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Amazonía Ecuatoriana Bajo Presión www.flacsoandes.edu.ec AMAZONÍA ECUATORIANA BAJO PRESIÓN Víctor López A., Fernando Espíndola, Juan Calles L. y Janette Ulloa AMAZONÍA ECUATORIANA BAJO PRESIÓN Índice de mapas CRÉDITOS: MIN1. Límites político-administrativo, hidrográfico y biogeográfico ..... 6 Coordinación General: Víctor López Acevedo MIN2 División político administrativa de la RAE .................................... 7 Autores: Víctor López A., Fernando Espíndola, Juan Calles L. y Janette MIN3. Población por provincia 2001 y 2010 en la RAE ........................... 8 Ulloa. MIN4. Cobertura vegetal y Uso del suelo en la RAE.................................. 9 Recopilación, edición y cartografía base y temática: Catalina Va- MIN5. Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP) en la RAE ............................. 11 lle, Fabián Santos, Sara Dávila, Karla Beltrán, Belén Rivera, Gianina Zamora, Alexandra Velástegui, Daniel Albán y Fernando Espíndola. MIN6 Territorios Indígenas (TI) de la RAE ............................................. 15 Elaboración de mapas para publicación: Fernando Espíndola, Sara MIN7. Unidades Hidrográficas (UH nivel 5 de Pfafstetter) de la RAE .17 Dávila y Juan Calles. MIN8. Distribución de la precipitación en la RAE .................................. 18 Fotografías: Frente de Defensa de la Amazonía - Unión de Afecta- MIN9. Áreas Naturales Protegidas y Unidades Hidrográficas de la RAE ... 19 dos por la Texaco (FDA-UDAPT), Mercedes León, (PDOT, Gobierno Provincial de Sucumbíos), Silvia Vallejo, Juan Calles y Víctor López A. MIN10. Demarcaciones Hidrográficas y Humedales de la RAE ............19 (EcoCiencia), Esteban Zarria y Santiago Echeverría. Fotos portada: MPA1. Mapa de rangos altitudinales de la RAE ....................................... 20 Cordillera Real Oriental (Silvia Vallejo) y Piscina de Texaco en Lumba- quí (Víctor López A.). MPE1. Bloques petroleros en la RAE ........................................................ 22 Diagramación e impresión: Giro Creativo. MPE2. Bloques petroleros en Áreas Naturales Protegidas en la RAE ......... 23 EcoCiencia es una organización no gubernamental ecuatoriana funda- MPE3. Bloques petroleros y Territorios Indígenas de la RAE ............... 25 da en 1989. Su misión es “Conservar la diversidad biológica mediante MPE4. Bloques petroleros y UH de la RAE ............................................. 27 la investigación científica, la recuperación del conocimiento tradicional y la educación ambiental, impulsando formas de vida armoniosas entre MCA1. Mapa vial de la RAE ........................................................................ 29 el ser humano y la naturaleza”. MCA2. Densidad vial por provincias de la RAE....................................... 30 La Red Amazónica de Información Socioambiental Georreferenciada MCA3. Carreteras, ANP y TI de la RAE ................................................... 31 (RAISG) es un espacio de intercambio y articulación de información socioambiental georeferenciada, al servicio de procesos que vinculan MDE1. Línea base de deforestación en la RAE. Año base 2000 ........... 33 positivamente los derechos colectivos con la valorización y sustentabi- lidad de la diversidad socioambiental en la región amazónica. El prin- MDE2. Escenarios de deforestación al interior de unidades del PANE. cipal objetivo de la Red, desde su fundación en 1996, es estimular y 2000-2005-2010 .............................................................................................. 34 facilitar la cooperación entre instituciones que ya trabajan con sistemas MDE3. Escenario de deforestación al interior de Bosques Protectores. de información socioambiental georeferenciada en la Amazonía, con 2000-2005 ........................................................................................................ 35 una metodología basada en la coordinación de esfuerzos conjuntos, me- diante un proceso acumulativo, descentralizado y público de intercam- MDE4. Escenarios de deforestación al interior de Territorios Indígenas. bio, producción y difusión de información. 2000-2005-2010 .............................................................................................. 35 Citar este documento como: MMN1. Áreas mineras en la RAE ............................................................... 36 López A., V., Espíndola, F., Calles, J. y Ulloa, J. 2013. Atlas "Amazonía Ecuato- riana Bajo Presión". EcoCiencia. Quito-Ecuador. MMN2. Áreas de interés minero en ANP en la RAE .............................. 37 Citar mapas de este documento como: MMN3. Áreas mineras en TI de la RAE .................................................... 39 EcoCiencia. 2013. Nombre del Mapa. Atlas "Amazonía Ecuatoriana Bajo Pre- MMN4. Áreas mineras en UH de la RAE ................................................. 39 sión". Quito-Ecuador. MHI1. Hidroeléctricas por fase y potencia en la RAE ............................ 