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The Comet's Tale, and Therefore the Object As a Whole Would the Section Director Nick James Highlighted Have a Low Surface Brightness
1 Diebold Schilling, Disaster in connection with two comets sighted in 1456, Lucerne Chronicle, 1513 (Wikimedia Commons) THE COMET’S TALE Comet Section – British Astronomical Association Journal – Number 38 2019 June britastro.org/comet Evolution of the comet C/2016 R2 (PANSTARRS) along a total of ten days on January 2018. Composition of pictures taken with a zoom lens from Teide Observatory in Canary Islands. J.J Chambó Bris 2 Table of Contents Contents Author Page 1 Director’s Welcome Nick James 3 Section Director 2 Melvyn Taylor’s Alex Pratt 6 Observations of Comet C/1995 01 (Hale-Bopp) 3 The Enigma of Neil Norman 9 Comet Encke 4 Setting up the David Swan 14 C*Hyperstar for Imaging Comets 5 Comet Software Owen Brazell 19 6 Pro-Am José Joaquín Chambó Bris 25 Astrophotography of Comets 7 Elizabeth Roemer: A Denis Buczynski 28 Consummate Comet Section Secretary Observer 8 Historical Cometary Amar A Sharma 37 Observations in India: Part 2 – Mughal Empire 16th and 17th Century 9 Dr Reginald Denis Buczynski 42 Waterfield and His Section Secretary Medals 10 Contacts 45 Picture Gallery Please note that copyright 46 of all images belongs with the Observer 3 1 From the Director – Nick James I hope you enjoy reading this issue of the We have had a couple of relatively bright Comet’s Tale. Many thanks to Janice but diffuse comets through the winter and McClean for editing this issue and to Denis there are plenty of images of Buczynski for soliciting contributions. 46P/Wirtanen and C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto) Thanks also to the section committee for in our archive. -
Download the AAS 2011 Annual Report
2011 ANNUAL REPORT AMERICAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY aas mission and vision statement The mission of the American Astronomical Society is to enhance and share humanity’s scientific understanding of the universe. 1. The Society, through its publications, disseminates and archives the results of astronomical research. The Society also communicates and explains our understanding of the universe to the public. 2. The Society facilitates and strengthens the interactions among members through professional meetings and other means. The Society supports member divisions representing specialized research and astronomical interests. 3. The Society represents the goals of its community of members to the nation and the world. The Society also works with other scientific and educational societies to promote the advancement of science. 4. The Society, through its members, trains, mentors and supports the next generation of astronomers. The Society supports and promotes increased participation of historically underrepresented groups in astronomy. A 5. The Society assists its members to develop their skills in the fields of education and public outreach at all levels. The Society promotes broad interest in astronomy, which enhances science literacy and leads many to careers in science and engineering. Adopted 7 June 2009 A S 2011 ANNUAL REPORT - CONTENTS 4 president’s message 5 executive officer’s message 6 financial report 8 press & media 9 education & outreach 10 membership 12 charitable donors 14 AAS/division meetings 15 divisions, committees & workingA groups 16 publishing 17 public policy A18 prize winners 19 member deaths 19 society highlights Established in 1899, the American Astronomical Society (AAS) is the major organization of professional astronomers in North America. -
A Review on Substellar Objects Below the Deuterium Burning Mass Limit: Planets, Brown Dwarfs Or What?
