West Coast District Municipality By
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3 This Report should WESTbe cited as follows:COAST West Coast DISTRICTDistrict Municipality (201 9). Draft Coastal Management Programme: Second Generation. MUNICIPALITY This report was developed for the West Coast District Municipality by: The Point, Suite 408, 4th Floor Contact: 76 Regent Road, Sea Point Dr Ted Avis CAPE TOWN Tel: 021 045 0900 8060 Email: [email protected] www.cesnet.co.za Also in Grahamstown, Port Amy Lindsay Elizabeth, East London, Tel: 083 554 9229 Johannesburg & Maputo Email: [email protected] West Coast District Municipality: Charles Malherbe Nick de Jongh CES: Ted Avis Amy Lindsay Acknowledgements: Bergrivier Municipality Cederberg Municipality Matzikama Municipality Saldanha Bay Municipality Swartland Municipality SECOND GENERATION COASTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME 2019 - 2024 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... IX 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Defining the Coastal Zone ............................................................................................... 1 1.3 Value of the coast ............................................................................................................ 5 1.4 Context of Coastal Management Programmes in South Africa ........................................ 5 1.5 The Purpose of the Updated West Coast District Coastal Management Programme ....... 5 1.6 The West Coast District Municipality Coastal Management Programme Development Process ....................................................................................................................................... 6 1.7 Framework of the Second Generation WCDM CMP ........................................................ 7 2 LEGISLATIVE OVERVIEW..................................................................................................... 1 2.1 Legislation ....................................................................................................................... 1 2.2 National and Provincial policies and programmes ............................................................ 8 2.3 West Coast District Municipality policies and programmes .............................................. 9 2.4 Local Municipality policies and programmes .................................................................... 9 2.5 Other policies and programmes ..................................................................................... 10 3 SITUATION ASSESSMENT ................................................................................................. 11 3.1 Locality and extent of the coastline ................................................................................ 11 3.2 Theme 1: Institutional Arrangements and Cooperative Governance .............................. 12 3.2.1. Coastal management functions at Provincial, District and Local Level ......................... 12 3.2.2. Co-operative governance ............................................................................................ 14 3.2.3. Protected Areas ........................................................................................................... 15 3.2.4. WCDM Coastal Committee.......................................................................................... 15 3.3 Theme 2: Coastal access .............................................................................................. 16 3.3.1. Existing access to the coastline ................................................................................... 16 3.3.2. Western Cape Coastal Management Programme (2016) ............................................ 17 3.3.3. National and Provincial Coastal Access Strategies ...................................................... 18 3.3.4. Coastal Access Audit for the WCDM ........................................................................... 19 3.3.5. Coastal public amenities .............................................................................................. 20 3.3.6. Working for the Coast projects .................................................................................... 20 3.3.7. Public launch sites ....................................................................................................... 22 3.3.8. Use of vehicles in the coastal zone.............................................................................. 23 3.3.9. The use of the coastal zone for recreational activities.................................................. 25 3.3.10. Facilitation of coastal access through land use planning processes .......................... 26 3.4 Theme 3: Coastal Planning and Development ............................................................... 26 3.4.1. Western Cape Biodiversity Spatial Plan (2017) ........................................................... 27 3.4.2. Cape West Coast Biosphere Reserve (CWCBR) ......................................................... 30 3.4.3. Coastal Management Lines ......................................................................................... 32 3.4.4. West Coast District Municipality’s Climate Change Response Framework (2014) ....... 34 3.5 Theme 4: Compliance, monitoring and enforcement ...................................................... 35 3.5.1. Environmental Management Inspectorate (EMI) .......................................................... 35 3.5.2. Fisheries Control Officers ............................................................................................ 36 3.5.3. Air Quality Compliance and Enforcement in the WCDM .............................................. 37 3.6 Theme 5: Estuary management ..................................................................................... 37 3.7 Theme 6: Natural resource management ...................................................................... 46 3.7.1. Vegetation ................................................................................................................... 46 3.7.2. Formal protected Areas ............................................................................................... 46 3.7.3. Important Bird Areas ................................................................................................... 55 3.7.4. Marine resources ......................................................................................................... 55 3.7.5. Mineral resources ........................................................................................................ 60 3.8 Theme 7: Heritage resource management..................................................................... 70 3.8.1. Khoisan communities within the WCDM ...................................................................... 70 3.8.2. Heritage resources ...................................................................................................... 70 3.9 Theme 8: Pollution control and management ................................................................. 72 3.9.1. Existing sources of pollution in the coastal zone .......................................................... 72 3.9.2. Existing pollution monitoring and management activities ............................................. 79 3.10 Theme 9: Socio-economic development ........................................................................ 84 3.10.1. Contribution to Provincial GDP and demographic profile ........................................... 85 3.10.2. Existing ports and harbours ....................................................................................... 89 3.10.3. Western Cape Small Harbours: Spatial and Economic Development Frameworks .... 90 3.10.4. Tourism assets in the WCDM .................................................................................... 91 3.10.5. Aquaculture activities ................................................................................................. 94 3.10.6. Saldanha Bay Special Economic Zone (SEZ) ............................................................ 94 3.10.7. Small Scale Fisheries Policy ...................................................................................... 95 3.10.8. Renewable Energy opportunities ............................................................................... 96 3.11 Theme 10: Awareness, education, training, capacity building and information ............... 98 3.11.1. National Oceans and Coastal Information Management System ............................... 98 3.11.2. South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)............................................... 100 3.11.3. Formalised coastal education and awareness campaigns ....................................... 100 3.11.4. National and Provincial training initiatives ................................................................ 101 3.11.5. Signage at beaches ................................................................................................. 102 3.11.6. Coastal related forums and committees ................................................................... 103 3.11.7. Fisheries Community Development Workers ........................................................... 103 3.11.8. Public libraries ........................................................................................................