41 ISBN- 978-9942-946-02-7 MHI2. Proyectos de generación hidroeléctrica por fase en UH de la RAE 42 Esta publicación se realizó en el marco del proyecto “Atlas Amazonía Ecuatoria- MVU1. Vulnerabilidad por riesgos naturales en TI de la RAE .............. 44 na 2010”, con el financiamiento de Fundación Ford y aportes complementarios de Fundación MacArthur Grant Nº 09-93729. MVU2. Vulnerabilidad por riegos naturales en UH en la RAE .............. 44 MVU3. Vulnerabilidad por riegos naturales en ANP en la RAE ........... 45 MVU4. Vulnerabilidad por actividades antrópicas en TI de la RAE ..... 47 MVU5. Vulnerabilidad por actividades antrópicas en ANP en la RAE ....... 48 25 años MVU6. Vulnerabilidad por actividades antrópicas en UH de la RAE ... 48 MVU7. Vulnerabilidad por Condición Socioeconómica en parroquias de la RAE .............................................................................................................. 49 MCF1. Número de presiones en ANP en la RAE .................................... 51 MCF2. Número de presiones en TI de la RAE ........................................ 52 Se permite la reproducción de este material, citando la fuente. MCF3. Número de presiones en UH de la RAE ...................................... 53 Contenido Presentación ................................... 4 Por Territorios Indígenas (TI)................... 34 Por Unidades Hidrográficas (UH) ............... 35 Metodología ................................... 5 Minería ...................................... 36 Contexto RAE .............................. 36 Introducción ................................... 6 Por Provincias............................... 38 Perspectivas de análisis: la Amazonía Por Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP) ............ 39 político-administrativa, hidrográfica y biogeográfica..... 6 Por Territorios Indígenas (TI)................... 39 División político-administrativa.................... 6 Por Unidades Hidrográficas (UH) ............... 39 Vertiente hidrográfica del Amazonas en Ecuador ....... 9 Hidroeléctricas ................................ 40 Cobertura vegetal y cambio de uso de suelo ........... 9 Contexto RAE .............................. 40 Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP) ................. 10 Por Provincias............................... 40 Territorios Indígenas (TI) ....................... 13 Por Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP) ............ 42 Unidades Hidrográficas (nivel 5 de Pfafsteter) ........ 18 Por Territorios Indígenas (TI)................... 42 Por Unidades Hidrográficas (UH) ............... 42 Presiones, amenazas y economía extractiva en la RAE .................................... 20 Escenarios de Vulnerabilidad en la RAE ........... 43 Sistemas agroproductivos ........................ 21 Vulnerabilidad por Riesgos Naturales ............. 43 Extracción maderera ........................... 21 Por Provincias............................... 43 Por Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP) ............ 43 Petróleo ...................................... 22 Por Territorios Indígenas (TI)................... 43 Contexto RAE .............................. 22 Por Unidades Hidrográficas (UH) ............... 44 Por Provincias............................... 26 Vulnerabilidad por Actividades Antrópicas ......... 46 Por Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP) ............ 26 Por Provincias............................... 46 Por Territorios Indígenas (TI)................... 26 Por Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP) ............ 46 Por Unidades Hidrográficas (UH) ............... 26 Por Territorios Indígenas (TI)................... 48 Carreteras .................................... 28 Por Unidades Hidrográficas (UH) ............... 48 Contexto RAE .............................. 28 Vulnerabilidad por Condición Socioeconómica...... 50 Por Provincias............................... 28 Por Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP) ............ 30 Consideraciones finales . 51 Por Territorios Indígenas (TI)................... 30 Para Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP)............ 51 Por Unidades Hidrográficas (UH) ............... 30 Para Territorios Indígenas (TI) . 51 Deforestación . 32 Para Unidades Hidrográficas (UH)............... 53 Contexto RAE .............................. 32 Por Provincias............................... 32 Referencias bibliográficas ....................... 54 Por Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP) ............ 34 Siglas ........................................ 56 Presentación ¿Qué significa la Amazonía para el Ecuador del nuevo milenio? Esta Esta publicación contribuye a complementar y afinar la información es la pregunta central que guió el desarrollo del Atlas “Amazonía socioambiental generada por la
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