geosciences Review A Review on Substellar Objects below the Deuterium Burning Mass Limit: Planets, Brown Dwarfs or What? José A. Caballero Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), ESAC, Camino Bajo del Castillo s/n, E-28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain; [email protected] Received: 23 August 2018; Accepted: 10 September 2018; Published: 28 September 2018 Abstract: “Free-floating, non-deuterium-burning, substellar objects” are isolated bodies of a few Jupiter masses found in very young open clusters and associations, nearby young moving groups, and in the immediate vicinity of the Sun. They are neither brown dwarfs nor planets. In this paper, their nomenclature, history of discovery, sites of detection, formation mechanisms, and future directions of research are reviewed. Most free-floating, non-deuterium-burning, substellar objects share the same formation mechanism as low-mass stars and brown dwarfs, but there are still a few caveats, such as the value of the opacity mass limit, the minimum mass at which an isolated body can form via turbulent fragmentation from a cloud. The least massive free-floating substellar objects found to date have masses of about 0.004 Msol, but current and future surveys should aim at breaking this record. For that, we may need LSST, Euclid and WFIRST. Keywords: planetary systems; stars: brown dwarfs; stars: low mass; galaxy: solar neighborhood; galaxy: open clusters and associations 1. Introduction I can’t answer why (I’m not a gangstar) But I can tell you how (I’m not a flam star) We were born upside-down (I’m a star’s star) Born the wrong way ’round (I’m not a white star) I’m a blackstar, I’m not a gangstar I’m a blackstar, I’m a blackstar I’m not a pornstar, I’m not a wandering star I’m a blackstar, I’m a blackstar Blackstar, F (2016), David Bowie The tenth star of George van Biesbroeck’s catalogue of high, common, proper motion companions, vB 10, was from the end of the Second World War to the early 1980s, and had an entry on the least massive star known [1–3]. -
121012-AAS-221 Program-14-ALL, Page 253 @ Preflight
221ST MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 6-10 January 2013 LONG BEACH, CALIFORNIA Scientific sessions will be held at the: Long Beach Convention Center 300 E. Ocean Blvd. COUNCIL.......................... 2 Long Beach, CA 90802 AAS Paper Sorters EXHIBITORS..................... 4 Aubra Anthony ATTENDEE Alan Boss SERVICES.......................... 9 Blaise Canzian Joanna Corby SCHEDULE.....................12 Rupert Croft Shantanu Desai SATURDAY.....................28 Rick Fienberg Bernhard Fleck SUNDAY..........................30 Erika Grundstrom Nimish P. Hathi MONDAY........................37 Ann Hornschemeier Suzanne H. Jacoby TUESDAY........................98 Bethany Johns Sebastien Lepine WEDNESDAY.............. 158 Katharina Lodders Kevin Marvel THURSDAY.................. 213 Karen Masters Bryan Miller AUTHOR INDEX ........ 245 Nancy Morrison Judit Ries Michael Rutkowski Allyn Smith Joe Tenn Session Numbering Key 100’s Monday 200’s Tuesday 300’s Wednesday 400’s Thursday Sessions are numbered in the Program Book by day and time. Changes after 27 November 2012 are included only in the online program materials. 1 AAS Officers & Councilors Officers Councilors President (2012-2014) (2009-2012) David J. Helfand Quest Univ. Canada Edward F. Guinan Villanova Univ. [email protected] [email protected] PAST President (2012-2013) Patricia Knezek NOAO/WIYN Observatory Debra Elmegreen Vassar College [email protected] [email protected] Robert Mathieu Univ. of Wisconsin Vice President (2009-2015) [email protected] Paula Szkody University of Washington [email protected] (2011-2014) Bruce Balick Univ. of Washington Vice-President (2010-2013) [email protected] Nicholas B. Suntzeff Texas A&M Univ. suntzeff@aas.org Eileen D. Friel Boston Univ. [email protected] Vice President (2011-2014) Edward B. Churchwell Univ. of Wisconsin Angela Speck Univ. of Missouri [email protected] [email protected] Treasurer (2011-2014) (2012-2015) Hervey (Peter) Stockman STScI Nancy S. -
Astro2020 Science White Paper Cosmic Evolution of Supermassive
