Animal Genetic Resources Information Bulletin
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List of Horse Breeds 1 List of Horse Breeds
List of horse breeds 1 List of horse breeds This page is a list of horse and pony breeds, and also includes terms used to describe types of horse that are not breeds but are commonly mistaken for breeds. While there is no scientifically accepted definition of the term "breed,"[1] a breed is defined generally as having distinct true-breeding characteristics over a number of generations; its members may be called "purebred". In most cases, bloodlines of horse breeds are recorded with a breed registry. However, in horses, the concept is somewhat flexible, as open stud books are created for developing horse breeds that are not yet fully true-breeding. Registries also are considered the authority as to whether a given breed is listed as Light or saddle horse breeds a "horse" or a "pony". There are also a number of "color breed", sport horse, and gaited horse registries for horses with various phenotypes or other traits, which admit any animal fitting a given set of physical characteristics, even if there is little or no evidence of the trait being a true-breeding characteristic. Other recording entities or specialty organizations may recognize horses from multiple breeds, thus, for the purposes of this article, such animals are classified as a "type" rather than a "breed". The breeds and types listed here are those that already have a Wikipedia article. For a more extensive list, see the List of all horse breeds in DAD-IS. Heavy or draft horse breeds For additional information, see horse breed, horse breeding and the individual articles listed below. -
Biodiversity of Arabian Horses in Syria
Biodiversity of Arabian horses in Syria Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doctor rerum agriculturarum (Dr. rer. agr.) eingereicht an der Lebenswissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Humboldt Universität zu Berlin von M.Sc. Saria Almarzook Präsidentin der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Prof. Dr. Sabine Kunst Dekan der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Prof. Dr. Bernhard Grimm Gutachterin/Gutachter Prof. Dr. Gudrun Brockmann Prof. Dr. Dirk Hinrichs Prof. Dr. Armin Schmitt Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 17. September 2018 Dedication This research is dedicated to my homeland …Syria Contents Zusammenfassung ................................................................................................................... I Summary ............................................................................................................................... VI List of publications and presentations .................................................................................. XII List of abbreviations ............................................................................................................ XIII List of figures ....................................................................................................................... XIV List of tables ......................................................................................................................... XV 1. General introduction and literature review ..................................................................... 1 1.1. Domestication and classification -
A View of the Horse from the Classical Perspective the Penn Museum Collection by Donald White
A View of the Horse from the Classical Perspective The Penn Museum Collection by donald white quus caballus is handsomely stabled in tive how-to manual On Horsemanship (“The tail and mane the University of Pennsylvania Museum of should be washed, to keep the hairs growing, as the tail is used Archaeology and Anthropology. From the to swat insects and the mane may be grabbed by the rider Chinese Rotunda’s masterpiece reliefs portray- more easily if long.”) all the way down to the 9th century AD ing two horses of the Chinese emperor Taizong Corpus of Greek Horse Veterinarians, which itemizes drugs for Eto Edward S. Curtis’s iconic American Indian photographs curing equine ailments as well as listing vets by name, Greek housed in the Museum’s Archives, horses stand with man and Roman literature is filled with equine references. One in nearly every culture and time-frame represented in the recalls the cynical utterance of the 5th century BC lyric poet Museum’s Collection (pre-Columbian America and the Xenophanes from the Asia Minor city of Colophon: “But if northern polar region being perhaps the two most obvious cattle and horses and lions had hands, or were able to do the exceptions). Examples drawn from the more than 30,000 work that men can, horses would draw the forms of the gods like Greek, Roman, and Etruscan vases, sculptures, and other horses” (emphasis added by author). objects in the Museum’s Mediterranean Section serve here as The partnership between horse and master in antiquity rested a lens through which to view some of the notable roles the on many factors; perhaps the most important was that the horse horse played in the classical Mediterranean world. -
