área das ocultações lunares, do TABELA 3 departamento de ocultações do Observatório do Dados extraídos das predições do USNO/91 para as ocultações Capricórnio, modestamente por mim coordenado. das Plêiades. Egstrela M.a F)en Hs.Calc(TU Nome TABELA IV S8AO 076131 3.. D"esap 0A6h38'43 ELECTR Observador: WALTER JOSE MALUF S8AO 076131 3.. R"eap 0A7h53'18 ELECTR Telescópio: Refrator 60mm - ocular H20mm = 42x Estação padrão: SJ 302 - Monte Mor/SP - BRASIL S4AO 076126 5.. R"eap 0O8h05'05 CELAEN Coordenadas: Longitude: 47º19’07.47" WG S4AO 076140 4.. R"eap 0A8h14'42 TAYGET Latitude: 22º57’0.97" S S8AO 076159 5.. R"eap 0E8h29'59 ASTEROP S5AO 076164 6.. R"eap 0I8h40'53 22 TAUR S0AO 076155 4.. R"eap 0A8h43'20 MAI S0AO 076199 3.. D"esap 0E8h44'34 ALCYON S0AO 076199 3.. R"eap 0E9h09'25 ALCYON 2.3 EQUIPAMENTO E MATERIAL Foram usados os seguintes equipamentos e materiais, durante a observação das ocultações das Plêiades: REA - REPORTE Nº 5 47 EFstrela H).C.(TU )HC.O.(TU Os- Nome 5. REDUÇÃO DAS OBSERVAÇÕES SD"AO 076131 0"6h38'43 0"6"38'41.9 1A.33 ELECTR As reduções das observações das ocultações das Plêiades pela Lua, são fornecidas pelo SR"AO 076131 0"7h53'18 0"7h53'20.1 0A.20 ELECTR ILOC - INTERNATIONAL LUNAR OCCULTATION CENTRE, centro internacional das ocultações lunares SR"AO 076126 0"8h05'05 0"8h05'07.7 -O0.02 CELAEN que recebe as observações, reduz e publica no seu “REPORT OF LUNAR OCCULTATION SR"AO 076140 0"8h14'42 0"8h14'44.9 -A0.69 TAYGET OBSERVATIONS”. SR"AO 076159 0"8h29'59 0"8h30'00.2 -E0.40 ASTEROP 6. AGRADECIMENTOS SR"AO 076164 0"8h40'53 0"8h40'47.6 -I2.21 22 TAUR Julio C. Lobo - Observatório do Capricórnio - Campinas/SP José Vitor Rodrigues - Observatório do Capricórnio/Campinas SR"AO 076155 0"8h43'20 0"8h53'23.5 0A.25 MAI Orlando Rodrigues - Observatório do Capricórnio/Campinas SD"AO 076199 0"8h44'34 0"8h44'34.6 0E.92 ALCYON Paulo S. Bretones - Planetário Municipal de Campinas Akio Senda - ILOC - Japão, Mitsuo Kawada - ILOC - Japão, SR"AO 076199 0-9h09'25 ------------- ------ N.OBSERV. Tasso A. Napoleão - REA/SP *Obs.: O reaparecimento de ALCYONE FIGURA 3 não pode ser observado devido ao nascer do Sol e a baixa altitude da Lua. 4. REPORTES DAS OCULTAÇÕES As observações das ocultações das Plêiades, foram reportadas em fichas próprias para as seguintes entidades astronômicas: a) ILOC - INTERNATIONAL LUNAR OCCULTATION CENTRE - Japão b) LIADA - LIGA IBERO AMERICANA DE ASTRONOMIA - Venezuela c) REA - REDE DE ASTRONOMIA OBSERVACIONAL - São Paulo/Brasil d) OBSERVATÓRIO DO CAPRICÓRNIO - Monte Urânia - Campinas/SP e) CAMM - CLUBE DE ASTRONOMIA DE MONTE MOR - Monte Mor/SP 7. REFERÊNCIAS 1) Bretones, Paulo S. - “Ocultações totais de Estrelas pela Lua”, série Manuais Práticos; 2) Mourão, Ronaldo R.F. - “URANOGRAFIA” 3) Faria, Romildo P. - “Fundamentos de Astronomia e Astronomia a olho nú”. 4) Senda, Akio - Correspondências particulares; 5) Kawada, Mitsuo - Correspondências particulares; 6) Silva, Luiz A.L. - “Ocultações - Um Manual Prático”, GOB/ 91 - Guia de Ocultações para o Brasil/91. 7) REA - Reportes nº 1/88 e 4/91. REA - REPORTE Nº 5 48.
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