Astro2020 Science White Paper Cosmic evolution of supermassive black holes: A view into the next two decades Thematic Areas: Planetary Systems Star and Planet Formation Formation and Evolution of Compact Objects Cosmology and Fundamental Physics Stars and Stellar Evolution Resolved Stellar Populations and their Environments Galaxy Evolution Multi-Messenger Astronomy and Astrophysics Principal Authors: Francesca Civano1 (E-mail: [email protected]; Tel: +1 617-792-3190), Nico Cappelluti2, Ryan Hickox3, Rebecca Canning4;5 Co-authors: James Aird 6, Marco Ajello 7, Steve Allen 4;5, Eduardo Banados˜ 8, Laura Blecha 9, William N. Brandt 10, Marcella Brusa 11, Francisco Carrera 12, Massimo Cappi 13, Andrea Comastri 13, Klaus Dolag 14;15, Megan Donahue 16, Martin Elvis 1, Giuseppina Fabbiano 1, Francesca Fornasini 1, Poshak Gandhi 17, Antonis Georgakakis 18, Kelly Holley-Bockelmann 19, Anton Koekemoer 20, Andrew Goulding 21, Mackenzie Jones 1, Sibasish Laha 22, Stephanie LaMassa 20, Giorgio Lanzuisi 13, Lauranne Lanz 3, Adam Mantz 4;5, Stefano Marchesi 7, Mar Mezcua 23, Beatriz Mingo 24, Kirpal Nandra 18, Daniel Stern 25;26, Doug Swartz 27, Grant Tremblay 1, Panayiotis Tzanavaris 28, Alexey Vikhlinin 1, Fabio Vito 29;30, Belinda Wilkes 1 Abstract: The discoveries made over the past 20 years by Chandra and XMM-Newton surveys in conjunc- tion with multiwavelength imaging and spectroscopic data available in the same fields have signif- icantly changed the view of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) and galaxy connection. These discoveries have opened up several exciting questions that are beyond the capabilities of current X-ray telescopes and will need to be addressed by observatories in the next two decades. -
Biography of Horace Welcome Babcock
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES H O R ACE W ELCOME B A B COC K 1 9 1 2 — 2 0 0 3 A Biographical Memoir by GEO R G E W . P R ESTON Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. Biographical Memoir COPYRIGHT 2007 NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WASHINGTON, D.C. Photograph by Mount Wilson and Los Campanas Observatories HORACE WELCOME BABCOCK September 13, 1912−August 29, 2003 BY GEORGE W . P RESTON ORACE BABCOCK’S CAREER at the Mount Wilson and Palomar H(later, Hale) Observatories spanned more than three decades. During the first 18 years, from 1946 to 1964, he pioneered the measurement of magnetic fields in stars more massive than the sun, produced a famously successful model of the 22-year cycle of solar activity, and invented important instruments and techniques that are employed throughout the world to this day. Upon assuming the directorship of the observatories, he devoted his last 14 years to creating one of the world’s premier astronomical observatories at Las Campanas in the foothills of the Chilean Andes. CHILDHOOD AND EDUCATION Horace Babcock was born in Pasadena, California, the only child of Harold and Mary Babcock. Harold met Horace’s mother, Mary Henderson, in Berkeley during his student days at the College of Electrical Engineering, University of California. After brief appointments as a laboratory assis- tant at the National Bureau of Standards in 1906 and as a physics teacher at the University of California, Berkeley, in 1907, Horace’s father was invited by George Ellery Hale in 1908 to join the staff of the Mount Wilson Observatory (MWO), where he remained for the rest of his career. -
AAS Newsletter (ISSN 8750-9350) Is Amateur
AASAAS NNEWSLETTEREWSLETTER March 2003 A Publication for the members of the American Astronomical Society Issue 114 President’s Column Caty Pilachowski, [email protected] Inside The State of the AAS Steve Maran, the Society’s Press Officer, describes the January meeting of the AAS as “the Superbowl 2 of astronomy,” and he is right. The Society’s Seattle meeting, highlighted in this issue of the Russell Lecturer Newsletter, was a huge success. Not only was the venue, the Reber Dies Washington State Convention and Trade Center, spectacular, with ample room for all of our activities, exhibits, and 2000+ attendees at Mt. Stromlo Observatory 3 Bush fires in and around the Council Actions the stimulating lectures in plenary sessions, but the weather was Australian Capital Territory spectacular as well. It was a meeting packed full of exciting science, have destroyed much of the 3 and those of us attending the meeting struggled to attend as many Mt. Stromlo Observatory. Up- Election Results talks and see as many posters as we could. Many, many people to-date information on the stopped me to say what a great meeting it was. The Vice Presidents damage and how the US 4 and the Executive Office staff, particularly Diana Alexander, deserve astronomy community can Astronomical thanks from us all for putting the Seattle meeting together. help is available at Journal www.aas.org/policy/ Editor to Retire Our well-attended and exciting meetings are just one manifestation stromlo.htm. The AAS sends its condolences to our of the vitality of the AAS. Worldwide, our Society is viewed as 8 Australian colleagues and Division News strong and vigorous, and other astronomical societies look to us as stands ready to help as best a model for success. -