Electronic Supplementary Material - Appendices
1 Electronic Supplementary Material - Appendices 2 Appendix 1. Full breed list, listed alphabetically. Breeds searched (* denotes those identified with inherited disorders) # Breed # Breed # Breed # Breed 1 Ab Abyssinian 31 BF Black Forest 61 Dul Dülmen Pony 91 HP Highland Pony* 2 Ak Akhal Teke 32 Boe Boer 62 DD Dutch Draft 92 Hok Hokkaido 3 Al Albanian 33 Bre Breton* 63 DW Dutch Warmblood 93 Hol Holsteiner* 4 Alt Altai 34 Buc Buckskin 64 EB East Bulgarian 94 Huc Hucul 5 ACD American Cream Draft 35 Bud Budyonny 65 Egy Egyptian 95 HW Hungarian Warmblood 6 ACW American Creme and White 36 By Byelorussian Harness 66 EP Eriskay Pony 96 Ice Icelandic* 7 AWP American Walking Pony 37 Cam Camargue* 67 EN Estonian Native 97 Io Iomud 8 And Andalusian* 38 Camp Campolina 68 ExP Exmoor Pony 98 ID Irish Draught 9 Anv Andravida 39 Can Canadian 69 Fae Faeroes Pony 99 Jin Jinzhou 10 A-K Anglo-Kabarda 40 Car Carthusian 70 Fa Falabella* 100 Jut Jutland 11 Ap Appaloosa* 41 Cas Caspian 71 FP Fell Pony* 101 Kab Kabarda 12 Arp Araappaloosa 42 Cay Cayuse 72 Fin Finnhorse* 102 Kar Karabair 13 A Arabian / Arab* 43 Ch Cheju 73 Fl Fleuve 103 Kara Karabakh 14 Ard Ardennes 44 CC Chilean Corralero 74 Fo Fouta 104 Kaz Kazakh 15 AC Argentine Criollo 45 CP Chincoteague Pony 75 Fr Frederiksborg 105 KPB Kerry Bog Pony 16 Ast Asturian 46 CB Cleveland Bay 76 Fb Freiberger* 106 KM Kiger Mustang 17 AB Australian Brumby 47 Cly Clydesdale* 77 FS French Saddlebred 107 KP Kirdi Pony 18 ASH Australian Stock Horse 48 CN Cob Normand* 78 FT French Trotter 108 KF Kisber Felver 19 Az Azteca -
1 Nature of Horse Breeds
1 Nature of Horse Breeds The horse captures our imagination because of its beauty, power and, most of all, its personality. Today, we encounter a wide array of horse breeds, developed for diverse purposes. Much of this diversity did not exist at the time of domestication of the horse, 5500 years ago (Chapter 2). Modern breeds were developed through genetic selection and based on the variety of uses of horses during the advance of civilization. Domestication of the horse revolutionized civilization. A rider could go farther and faster than people had ever gone before. Horses provided power to till more land and move heavier loads. Any sort of horse could provide these benefits, as long as it could be domesticated. However, over time people became more discern- ing about the characteristics of their horses. The intuitive and genetic principle that “like begat like” led people to choose the best horses as breeding stock. At the same time, people in different parts of the world used different criteria when select- ing horses. The horses were raised in different climates, fed different rations, exposed to different infectious diseases, and asked to do different types of work. Genetic differences could and did have a large impact on these traits. Over time, selection led to the creation of diverse types of horse around the world. We use a variety of terms to describe the genetic diversity among groups of animals, both to distinguish horses from other animals and examine differences among the different types of horses. Those terms include genus, species, popula- tion, landrace, and breed. -
ESSA Courier No
ESSA courier No. 13 – October 2011 __________________________________________________________________________________ The President’s Editorial 2 __________________________________________________________________________________ New ESSA member from Italy: The Association of Maremmana Horse Breeders 3 __________________________________________________________________________________ Register now for the “Days of European Stud Culture”! 4 __________________________________________________________________________________ Review: Marbach Stallion Parades with partner country France and ESSA-Quadrille 4 __________________________________________________________________________________ Review: Percheron World Congress at Le Pin 5 __________________________________________________________________________________ Image campaign of the German State Studs 6 __________________________________________________________________________________ ESSA will be present at the heritage, conservation and museum’s fair “Exponatec Cologne” 6 __________________________________________________________________________________ Announcement: 2012 EEAP congress in Bratislava 7 __________________________________________________________________________________ ESSA dates 2011 and 2012 8 1 _________________________________________________________________________________ European State Studs Association e.V. c/o Haupt- und Landgestuet Marbach I D-72532 Gomadingen-Marbach Tel +49 73 85 96 57 17 I Fax +49 73 85 96 57 38 I [email protected] I www.europeanstatestuds.org -
Survey of Risk Factors and Genetic Characterization of Ewe Neck in a World Population of Pura Raza Español Horses