COS Observations of the Cosmic Web: a Search for the Cooler Components of a Hot, X-Ray Identified Filament
Draft version November 15, 2019 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX63 COS Observations of the Cosmic Web: A Search for the Cooler Components of a Hot, X-ray Identified Filament Thomas Connor ,1 Fakhri S. Zahedy ,2, 3 Hsiao-Wen Chen ,2, 4 Thomas J. Cooper ,3 John S. Mulchaey ,3 and Alexey Vikhlinin 5 1The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA 2Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA 3The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara St., Pasadena, CA 91101, USA 4Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA 5Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA (Received 2019 July 17; Revised 2019 September 14; Accepted 2019 September 18; Published 2019 October 10) Submitted to ApJL ABSTRACT In the local universe, a large fraction of the baryon content is believed to exist as diffuse gas in filaments. While this gas is directly observable in X-ray emission around clusters of galaxies, it is primarily studied through its UV absorption. Recently, X-ray observations of large-scale filaments connecting to the cosmic web around the nearby (z = 0:05584) cluster Abell 133 were reported. One of these filaments is intersected by the sightline to quasar [VV98] J010250.2 220929, allowing for a − first-ever census of cold, cool, and warm gas in a filament of the cosmic web where hot gas has been seen in X-ray emission. Here, we present UV observations with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph and optical observations with the Magellan Echellette spectrograph of [VV98] J010250.2 220929. -
Center for History of Physics Newsletter, Spring 2008
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740-3843, CENTER FOR HISTORY OF PHYSICS NIELS BOHR LIBRARY & ARCHIVES Tel. 301-209-3165 Vol. XL, Number 1 Spring 2008 AAS Working Group Acts to Preserve Astronomical Heritage By Stephen McCluskey mong the physical sciences, astronomy has a long tradition A of constructing centers of teaching and research–in a word, observatories. The heritage of these centers survives in their physical structures and instruments; in the scientific data recorded in their observing logs, photographic plates, and instrumental records of various kinds; and more commonly in the published and unpublished records of astronomers and of the observatories at which they worked. These records have continuing value for both historical and scientific research. In January 2007 the American Astronomical Society (AAS) formed a working group to develop and disseminate procedures, criteria, and priorities for identifying, designating, and preserving structures, instruments, and records so that they will continue to be available for astronomical and historical research, for the teaching of astronomy, and for outreach to the general public. The scope of this charge is quite broad, encompassing astronomical structures ranging from archaeoastronomical sites to modern observatories; papers of individual astronomers, observatories and professional journals; observing records; and astronomical instruments themselves. Reflecting this wide scope, the members of the working group include historians of astronomy, practicing astronomers and observatory directors, and specialists Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Santa encounters tight security during in astronomical instruments, archives, and archaeology. a wartime visit to Oak Ridge. Many more images recently donated by the Digital Photo Archive, Department of Energy appear on page 13 and The first item on the working group’s agenda was to determine through out this newsletter. -
NL#145 March/April