animals Article Survey of Risk Factors and Genetic Characterization of Ewe Neck in a World Population of Pura Raza Español Horses María Ripolles 1, María J. Sánchez-Guerrero 1,2,*, Davinia I. Perdomo-González 1 , Pedro Azor 1 and Mercedes Valera 1 1 Department of Agro-Forestry Sciences, ETSIA, University of Seville, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; [email protected] (M.R.); [email protected] (D.I.P.-G.); [email protected] (P.A.); [email protected] (M.V.) 2 Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Engineering, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-9-5448-6461 Received: 31 July 2020; Accepted: 27 September 2020; Published: 1 October 2020 Simple Summary: Ewe Neck is a common morphological defect of the Pura Raza Español (PRE) population, which seriously affects the horse’s development. In this PRE population (35,267 PRE), a total of 9693 animals (27.12% of total) was Ewe Neck-affected. It has been demonstrated that genetic and risk factors (sex, age, geographical area, coat color, and stud size) are involved, being more prevalent in the males, 4–7 years old, chestnut coat, from small studs (less than 5 mares), and raised in North America. The morphological traits height at chest, length of back, head-neck junction, and bottom neck-body junction and the body indices, head index, and thoracic index were those most closely related with the appearance of this morphological defect. The additional genetic base of Ewe Neck in PRE, which presents low-moderate heritability (h2: 0.23–0.34), shows that the prevalence of this defect could be effectively reduced by genetic selection. -
GENETIC DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT of an INDIGENOUS HORSE POPULATION of GREECE Introduction
Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 33 (1), p 81-90 , 2017 ISSN 1450-9156 Publisher: Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun UDC 636.06'61 DOI: 10.2298/BAH1701081L GENETIC DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF AN INDIGENOUS HORSE POPULATION OF GREECE George P. Laliotis, Meni Avdi Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction of Farm Animals, Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. Corresponding author: G.P.Laliotis; [email protected] Original scientific paper Abstract: Highly endangered local breeds are considered important not only for the maintenance of their genetic diversity for future survival but also because they regarded as part of the cultural heritage of the local and national communities. Using pedigree data and an analysis of 18 microsatellite loci we investigated the genetic diversity of a private (commercial) indigenous Skyros horse population, reared in an insular region of North-Western of Greece. The overall average animal inbreeding value reached 24%. Concerning average inbreeding value over non founding animals, it was estimated to 0.013, while the corresponding value over inbred animals were 0.13.The mean number of alleles per locus amounted to 3.72, ranging between 1 and 7 alleles. The average observed heterozygosity was 0.57. Taking into account the inbreeding estimated index, an average heterozygote deficit (Fis) of -0.09 was noted (P<0.05). Although the population maintained reasonable levels of genetic diversity, well studied inbreeding strategies should be implemented, in order to reduce the loss of genetic variability, to avoid extinction and further genetic drift of the population. Keywords: Skyros Horse, Inbreeding, Conservation, STRs, genetic markers. -
The Myostatin Gene: an Overview of Mechanisms of Action and Its Relevance to Livestock Animals
The Myostatin gene: an overview of mechanisms of action and its relevance to livestock animals Article Accepted Version Aiello, D., Patel, K. and Lasagna, E. (2018) The Myostatin gene: an overview of mechanisms of action and its relevance to livestock animals. Animal Genetics, 49 (6). pp. 505-519. ISSN 1365-2052 doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/age.12696 Available at http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/77388/ It is advisable to refer to the publisher’s version if you intend to cite from the work. See Guidance on citing . To link to this article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/age.12696 Publisher: Wiley All outputs in CentAUR are protected by Intellectual Property Rights law, including copyright law. Copyright and IPR is retained by the creators or other copyright holders. Terms and conditions for use of this material are defined in the End User Agreement . www.reading.ac.uk/centaur CentAUR Central Archive at the University of Reading Reading’s research outputs online 1 Review: The Myostatin gene: an overview of mechanisms of action and its 2 relevance to livestock animals 3 D. Aiello 1, K. Patel 2 and E. Lasagna 1 4 5 1 Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di 6 Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121, Perugia, Italy 7 2 School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6UB, United 8 Kingdom 9 10 Corresponding author: Emiliano Lasagna. Fax: +39 075 5857122. Tel: +39 075 11 5857102. E-mail address: [email protected] 12 13 1 14 15 Summary 16 Myostatin, also known as Growth Differentiation Factor 8, a member of the 17 Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) super-family is a negative regulator of 18 muscle development. -