March/April 2009 Issue 145 A Publication for the members of the American Astronomical Society 3 President’s Column John Huchra, [email protected] Council Actions I have just come back from the Long Beach meeting, and all I can say is “wow!” We received many positive comments on both the talks and the high level of activity at the meeting, and the breakout 4 town halls and special sessions were all well attended. Despite restrictions on the use of NASA funds AAS Election for meeting travel we had nearly 2600 attendees. We are also sorry about the cold floor in the big hall, although many joked that this was a good way to keep people awake at 8:30 in the morning. The Results meeting had many high points, including, for me, the announcement of this year’s prize winners and a call for the Milky Way to go on a diet—evidence was presented for a near doubling of its mass, making us a one-to-one analogue of Andromeda. That also means that the two galaxies will crash into each 4 other much sooner than previously expected. There were kickoffs of both the International Year of Pasadena Meeting Astronomy (IYA), complete with a wonderful new movie on the history of the telescope by Interstellar Studios, and the new Astronomy & Astrophysics Decadal Survey, Astro2010 (more on that later). We also had thought provoking sessions on science in Australia and astronomy in China. My personal 6 prediction is that the next decade will be the decade of international collaboration as science, especially astronomy and astrophysics, continues to become more and more collaborative and international in Highlights from nature. -
Harold Knox-Shaw and the Helwan Observatory
1 Harold Knox-Shaw and the Helwan Observatory Jeremy Shears & Ashraf Ahmed Shaker Abstract Harold Knox-Shaw (1885-1970) worked at the Helwan Observatory in Egypt from 1907 to 1924. The Observatory was equipped with a 30-inch (76 cm) reflector that was financed and constructed by the Birmingham industrialist, John Reynolds (1874- 1949), to benefit from the clearer skies and more southerly latitude compared with Britain. Knox-Shaw obtained the first photograph of Halley’s Comet on its 1910 perihelion passage. He also carried out morphological studies on nebulae and may have been the first to identify what later became to be known as elliptical galaxies as a distinct class of object. Photographic analysis of the variable nebula NGC 6729 in Corona Australis enabled him to conclude that the changes in brightness and shape were correlated with the light travel time from the illuminating star, R CrA. Introduction By the beginning of the twentieth century fundamental changes in astronomy were well-advanced, with a move from a traditional positional and descriptive approach to the new science of astrophysics. This was driven by the development of two new tools: spectroscopy and photography. In Great Britain the chief practitioners of the science were no longer the self-taught individuals of independent wealth, the Grand Amateurs of the Victorian age, but increasingly they were University-trained scientists employed by professional research institutions (1). Across the Atlantic, the United States was making great strides in the development of the new astronomy. Here, in the first two decades of the twentieth century increasingly large telescopes were being built to generate astrophysical data, such as the giant reflectors on Mount Wilson which benefitted from the clear skies and southerly latitudes of California. -
SMART-X, “Square Meter, Arcsecond Resolution X-Ray Telescope”
SMART-X, “Square Meter, Arcsecond Resolution X-ray Telescope” A mission concept for a 2.3 m2 e ective area, 0.5′′ angular resolution X-ray telescope, with 5′ FOV, 1′′ pixel size microcalorimeter, 22′ FOV imager, and high-througput gratings. submitted by Alexey Vikhlinin Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory 617-495-7044, [email protected] on behalf of the SMART-X team at SAO, PSU, MIT, GSFC, MSFC, JHU, Stanford, U.Waterloo, Rutgers, NIST in response to NNH11ZDA018L A. Vikhlinin, P.Reid, H. Tananbaum, D. A. Schwartz, W.R. Forman, R. Kra, C. Jones, J. Bookbinder, R. Smith, V.Controneo, A. Kenter, P.Nulsen, L. P.David, R. Brissenden (SAO) S. Tolier-McKinstry, D. Burrows, A. Falcone, W.N. Brandt, E. Feigelson, L. Townsley (PSU) M. W.Bautz, M. Schattenburg, R. Heilmann, J. Davis, D. Dewey (MIT) S. R. Bandler, M. Markevitch, R. E. Kelley, C. A. Kilbourne, F.S. Porter, S. J. Smith (GSFC) M. C. Weisskopf, B. Ramsey, S. O’Dell (MSFC) S. S. Murray (JHU) S. A. Allen (Stanford) B. R. McNamara (U. Waterloo) J. P.Hughes (Rutgers) K. D. Irwin, G. C. Hilton (NIST/Boulder) A. Vikhlinin and other members of the SMART-X team are willing to participate and present our concept at the workshop. We are willing to discuss all information related to the proposal. 2 1 Overview Perseus@z=0.5 We describe the Square Meter Arcsecond Resolution X-ray Fe K, 300 ksec Telescope — SMART-X— in response to this Request for 1.5 /s/keV) Information for mission concepts capable of addressing Thermal scienti c objectives of the International X-ray Observatory.