Mitochondrial DNA Survey Reveals the Lack of Accuracy in Maremmano Horse Studbook Records
animals Article Mitochondrial DNA Survey Reveals the Lack of Accuracy in Maremmano Horse Studbook Records Andrea Giontella 1,* , Irene Cardinali 2 , Hovirag Lancioni 2, Samira Giovannini 3, Camillo Pieramati 1 , Maurizio Silvestrelli 1 and Francesca Maria Sarti 3 1 Department of Veterinary Medicine—Sportive Horse Research Center, University of Perugia, via S.Costanzo 4, 06123 Perugia, Italy; [email protected] (C.P.); [email protected] (M.S.) 2 Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via - Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; [email protected] (I.C.); [email protected] (H.L.) 3 Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy; [email protected] (S.G.); [email protected] (F.M.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 1 April 2020; Accepted: 9 May 2020; Published: 12 May 2020 Simple Summary: Breed management and conservation are based on documents (pedigree) that record the relationships among animals although they are not always complete and error-free. Thanks to the DNA analysis, it is possible to check the correct genealogy and breed history. Our study focuses on the Italian Maremmano horse breed, whose Studbook was established in 1980. Starting from a selection of 74 maternal lines, we analyzed the mitochondrial DNA (which is transmitted to offspring only by mother) of 92 samples and verified the pedigree data of 12 dam lines by matching genealogical and mitochondrial information. We found some mistakes in three maternal lines, as the samples belonging to the same lineage showed different mitochondrial DNAs, thus suggesting that the information recorded in the Studbook is wrong and the samples do not descend from the same dam founder. -
LAURENS VALLEY Barn 7 Aisles (PENNSYLVANIA & KENTUCKY ELIGIBLE) 613 A-F BAY FILLY Foaled March 29, 2017 Tattoo No
Consigned by and raised at Diamond Creek Farm, Agent, Georgetown, Kentucky LAURENS VALLEY Barn 7 Aisles (PENNSYLVANIA & KENTUCKY ELIGIBLE) 613 A-F BAY FILLY Foaled March 29, 2017 Tattoo No. 3R997 Western Ideal p,1:48 Rocknroll Hanover p,3,1:48.3 -------- Rich N Elegant p,3,1:56.4 A Rocknroll Dance p,4,1:47.2 -------- Cam's Card Shark p,3,1:50 Wichita Hanover p,3,1:55.4f ---------- Wendymae Hanover p,4,T1:57 LAURENS VALLEY Cambest p,T1:46.1 Blissfull Hall p,3,1:49.2 ---------------- Hundred Kisses p,4,1:52.4 Babette Hall p,3,1:55.2 ---------------- Big Towner p,4,1:54.4 Brandilu Hanover p,3,1:57.3f -------- Bretta Dione p,3,T1:56.3 1st Dam BABETTE HALL p,3,1:55.2; BT1:54 ($7,440) by Blissfull Hall. 3 wins at 3. At 3, winner leg Early Closer at Lexington (3); third in leg Early Closer at Lexington (3). From 7 previous foals, dam of 5 winners, 4 in 1:55, including: MONEYBACKGUARANTEE p,2,Q1:59f; 3,1:51.4f; BT1:51.1f ($234,314) (Red River Hanover). 10 wins, 3 thru 6. At 2, second in Final Lou Babic S.; third in leg New Jersey Sires S. at Freehold, elim. Lou Babic S. At 3, winner leg New Jersey Sires S. at Freehold; second in leg New Jersey Sires S. at Freehold. STOP PAYMENT p,3,1:56.1f; 1:53h; BT1:52.3f ($115,517) (Ponder). 19 wins, 3 thru 9. -
Pharmacovigilance of Veterinary Medicinal Products
a. Reporter Categories Page 1 of 112 Reporter Categories GL42 A.3.1.1. and A.3.2.1. VICH Code VICH TERM VICH DEFINITION C82470 VETERINARIAN Individuals qualified to practice veterinary medicine. C82468 ANIMAL OWNER The owner of the animal or an agent acting on the behalf of the owner. C25741 PHYSICIAN Individuals qualified to practice medicine. C16960 PATIENT The individual(s) (animal or human) exposed to the VMP OTHER HEALTH CARE Health care professional other than specified in list. C53289 PROFESSIONAL C17998 UNKNOWN Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused b. RA Identifier Codes Page 2 of 112 RA (Regulatory Authorities) Identifier Codes VICH RA Mail/Zip ISO 3166, 3 Character RA Name Street Address City State/County Country Identifier Code Code Country Code 7500 Standish United Food and Drug Administration, Center for USFDACVM Place (HFV-199), Rockville Maryland 20855 States of USA Veterinary Medicine Room 403 America United States Department of Agriculture Animal 1920 Dayton United APHISCVB and Plant Health Inspection Service, Center for Avenue P.O. Box Ames Iowa 50010 States of USA Veterinary Biologic 844 America AGES PharmMed Austrian Medicines and AUTAGESA Schnirchgasse 9 Vienna NA 1030 Austria AUT Medical Devices Agency Eurostation II Federal Agency For Medicines And Health BELFAMHP Victor Hortaplein, Brussel NA 1060 Belgium BEL Products 40 bus 10 7, Shose Bankya BGRIVETP Institute For Control Of Vet Med Prods Sofia NA 1331 Bulgaria BGR Str. CYPVETSE Veterinary Services 1411 Nicosia Nicosia NA 1411 Cyprus CYP Czech CZEUSKVB